TEST BANK for Human Learning
8th Edition Ormrod, CHAPTER 1 - 15
, CHAPTERgi1
PERSPECTIVESgiONgiLEARNING
MultiplegiChoicegiQuestions
Humangibeingsgiundoubtedlygilearngimoregiduringgithegicoursegiofgiagilifetimegit
hangianygiothergispeciesgiongiearth.giThegimajorgiresultgiofgithisgicapacitygitogilearngii
sgithat:
Newgiinstinctsgibegingitogiemerge.
Humangithoughtgibecomesgilessgilogicalgiwithgieachgigenerati
on.gH
i umansgicangibenefitgifromgitheirgiexperiences.
Humansgiaregithegionlygispeciesgiwhosegibehaviorgicannotgibegianalyze
dgiingitermsgiofgistimuligiandgiresponses.
Threegiofgithegifollowinggiaregiexamplesgiofgilearning.giWhichgionegiisginot?
Abigailgicriesgiwhengishegistepsgiongiagisharpgipebble.
Aftergimanygihoursgiofgiheatedgidebate,giBriangibeginsgitogiadvoc
ategipoliticalgipracticesgihegihasgipreviouslygiopposed.
Caragisuddenlygirecognizesgihowgithegidivisiongifactgi―24gi’gi4gi=gi6‖giisgire
latedgitogithegimultiplicationgifactgi―6gixgi4gi=gi24.‖
DavidgihasgibeengirunninggiawaygifromgiGermangishepherdsgievergisince
gihegiwasgibittengibygiagiGermangishepherdgitwogi yearsgiago.
Reyneldagihasgitroublegitracinggiagicomplexgishapegiwithgiagipencilgiwhengishegii
sgiingikindergarten,gibutgishegicangidogiitgiquitegiwellgibygithegitimegishegiisgiingisecon
dgigrade.giIsgithisgiangiinstancegiofgilearning?
Yes,gibecausegihergibehaviorgihasgichanged.
No,gibecausegithegicircumstancesgiaregitoogidissimilar.
Maybe,gialthoughgithegichangegimaygisimplygibegidue
gitogp
i hysiologicalgimaturation.
Maybe,gibutgionlygiifgishegiisgibeinggireinforcedgiforgitracinggiaccurately.
2
, Chaptergi1gi–
giPerspectivesgiongiLearning
Threegiofgithegifollowinggiillustrategivariousgiwaysgithatgilearninggimightg i begiref
lectedgiingiagiperson‘sgibehavior.giWhichgionegiofgithegifollowinggichangesgidoesginotgi
necessarilygireflectgilearning?
Althoughgiit‘sgiagischoolginight,giDeangiplaysgivideogigamesgiuntilgiwellgipast
gihisgu
i sualgibedtime.giAsgihegibecomesgimoregitired,gihegifindsgiitgiincreasingl
ygidifficultgitogiconcentrategiongiwhatgihe‘sgidoing.
Evengiasgiagiyounggichild,giJerrygicouldgitellgiyougithatgihisgigrandpare
ntsgiimmigratedgitogithegiUnitedgiStatesgifromgiIreland.giButgiaftergiagi
conversationgiwithgihisgigrandmother,gihegicanginowgidescribegithegic
ircumstancesgiofgithegifamily‘sgiimmigrationgiingiconsiderablegidetai
l.
Daygiaftergiday,giMartingipracticesgihisgibasketballgiskillsg i (shooting,gdi ribbl
ing,gietc.)giongiagibasketballgicourtgiatgiagilocalgipark.giWithgieachgipracticegise
ssion,gihisgimovementsgibecomegifastergiandgismoother.
Lewisgioccasionallygiasksgiforgihelpgiwhengihegihasgidifficultygiwithgihisgicl
asswork,gibutgimostgiofgithegitimegihegijustgistrugglesgiquietlygiongihisgiown.g
iAftergihisgiteachergiassuresgihimgithatgiaskinggiforgihelpgiisginotgiagisigngiofgi
weaknessgiorgiinability,gihegibeginsgiaskinggiforgihelpgimuchgimoregifrequen
tly.
gi researchgiexaminesgilearninggiingitightlygicontrolledgisettingsgiand
gi researchgiexaminesgilearninggiingireal-worldgisettings.
