NURSING EXAM TEST
[Author name]
[COMPANY NAME] [Company address]
,1
NR-507 Final Study Guide
1. Acid base imbalance
➢ While checking arterial blood gas results, a nurse finds respiratory acidosis. What
does the nurse suspect is occurring in the patient?
REDUCED TIDAL VOLUMES
➢ A 20-year-old male is in acute pain. An arterial blood gas reveals decreased carbon
dioxide (CO2 ) levels. Which of the following does the nurse suspect is the most likely
cause?
HYPERVENTILATION
➢ The nurse is assessing a client with suspected respiratory acidosis. Which
assessment items are priority for the nurse to collect?
RATE AND DEPTH OF RESPIRATIONS, SKIN COLOR AND TEMPERATURE,
APPEARANCE OF THE OPTIC NERVE
➢ The nurse is administering sodium bicarbonate to the client with respiratory acidosis.
The nurse understands that which is the primary goal of treatment for this client?
REMOVING EXCESS ACIDS IN BLOOD
➢
➢ The student nurse is assisting in the care for a client with acute respiratory acidosis.
The nurse explains to the student nurse that the client's blood pH initially falls in the
development of acute respiratory acidosis because of which process?
HYPOVENTILATION
2. ACTH
➢ The nurse is preparing a client for testing to determine if the client has
Cushing syndrome. What tests are included in the screening process
24-HOUR URINE SECRETION OF
CORTISOL DEXAMETHASONE
SUPPRESSION TEST PLASMA LEVELS
OF ACTH
1
,2
➢ A client comes to the clinic with fatigue and muscle weakness. The client also states she
has been having diarrhea. The nurse observes the skin of the client has a bronze tone
and when asked, the client says she has not had any sun exposure. The mucous
membranes of the gums are bluish-black. When reviewing laboratory results from this
client, what does the nurse anticipate seeing?
INCREASED LEVELS OF ACTH
➢ A client is diagnosed with adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency (ACTH) and is to
begin replacement therapy. Regarding which type of replacement will the nurse
educate the client?
CORTISOL REPLACEMENT THERAPY
2
, 3
➢ Following destruction of the pituitary gland, ACTH stimulation stops. Without ACTH to
stimulate the adrenal glands, the adrenals' production of cortisol drops. This is an
example of which type of endocrine disorder?
SECONDARY
➢ The nurse is preparing a client for a test that will measure negative feedback
suppression of ACTH. Which medication will the nurse administer in conjunction for
this test?
DEXAMETHASONE
➢ ACTH deficiency results in secondary
hypocortisolism
➢ ACTH deficiency is most commonly caused by?
GLUCOCORTICOID WITHDRAWAL
➢ 6 symptoms of an ACTH deficiency
TIREDNE
SS
WEAKNE
SS
ANOREXI
A N/V
hypoglycemia
orthostatic hypotension
➢ interpretation of ACTH levels requires simultaneous assessment of
plasma cortisol levels
➢ ACTH levels are normal to high in primary adrenal insufficiency
➢ ACTH levels are low to absent in secondary adrenal insufficiency
➢ The client has been taking an oral cortisol preparation for 2 years to manage an
autoimmune disease. What effects does the nurse expect this therapy to have on
this client's circulating levels of ACTH and aldosterone?
DECREASED ACTH, DECREASED ALDOSTERONE
3
[Author name]
[COMPANY NAME] [Company address]
,1
NR-507 Final Study Guide
1. Acid base imbalance
➢ While checking arterial blood gas results, a nurse finds respiratory acidosis. What
does the nurse suspect is occurring in the patient?
REDUCED TIDAL VOLUMES
➢ A 20-year-old male is in acute pain. An arterial blood gas reveals decreased carbon
dioxide (CO2 ) levels. Which of the following does the nurse suspect is the most likely
cause?
HYPERVENTILATION
➢ The nurse is assessing a client with suspected respiratory acidosis. Which
assessment items are priority for the nurse to collect?
RATE AND DEPTH OF RESPIRATIONS, SKIN COLOR AND TEMPERATURE,
APPEARANCE OF THE OPTIC NERVE
➢ The nurse is administering sodium bicarbonate to the client with respiratory acidosis.
The nurse understands that which is the primary goal of treatment for this client?
REMOVING EXCESS ACIDS IN BLOOD
➢
➢ The student nurse is assisting in the care for a client with acute respiratory acidosis.
The nurse explains to the student nurse that the client's blood pH initially falls in the
development of acute respiratory acidosis because of which process?
HYPOVENTILATION
2. ACTH
➢ The nurse is preparing a client for testing to determine if the client has
Cushing syndrome. What tests are included in the screening process
24-HOUR URINE SECRETION OF
CORTISOL DEXAMETHASONE
SUPPRESSION TEST PLASMA LEVELS
OF ACTH
1
,2
➢ A client comes to the clinic with fatigue and muscle weakness. The client also states she
has been having diarrhea. The nurse observes the skin of the client has a bronze tone
and when asked, the client says she has not had any sun exposure. The mucous
membranes of the gums are bluish-black. When reviewing laboratory results from this
client, what does the nurse anticipate seeing?
INCREASED LEVELS OF ACTH
➢ A client is diagnosed with adrenocorticotropic hormone deficiency (ACTH) and is to
begin replacement therapy. Regarding which type of replacement will the nurse
educate the client?
CORTISOL REPLACEMENT THERAPY
2
, 3
➢ Following destruction of the pituitary gland, ACTH stimulation stops. Without ACTH to
stimulate the adrenal glands, the adrenals' production of cortisol drops. This is an
example of which type of endocrine disorder?
SECONDARY
➢ The nurse is preparing a client for a test that will measure negative feedback
suppression of ACTH. Which medication will the nurse administer in conjunction for
this test?
DEXAMETHASONE
➢ ACTH deficiency results in secondary
hypocortisolism
➢ ACTH deficiency is most commonly caused by?
GLUCOCORTICOID WITHDRAWAL
➢ 6 symptoms of an ACTH deficiency
TIREDNE
SS
WEAKNE
SS
ANOREXI
A N/V
hypoglycemia
orthostatic hypotension
➢ interpretation of ACTH levels requires simultaneous assessment of
plasma cortisol levels
➢ ACTH levels are normal to high in primary adrenal insufficiency
➢ ACTH levels are low to absent in secondary adrenal insufficiency
➢ The client has been taking an oral cortisol preparation for 2 years to manage an
autoimmune disease. What effects does the nurse expect this therapy to have on
this client's circulating levels of ACTH and aldosterone?
DECREASED ACTH, DECREASED ALDOSTERONE
3
