NURSING 402 EQ - RESPIRATORY: Lung Abscess-etiology: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnostic and Treatment Options

1. A patient presents with a lung abscess. What treatment option would be the most appropriate? a. Postural drainage b. Antibiotic treatment c. Chest physiotherapy d. Reduction of fluid intake Because there are mixed bacteria in a lung abscess, starting a broad spectrum antibiotic is the appropriate treatment option. Postural drainage and chest physiotherapy are not recommended because they may cause spillage of infection to other bronchi and spread the infection. Reducing fluid intake is not advisable; instead, adequate fluid intake is recommended. 2. The nurse is providing tracheostomy care for a patient. What priority action should the nurse perform prior to deflating the cuff of the tube? a. Explain the procedure to the patient. b. Encourage the patient to cough up secretions. c. Place retention sutures in the tracheal cartilage. d. Keep the replacement tube near the patient’s bed. cuff deflation is performed to allow the patient to talk; therefore, before deflating the cuff, the nurse should encourage the patient to cough up secretions. Information regarding deflating the cuff is provided to the patient before performing tracheostomy, but not before deflating the cuff. Retention sutures are placed in the tracheal cartilage while performing is placed near the patient’s bed for use in case of accidental tracheotomy tube dislodgment. tracheostomy, but not before deflating the cuff of a tracheostomy tube. A replacement tube 3. The nurse is caring for a patient who has a nasogastric tube. What actions should the nurse perform to prevent aspiration in this patient? Select all that apply. a. Monitor gastric residual volumes. b. Feed the patient in a reclined position. c. Lower the head of the bed to 10 degrees. d. Elevate the head of the bed 30 to 45 degrees. e. Encourage the patient to sit upright for all meals. Although the nasogastric tubes are small, there is an increased risk for aspiration pneumonia; to prevent it, the head of the bed should be elevated to 30 to 45 degrees, gastric residual volumes should be monitored, and the patient should be made to sit upright for all meals. Lowering the head of the bed and reclining while eating are not advisable because these positions can increase the risk of aspiration.