Applied;giBasicgiBas
ic;giQualitativegiQual
itative;giAppliedgiBasi
c;giApplied
Agiprinciplegiofgilearninggicangibestgibegicharacterizedgias:
Agidescriptiongiofgithegiresultsgiofgiagiparticulargiresearchgistudy
Agistatementgithatgidescribesgihowgiagiparticulargifactorgiaffectsgilearning
Thegimeasurementgiofgihowgimuchgilearninggihasgioccurredgiin
giagiparticulargisituation
Angiexplanationgiofgithegiunderlyinggiprocessesgithroughgiwhichgilearninggioccurs
Agitheorygiofgilearninggicangibestgibegicharacterizedgias:
Agidescriptiongiofgithegiresultsgiofgiagiparticulargiresearchgistudy
Agistatementgithatgidescribesgihowgiagiparticulargifactorgiaffectsgilearning
Thegimeasurementgiofgihowgimuchgilearninggihasgioccurredgiin
giagiparticulargisituation
Angiexplanationgiofgithegiunderlyinggiprocessesgithroughgiwhichgilearninggioccurs
3
, Chaptergi1gi–
giPerspectivesgiongiLearning
Threegiofgithegifollowinggiaregiprinciplesgiofgilearning.giWhichgionegiisgiagitheory
ofgilearninggirathergithangiagiprinciple?
Agibehaviorgithatgiisgifollowedgibygipunishmentgidecreasesgiingifrequency.
Peoplegilearngibygimakinggimentalgiassociationsgibetweenginewgiinformat
iongai ndgitheirgiexistinggiknowledge.
Agiresponsegithatgiisgirewardedgieverygitimegiitgioccursgiincreasesgim
oregirapidlygithangiagiresponsegithatgiisgionlygioccasionallygirewarded
.
Studentsgitendgitogiremembergimoregiofgiagilecturegiifgitheygitakeginotesgi
ongti hegilecture‘sgicontent.
Whichgionegiofgithegifollowinggicommongisayingsgibestgireflectsgithegicon
ceptgiofgiintrospection?
―Wheregithere‘sgiagiwill,githere‘sgiagiway.‖
―Nothinggiventured,ginothinggigained.‖
―Agipennygiforgiyourgithoughts.‖
―Oldgihabitsgidiegihard.‖
Whichgionegiofgithegifollowinggicommongisayingsgibestgireflectsgithegib
asicgpi remisegiunderlyinggisocialgilearninggitheory?
―Monkeygisee,gimonkeygido.‖
―Sparegithegirodgiandgispoilgithegichild.‖
―Agifriendgiingineedgiisgiagifriendgiindeed.‖
―Agirollinggistonegigathersginogimoss.‖
Whichgionegiofgithegifollowinggistatementsgiprovidesgithegimostgicrediblegiex
planationgiforgithegifactgithatgihumangibeingsgiseemgitogisurpassgiallgiothergianim
algispeciesgiingitheirgithinkinggiandgilearninggicapacities?
Onlygihumangibeingsgihavegithegicapabilitygitogimakegitools.
Humansgicommunicategiregularlygiwithgionegianothergiand,giingidoinggi
so,gipassgialonggiwhatgithey‘vegilearnedgitogifuturegigenerations.
Humangibeingsgihavegiagihugegirepertoiregiofgiinstinctualgibehaviorsgifr
omgw i hichgitheygicangidrawgiwhengitheygiencounterginewgiexperiences.
Humangibrainsgiaregismallergithangithosegiofgiothergiintelligentgispeciesgi(e.
g.,gielephants,gidolphins)giandgithereforegicangitransmitgimessagesgimoregiq
uicklygiandgiefficiently.
