Ghana
African Nationalism On Ending Colonial Rule
Influence
↳ Scramble for Africa (1870 - 1900) resulted in all of Africa being colonised
• During SFA (scramble for africa) there were disputes over claims to territory
• 1884 -1886 → conference held in Berlin to solve territory disputes → decided that to
claim land they had to prove:
① signed a treaty with African leader
② gained admin control over territory
③ developed economic interests in territory
↳ Colonial Powers divided Africa arbitrarily = basis of nationalism + common language +
tradition were absent in most states
• African nationalism played a major role in bringing colonialisation to and end because:
① Africans became unified + work together to gain independence
② Leaders led resistance movements
③ Leaders formed political parties that demanded independence
Definitions
Colonised → means that powerful countries take control of weaker States (colony)
Colonial Powers → European states that controlled colonies
African Nationalism → desire to have freedom to rule themselves
How African Nationalism Ended British Rule in Gold Coast
↳ Gold Coast = British Colony in West Africa in 1874 → Africans weren't consulted about
this rule
• Ashanti group → controlled area before the British arrival + fought 4 wars against
British (1803-1900)
• Kwame Nkrumah (nationalist leader) created a mass org→ the Convention Peoples
Party (CPP) in 1949
• CPP challenged British rule + became the political model for nationalist orgs in Africa
• Gold Coast = 1st African colony to achieve independence in 1957
• After independence → Gold Coast changed its name to Ghana (was the name of a
powerful empire in the Middle Ages)
, 19 20
f o r m a t io n o f N a t io n a l C o n g r e s s ( B r it is h A f r ic a )
19 27
N a t iv e A d m in O r d in a n c e p u t c h ie f s u n d e r B r it is h s u p e r v is io n in G C ( g o ld c o a s t )
19 3 7
S t r ik e o f c o c o a f a r m e r s
19 4 5 f if t h P a n - A f r ic a n C o n g r e s s ( in M a n c h e s t e r )
19 4 7 f o r m a t io n o f U n it e d G C C o n v e n t io n
19 4 8
k w a m e r e t u r n e d t o G C f r o m U S + N a t io n w id e r a llie s + s t r ik e s + b o y c o t t s
19 4 9
f o r m a t io n o f C o n v e n t io n P e o p le is p a r t y ( C P P ) + B r it is h a r r e s t e d K w a m e + s e t s e lf g o v
19 51
K w a m e r e le a s e d f r o m p r is o n + C P P w o n e le c t io n
19 52
k w a m e b e c a m e p r im e m in is t e r o f G C
19 57
G o ld C o a s t g o t f u ll in d e p e n d e n c e + r e n a m e d G h a n a
Educated Elite
Establishment
↳ Pre-colonial Africa → social status was decided by lineage + clan + chiefdom
• Divisions in society = changed by colonial rule as education created a small elite
African Nationalism On Ending Colonial Rule
Influence
↳ Scramble for Africa (1870 - 1900) resulted in all of Africa being colonised
• During SFA (scramble for africa) there were disputes over claims to territory
• 1884 -1886 → conference held in Berlin to solve territory disputes → decided that to
claim land they had to prove:
① signed a treaty with African leader
② gained admin control over territory
③ developed economic interests in territory
↳ Colonial Powers divided Africa arbitrarily = basis of nationalism + common language +
tradition were absent in most states
• African nationalism played a major role in bringing colonialisation to and end because:
① Africans became unified + work together to gain independence
② Leaders led resistance movements
③ Leaders formed political parties that demanded independence
Definitions
Colonised → means that powerful countries take control of weaker States (colony)
Colonial Powers → European states that controlled colonies
African Nationalism → desire to have freedom to rule themselves
How African Nationalism Ended British Rule in Gold Coast
↳ Gold Coast = British Colony in West Africa in 1874 → Africans weren't consulted about
this rule
• Ashanti group → controlled area before the British arrival + fought 4 wars against
British (1803-1900)
• Kwame Nkrumah (nationalist leader) created a mass org→ the Convention Peoples
Party (CPP) in 1949
• CPP challenged British rule + became the political model for nationalist orgs in Africa
• Gold Coast = 1st African colony to achieve independence in 1957
• After independence → Gold Coast changed its name to Ghana (was the name of a
powerful empire in the Middle Ages)
, 19 20
f o r m a t io n o f N a t io n a l C o n g r e s s ( B r it is h A f r ic a )
19 27
N a t iv e A d m in O r d in a n c e p u t c h ie f s u n d e r B r it is h s u p e r v is io n in G C ( g o ld c o a s t )
19 3 7
S t r ik e o f c o c o a f a r m e r s
19 4 5 f if t h P a n - A f r ic a n C o n g r e s s ( in M a n c h e s t e r )
19 4 7 f o r m a t io n o f U n it e d G C C o n v e n t io n
19 4 8
k w a m e r e t u r n e d t o G C f r o m U S + N a t io n w id e r a llie s + s t r ik e s + b o y c o t t s
19 4 9
f o r m a t io n o f C o n v e n t io n P e o p le is p a r t y ( C P P ) + B r it is h a r r e s t e d K w a m e + s e t s e lf g o v
19 51
K w a m e r e le a s e d f r o m p r is o n + C P P w o n e le c t io n
19 52
k w a m e b e c a m e p r im e m in is t e r o f G C
19 57
G o ld C o a s t g o t f u ll in d e p e n d e n c e + r e n a m e d G h a n a
Educated Elite
Establishment
↳ Pre-colonial Africa → social status was decided by lineage + clan + chiefdom
• Divisions in society = changed by colonial rule as education created a small elite
