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HED4804 Assignment 4 (COMPLETE ANSWERS) 2026 - DUE August 2026

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HED4804 Assignment 4 (COMPLETE ANSWERS) 2026 - DUE August 2026; 100% TRUSTED Complete, trusted solutions and explanations. For assistance, Whats-App 0.8.1..2.7.8..3.3.7.2... Ensure your success with us......Question 1 [20] 1.1 Read the excerpt below and answer the questions that follow: “The study of foreign systems of education for borrowing is an important feature in the historical development of the field of Comparative and International Education. This significant trend began in 1830 and continues into the 21st century.” a) What, in your view, are the challenges associated with the implementation of models/policies of education borrowed from foreign countries? (5) b) As an “expert” in Comparative and International Education, what advice would you give to a borrowing country, to help overcome the above challenges? (5) c) Briefly discuss the future relevance of the field of Comparative and International Education, referring to the role of knowledge economies in the development of the field. (5) d) How can Comparative and International Education improve teaching practice? (5) 24 Question 2 [30] Read the excerpt below and answer the questions that follow: “The problem of ‘rote learning’ is one of the discernible features of education in the postcolonial contexts. This problem was evident in the educational systems of India and Tanzania in the aftermath of colonial conquest.” a) Define “rote-learning”. (2) b) Briefly explain how officials in India and Tanzania tackled the problem of “rote-learning” in their educational reforms. (8) Educational reforms in post-independence Tanzania were informed by an analysis of the wrongs associated with the inherited system of colonial education. Education for Self-Reliance (ESR) emerged as a crucial education reform intervention after the Arusha Declaration. c) Mention four (4) criticisms that were levelled against the colonial system of education in Tanzania. (8) d) Briefly discuss how ESR sought to overcome the challenges of the inherited colonial system of education in Tanzania, focusing on the key principles of ESR. (12) Question 3 [30] Read the following excerpt on Chilean educational reforms and answer the questions which follow: “The democratically elected governments that immediately followed the end of military rule proceeded carefully to amend the LOCE (Delannoy, 2000). Changes included increased length of the school day by several hours and intensified in-service teacher-training programmes (Osandón et al., 2018). Initially, the emphasis was on modernisation preferring consensus, especially with representatives of the economic sector, rather than debate about the purposes of education. A first modification listing fundamental objectives and minimal contents was changed by a one-term conservative government to emphasis[e] learning objectives, making the curriculum more aligned with contents of international achievement tests such as the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Results from this initial phase were disappointing” a) Evaluate the inefficiencies associated with “teaching-to-the-test” as regards the educational reforms articulated in the above excerpt. (15) b) Briefly discuss the key principles of the new Chilean basic education curriculum passed by a centre-left government in 2017. (15) HED4806/101/0/2026 25 Question 4 [20] 4.1 Answer the following question: a) Compare and contrast the higher education challenges facing South Africa and the Islamic Republic of Iran. (10) b) Policies played an important role in the development of higher education in South Africa after 1994. Indicate any five (5) important policies that led to the reform of higher education.

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HED4806
Assignment 4 2026
Unique number:
Due date: August 2026


QUESTION 1

a) Challenges linked to borrowing foreign education policies

Borrowing education models from foreign countries can create serious problems
when the policy does not match the borrowing country’s local conditions. Every
education system develops within a particular social, economic, political, cultural and
historical setting. A model that succeeds in a wealthy country may therefore fail in a
country facing overcrowded classrooms, limited learning materials and insufficiently
trained teachers (Seroto, Davids & Wolhuter, 2020:142). Language differences may
also affect implementation because foreign policies often assume that learners and
teachers use the same language or share similar cultural experiences. Another
challenge is that policymakers may copy only the visible features of a system without
understanding the deeper factors that support its success. This may lead to

, QUESTION 1

a) Challenges linked to borrowing foreign education policies

Borrowing education models from foreign countries can create serious problems
when the policy does not match the borrowing country’s local conditions. Every
education system develops within a particular social, economic, political, cultural and
historical setting. A model that succeeds in a wealthy country may therefore fail in a
country facing overcrowded classrooms, limited learning materials and insufficiently
trained teachers (Seroto, Davids & Wolhuter, 2020:142). Language differences may
also affect implementation because foreign policies often assume that learners and
teachers use the same language or share similar cultural experiences. Another
challenge is that policymakers may copy only the visible features of a system without
understanding the deeper factors that support its success. This may lead to
resistance from teachers, parents and communities who feel that the model ignores
their needs and local knowledge. South Africa’s experience with outcomes-based
education showed that borrowed reforms can create difficulties when classroom
realities and available resources are not properly considered (Seroto, Davids &
Wolhuter, 2020).

b) Advice to a country borrowing education policies

A borrowing country should avoid copying a foreign education model exactly as it
operates in its country of origin. The first step should be a careful investigation of the
local education system, including its history, languages, available resources, teacher
capacity, social needs and political environment. National education systems are
shaped by several connected forces, which means that one part cannot simply be
removed from one society and placed unchanged into another (Seroto, Davids &
Wolhuter, 2020:142). Policymakers should identify the useful principles within the
foreign model and then adapt them to suit local schools and communities. Teachers,
school leaders, parents, learners and education researchers should participate in the
planning process because they understand everyday classroom conditions. A small
pilot programme should also be introduced before national implementation so that
weaknesses can be identified and corrected. Comparative research should guide the
process by showing both the strengths and limitations of the chosen model, rather

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