4
8th Edition Ormrod, CHAPTER 1 - 15
, CHAPTERgi1
PERSPECTIVESgiONgiLEARNING
MultiplegiChoicegiQuestions
Humangibeingsgiundoubtedlygilearngimoregiduringgithegicoursegiofgiagilifetimegit
hangianygiothergispeciesgiongiearth.giThegimajorgiresultgiofgithisgicapacitygitogilearngii
sgithat:
Newgiinstinctsgibegingitogiemerge.
Humangithoughtgibecomesgilessgilogicalgiwithgieachgigenerati
on.gH
i umansgicangibenefitgifromgitheirgiexperiences.
Humansgiaregithegionlygispeciesgiwhosegibehaviorgicannotgibegianalyze
dgiingitermsgiofgistimuligiandgiresponses.
Threegiofgithegifollowinggiaregiexamplesgiofgilearning.giWhichgionegiisginot?
Abigailgicriesgiwhengishegistepsgiongiagisharpgipebble.
Aftergimanygihoursgiofgiheatedgidebate,giBriangibeginsgitogiadvoc
ategipoliticalgipracticesgihegihasgipreviouslygiopposed.
Caragisuddenlygirecognizesgihowgithegidivisiongifactgi―24gi’gi4gi=gi6‖giisgire
latedgitogithegimultiplicationgifactgi―6gixgi4gi=gi24.‖
DavidgihasgibeengirunninggiawaygifromgiGermangishepherdsgievergisince
gihegiwasgibittengibygiagiGermangishepherdgitwogi yearsgiago.
Reyneldagihasgitroublegitracinggiagicomplexgishapegiwithgiagipencilgiwhengishegii
sgiingikindergarten,gibutgishegicangidogiitgiquitegiwellgibygithegitimegishegiisgiingisecon
dgigrade.giIsgithisgiangiinstancegiofgilearning?
Yes,gibecausegihergibehaviorgihasgichanged.
No,gibecausegithegicircumstancesgiaregitoogidissimilar.
Maybe,gialthoughgithegichangegimaygisimplygibegidue
gitogp
i hysiologicalgimaturation.
Maybe,gibutgionlygiifgishegiisgibeinggireinforcedgiforgitracinggiaccurately.
2
, Chaptergi1gi–
giPerspectivesgiongiLearning
Threegiofgithegifollowinggiillustrategivariousgiwaysgithatgilearninggimightg i begiref
lectedgiingiagiperson‘sgibehavior.giWhichgionegiofgithegifollowinggichangesgidoesginotgi
necessarilygireflectgilearning?
Althoughgiit‘sgiagischoolginight,giDeangiplaysgivideogigamesgiuntilgiwellgipast
gihisgu
i sualgibedtime.giAsgihegibecomesgimoregitired,gihegifindsgiitgiincreasingl
ygidifficultgitogiconcentrategiongiwhatgihe‘sgidoing.
Evengiasgiagiyounggichild,giJerrygicouldgitellgiyougithatgihisgigrandpare
ntsgiimmigratedgitogithegiUnitedgiStatesgifromgiIreland.giButgiaftergiagi
conversationgiwithgihisgigrandmother,gihegicanginowgidescribegithegic
ircumstancesgiofgithegifamily‘sgiimmigrationgiingiconsiderablegidetai
l.
Daygiaftergiday,giMartingipracticesgihisgibasketballgiskillsg i (shooting,gdi ribbl
ing,gietc.)giongiagibasketballgicourtgiatgiagilocalgipark.giWithgieachgipracticegise
ssion,gihisgimovementsgibecomegifastergiandgismoother.
Lewisgioccasionallygiasksgiforgihelpgiwhengihegihasgidifficultygiwithgihisgicl
asswork,gibutgimostgiofgithegitimegihegijustgistrugglesgiquietlygiongihisgiown.g
iAftergihisgiteachergiassuresgihimgithatgiaskinggiforgihelpgiisginotgiagisigngiofgi
weaknessgiorgiinability,gihegibeginsgiaskinggiforgihelpgimuchgimoregifrequen
tly.
gi researchgiexaminesgilearninggiingitightlygicontrolledgisettingsgiand
gi researchgiexaminesgilearninggiingireal-worldgisettings.
