NURS 615 PHARM EXAM 1 – MARYVILLE| LATEST EXAM UPDATE
2025/2026| VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CORRET 100%
How does hypoalbuminemia affect the process of prescribing? -CORRECT
ANSWER Low albumin = more free drug (bc the drug can't bind to albumin
aka protein) = increased adverse effects
What is a Black Box Warning: -CORRECT ANSWER is considered a
contraindication to administer that drug.
What is the drugs half-life? -CORRECT ANSWER Half-life specifically
means the amount of time it takes for an administered drug to be halfway
cleared from the system.
Peak of action: -CORRECT ANSWER the time between drug administration
and maximum concentration of drug in the blood stream. Best therapeutic
effect.
Duration of action: -CORRECT ANSWER the time between onset of action
and metabolism of drug below the minimum needed for an effect. The length of
time you have the drug in your system.
According to the WHO what is the first step in the prescribing process? -
CORRECT ANSWER The first step is to define the patient's problem
The second step is to -CORRECT ANSWER specify the therapeutic objective
The third step is to -CORRECT ANSWER choose which drug or treatment is
needed.
,Step 4 of the WHO approach: -CORRECT ANSWER Start the treatment
Step 5 of the WHO approach: -CORRECT ANSWER Educate the patient
Step 6 of the WHO approach: -CORRECT ANSWER Monitor the treatment
Phase 1 of drug development: -CORRECT ANSWER The drug is tested on
healthy volunteers
Phase 2 of drug development: -CORRECT ANSWER trials with people who
have the disease for which the drug is thought to be effective
Phase 3 of drug development: -CORRECT ANSWER Large numbers of
patients in medical research centers receive the drug in phase 3. This larger
sampling provides information about infrequent or rare adverse effects. The
FFA will approve a new drug application if phase 3 studies are satisfactory.
Phase 4 of drug development: -CORRECT ANSWER This phase is voluntary
and involves postmarket surveillance of the drug's therapeutic effects at the
completion of phase 3. The pharmaceutical company receives reports from
doctors and other health care professionals about the therapeutic results and
adverse effects of the drug. Some medications, for example, have been found to
be toxic and have been removed from the market after their initial release.
Explain first pass metabolism -CORRECT ANSWER much of the drug is lost
in the absorption process. The liver metabolizes many drugs, thus reduces the
bioavailabilty of the drug.
, What is the fasted route of absorption: -CORRECT ANSWER The fastest
route of absorption is inhalation, and not as mistakenly considered the IV
administration.
Why does the GI tract take longer to absorb? -CORRECT ANSWER The GI
tract is lined with epithelial cells; drugs must permeate through these cells in
order to be absorbed into the circulatory system.
What is One particular cellular barrier that may prevent absorption of a given
drug? -CORRECT ANSWER the cell membrane. Cell membranes are
essentially lipid bilayers which form a semipermeable membrane. Pure lipid
bilayers are generally permeable only to small and uncharged solutes, hence
whether or not a molecule is ionized will affect its absorption, since ionic
molecules are charged.
What is solubility? -CORRECT ANSWER Solubility favors charged species,
permeability favors neutral species. Some molecules have special exchange
proteins and channels to facilitate movement from the lumen into the
circulation.
Why does absorption occur at a slower rate for oral, IM, SQ routes? -
CORRECT ANSWER Absorption occurs at a slower rate because the complex
membrane systems of GI mucosal layers, muscle, and skin delay drug passage.
The ability of a drug to cross a cell membrane depends on: -CORRECT
ANSWER whether the drug is water or lipid (fat) soluble. Lipid-soluble drugs
easily cross through cell membranes; water-soluble drugs can't. Lipid-soluble
drugs can also cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain.
As a drug travels through the body, it comes in contact with? -CORRECT
ANSWER proteins such as the plasma protein albumin. The drug can remain
free or bind to the protein. The portion of a drug that's bound to a protein is
2025/2026| VERIFIED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS CORRET 100%
How does hypoalbuminemia affect the process of prescribing? -CORRECT
ANSWER Low albumin = more free drug (bc the drug can't bind to albumin
aka protein) = increased adverse effects
What is a Black Box Warning: -CORRECT ANSWER is considered a
contraindication to administer that drug.
What is the drugs half-life? -CORRECT ANSWER Half-life specifically
means the amount of time it takes for an administered drug to be halfway
cleared from the system.
Peak of action: -CORRECT ANSWER the time between drug administration
and maximum concentration of drug in the blood stream. Best therapeutic
effect.
Duration of action: -CORRECT ANSWER the time between onset of action
and metabolism of drug below the minimum needed for an effect. The length of
time you have the drug in your system.
According to the WHO what is the first step in the prescribing process? -
CORRECT ANSWER The first step is to define the patient's problem
The second step is to -CORRECT ANSWER specify the therapeutic objective
The third step is to -CORRECT ANSWER choose which drug or treatment is
needed.
,Step 4 of the WHO approach: -CORRECT ANSWER Start the treatment
Step 5 of the WHO approach: -CORRECT ANSWER Educate the patient
Step 6 of the WHO approach: -CORRECT ANSWER Monitor the treatment
Phase 1 of drug development: -CORRECT ANSWER The drug is tested on
healthy volunteers
Phase 2 of drug development: -CORRECT ANSWER trials with people who
have the disease for which the drug is thought to be effective
Phase 3 of drug development: -CORRECT ANSWER Large numbers of
patients in medical research centers receive the drug in phase 3. This larger
sampling provides information about infrequent or rare adverse effects. The
FFA will approve a new drug application if phase 3 studies are satisfactory.
Phase 4 of drug development: -CORRECT ANSWER This phase is voluntary
and involves postmarket surveillance of the drug's therapeutic effects at the
completion of phase 3. The pharmaceutical company receives reports from
doctors and other health care professionals about the therapeutic results and
adverse effects of the drug. Some medications, for example, have been found to
be toxic and have been removed from the market after their initial release.
Explain first pass metabolism -CORRECT ANSWER much of the drug is lost
in the absorption process. The liver metabolizes many drugs, thus reduces the
bioavailabilty of the drug.
, What is the fasted route of absorption: -CORRECT ANSWER The fastest
route of absorption is inhalation, and not as mistakenly considered the IV
administration.
Why does the GI tract take longer to absorb? -CORRECT ANSWER The GI
tract is lined with epithelial cells; drugs must permeate through these cells in
order to be absorbed into the circulatory system.
What is One particular cellular barrier that may prevent absorption of a given
drug? -CORRECT ANSWER the cell membrane. Cell membranes are
essentially lipid bilayers which form a semipermeable membrane. Pure lipid
bilayers are generally permeable only to small and uncharged solutes, hence
whether or not a molecule is ionized will affect its absorption, since ionic
molecules are charged.
What is solubility? -CORRECT ANSWER Solubility favors charged species,
permeability favors neutral species. Some molecules have special exchange
proteins and channels to facilitate movement from the lumen into the
circulation.
Why does absorption occur at a slower rate for oral, IM, SQ routes? -
CORRECT ANSWER Absorption occurs at a slower rate because the complex
membrane systems of GI mucosal layers, muscle, and skin delay drug passage.
The ability of a drug to cross a cell membrane depends on: -CORRECT
ANSWER whether the drug is water or lipid (fat) soluble. Lipid-soluble drugs
easily cross through cell membranes; water-soluble drugs can't. Lipid-soluble
drugs can also cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain.
As a drug travels through the body, it comes in contact with? -CORRECT
ANSWER proteins such as the plasma protein albumin. The drug can remain
free or bind to the protein. The portion of a drug that's bound to a protein is
