NST 166 MIDTERM 2 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
food security - ANSWER-access by all people at all times to sufficient food for an
active and healthy life
poverty - ANSWER-having too little money to meet minimum needs for clothing,
food, shelter
5 components of food insecurity - ANSWER-quantity, quality, suitability,
psychological, social
measuring food insecurity - ANSWER-NHANES, NHIS, other local agencies use the
18 item screener. has changed over time
adult and child survey modules - ANSWER-adult: worries about food purchasing
ability, affording balanced meals, feeling hungry, losing weight, eating smaller
portions
child: relying on low cost foods for kids, others are same questions about being
hungry and skipping meals bc of money
who is most affected by food insecurity - ANSWER-1. single mom
2. has children under age 6
3. single male
races: 1. hispanic 2. black 3. other 4. white
similar rates within and outside metro areas
household food security scale - ANSWER-high, marginal, low, very low
0 yes up to 6-10 yes responses on survey
causes of food insecurity - ANSWER-o Poverty o Low wage o High costs of basic
needs (housing, health care, etc.) o Household shocks o Job loss o Increased HH
size (new child, taking care of elderly
parent, etc.)
o Loss of SNAP benefits o Illness
food insecurity consequences - ANSWER-o Many studies have mixed results but
some have found
negative impact on:
o Physical Health o Increased risk of overweight and obesity in women o Increased
risk of developing diabetes in adults o Micronutrient deficiencies o Mental health o
Cognitive problems
o Low concentration o Lower test scores
, food insecurity obesity paradox - ANSWER-o Theories
o Maximizing calorie intake through low cost, high caloric foods
o Substituting quantity for quality of food o Feast-famine eating patterns o Stress o
Social Determinants o Less desirable environments for physical activity o Fewer
supermarkets, more fast food in low income
neighborhoods
programs to alleviate FI - ANSWER-healthy ppl 2020
o Reduce Barriers to Federal Programs: o SNAP/CalFresho WIC o School Lunch &
Breakfast Program o CACFP
WIC - ANSWER-women, infants, children
The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children
(WIC) provides Federal grants to States for supplemental foods, health care
referrals, and nutrition education for low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, and non-
breastfeeding postpartum women, and to infants and children up to age five who are
found to be at nutritional risk.
serves 8 million ppl
3 main benefits: food, education, referrals
set by Congress
eligibility terminated on 5th bday
dif bw WIC and other food access programs - ANSWER-not an entitlement(food
stamps)
families may be eligible
???
WIC helping local economies - ANSWER-Can be used to purchase specific foods at
any of 4,000 WIC authorized retail food stores statewide.
WIC and food deserts - ANSWER-trying to create oases
major changes to WIC food packages - ANSWER-healthier: much more variety,
includes formula, whole grains, actual fruits and veggies
major changes:
l Heavily incentivizes "fully" and "mostly" breastfeeding l Adds fruits and vegetables
l Adds whole grains (cereals, bread, and other whole
grains, e.g. tortillas, brown rice)
l Reduces some food allowances, including milk, eggs,
cheese, and juice
l Revises infant food packages: baby foods/varying
amounts of formula at different ages
l Adds soy-based beverage and tofu as milk
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
food security - ANSWER-access by all people at all times to sufficient food for an
active and healthy life
poverty - ANSWER-having too little money to meet minimum needs for clothing,
food, shelter
5 components of food insecurity - ANSWER-quantity, quality, suitability,
psychological, social
measuring food insecurity - ANSWER-NHANES, NHIS, other local agencies use the
18 item screener. has changed over time
adult and child survey modules - ANSWER-adult: worries about food purchasing
ability, affording balanced meals, feeling hungry, losing weight, eating smaller
portions
child: relying on low cost foods for kids, others are same questions about being
hungry and skipping meals bc of money
who is most affected by food insecurity - ANSWER-1. single mom
2. has children under age 6
3. single male
races: 1. hispanic 2. black 3. other 4. white
similar rates within and outside metro areas
household food security scale - ANSWER-high, marginal, low, very low
0 yes up to 6-10 yes responses on survey
causes of food insecurity - ANSWER-o Poverty o Low wage o High costs of basic
needs (housing, health care, etc.) o Household shocks o Job loss o Increased HH
size (new child, taking care of elderly
parent, etc.)
o Loss of SNAP benefits o Illness
food insecurity consequences - ANSWER-o Many studies have mixed results but
some have found
negative impact on:
o Physical Health o Increased risk of overweight and obesity in women o Increased
risk of developing diabetes in adults o Micronutrient deficiencies o Mental health o
Cognitive problems
o Low concentration o Lower test scores
, food insecurity obesity paradox - ANSWER-o Theories
o Maximizing calorie intake through low cost, high caloric foods
o Substituting quantity for quality of food o Feast-famine eating patterns o Stress o
Social Determinants o Less desirable environments for physical activity o Fewer
supermarkets, more fast food in low income
neighborhoods
programs to alleviate FI - ANSWER-healthy ppl 2020
o Reduce Barriers to Federal Programs: o SNAP/CalFresho WIC o School Lunch &
Breakfast Program o CACFP
WIC - ANSWER-women, infants, children
The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children
(WIC) provides Federal grants to States for supplemental foods, health care
referrals, and nutrition education for low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, and non-
breastfeeding postpartum women, and to infants and children up to age five who are
found to be at nutritional risk.
serves 8 million ppl
3 main benefits: food, education, referrals
set by Congress
eligibility terminated on 5th bday
dif bw WIC and other food access programs - ANSWER-not an entitlement(food
stamps)
families may be eligible
???
WIC helping local economies - ANSWER-Can be used to purchase specific foods at
any of 4,000 WIC authorized retail food stores statewide.
WIC and food deserts - ANSWER-trying to create oases
major changes to WIC food packages - ANSWER-healthier: much more variety,
includes formula, whole grains, actual fruits and veggies
major changes:
l Heavily incentivizes "fully" and "mostly" breastfeeding l Adds fruits and vegetables
l Adds whole grains (cereals, bread, and other whole
grains, e.g. tortillas, brown rice)
l Reduces some food allowances, including milk, eggs,
cheese, and juice
l Revises infant food packages: baby foods/varying
amounts of formula at different ages
l Adds soy-based beverage and tofu as milk