Applied;giBasicgiBas
ic;giQualitativegiQual
itative;giAppliedgiBasi
c;giApplied
Agiprinciplegiofgilearninggicangibestgibegicharacterizedgias:
Agidescriptiongiofgithegiresultsgiofgiagiparticulargiresearchgistudy
Agistatementgithatgidescribesgihowgiagiparticulargifactorgiaffectsgilearning
Thegimeasurementgiofgihowgimuchgilearninggihasgioccurredgiin
giagiparticulargisituation
Angiexplanationgiofgithegiunderlyinggiprocessesgithroughgiwhichgilearninggioccurs
Agitheorygiofgilearninggicangibestgibegicharacterizedgias:
Agidescriptiongiofgithegiresultsgiofgiagiparticulargiresearchgistudy
Agistatementgithatgidescribesgihowgiagiparticulargifactorgiaffectsgilearning
Thegimeasurementgiofgihowgimuchgilearninggihasgioccurredgiin
giagiparticulargisituation
Angiexplanationgiofgithegiunderlyinggiprocessesgithroughgiwhichgilearninggioccurs
3
, Chaptergi1gi–
giPerspectivesgiongiLearning
Threegiofgithegifollowinggiaregiprinciplesgiofgilearning.giWhichgionegiisgiagitheory
ofgilearninggirathergithangiagiprinciple?
Agibehaviorgithatgiisgifollowedgibygipunishmentgidecreasesgiingifrequency.
Peoplegilearngibygimakinggimentalgiassociationsgibetweenginewgiinformat
iongai ndgitheirgiexistinggiknowledge.
Agiresponsegithatgiisgirewardedgieverygitimegiitgioccursgiincreasesgim
oregirapidlygithangiagiresponsegithatgiisgionlygioccasionallygirewarded
.
Studentsgitendgitogiremembergimoregiofgiagilecturegiifgitheygitakeginotesgi
ongti hegilecture‘sgicontent.
Whichgionegiofgithegifollowinggicommongisayingsgibestgireflectsgithegicon
ceptgiofgiintrospection?
―Wheregithere‘sgiagiwill,githere‘sgiagiway.‖
―Nothinggiventured,ginothinggigained.‖
―Agipennygiforgiyourgithoughts.‖
―Oldgihabitsgidiegihard.‖
Whichgionegiofgithegifollowinggicommongisayingsgibestgireflectsgithegib
asicgpi remisegiunderlyinggisocialgilearninggitheory?
―Monkeygisee,gimonkeygido.‖
―Sparegithegirodgiandgispoilgithegichild.‖
―Agifriendgiingineedgiisgiagifriendgiindeed.‖
―Agirollinggistonegigathersginogimoss.‖
Whichgionegiofgithegifollowinggistatementsgiprovidesgithegimostgicrediblegiex
planationgiforgithegifactgithatgihumangibeingsgiseemgitogisurpassgiallgiothergianim
algispeciesgiingitheirgithinkinggiandgilearninggicapacities?
Onlygihumangibeingsgihavegithegicapabilitygitogimakegitools.
Humansgicommunicategiregularlygiwithgionegianothergiand,giingidoinggi
so,gipassgialonggiwhatgithey‘vegilearnedgitogifuturegigenerations.
Humangibeingsgihavegiagihugegirepertoiregiofgiinstinctualgibehaviorsgifr
omgw i hichgitheygicangidrawgiwhengitheygiencounterginewgiexperiences.
Humangibrainsgiaregismallergithangithosegiofgiothergiintelligentgispeciesgi(e.
g.,gielephants,gidolphins)giandgithereforegicangitransmitgimessagesgimoregiq
uicklygiandgiefficiently.
4
