Nutrition_exam_3_study_guide_the_moms_version.

Study Outline Exam Three: Modules 6, 7 & 8
1

Module 6

Chapter 18: Drug –Nutrient Interactions

1. Review the module lesson and the link provided in the announcements.
2. Review the FDA pamphlets provided in the announcements.
1. Food and drug interaction can prevent medication from working, cause a side
effect from a medication and gets worse or better, cause new side effect.
3. Older adults at risk
1. Elderly- on multiple medications
2. Polypharmacy
3. Body can’t absorb the same, cognitive impairment, mental status, decreased
gastric motility, manual dexterity
4. Education regarding food allergies
 Read labels
 How to avoid exposure- education, ask questions when going out, cross
contamination
 Emergency treatment for severe allergic response
 Staying safe e.g.: accidental ingestion
o Carry epi pen
o Need to go to hospital still because allergen will last longer than epi pen.
Will have to get steroids to relieve symptoms
o Family and friends need to know how to use this
5. Assessing for food allergies
1. Blood tests, allergy history
6. Define food allergy vs. food intolerance
1. Allergy is acute and fast acting, intolerance is chronic and slow acting
2. Lactose intolerance
3. GI upset
4. Anaphylaxis versus discomfort
5. Not generally life threatening
6. Just because allergy does not cause life threatening reaction doesn’t mean that it
won’t at some point
7. Effects of food on Drug Absorption (p. 412)
 Increased drug absorption:
1. Nutrients: high fat tends to delay absorption, also can increase
2. Vitamin C, increases iron absorption
3. Grapefruit juice increases absorption of certain drugs also
 Decreased drug absorption
1. Semediden (Drug) over time will increase drug absorption—decreases
gastric acid production in stomach
2. Aspirin: food will decrease the absorption of aspirin.
a. Should be taken on empty stomach with A LOT OF WATER
(preferably cold water)
8. Herb and drug interaction: always ask clients about OTC meds including herbs

04/24/2016
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, Study Outline Exam Three: Modules 6, 7 & 8
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1. Nonprescription drugs DO count when taking history from client
2. Concerns with taking only supplements:
 clients will put off seeing the doctor
 may not be taking as directed
 may interact with each other
 Reactions may occur
 herbs will enhance prescribed drugs
 May get lower pulse rate or BP than intended.
9. Drugs that may stimulate the appetite
1. Potasapine, antihistamines, Xanax, tricyclics, STEROIDS, some antidepressants
2. Depress appetite: stimulants—works on CNS and decreases appetite
10. Mineral depletion (drugs that may cause)
1. Diuretics deplete Potassium, Sodium, PPIs, Aspirin, antacids, alcohol
2. Most diuretics are potassium depleting Lasix, loop diuretics
3. Potassium is huge concern, effects heart muscle
4. Be aware of potassium sparing drug. Keep in mind to look for both hypo and
hyperkalemia in assessments with clients. (Aldactone)
11. First pass mechanism (p. 408)
(REVIEW CHAPTER 19 FOR THE ATI EXAM)
 Absorption of drugs is a complex matter. Physiologic events are important in a
number of ways.
1. Solution- in the systemic blood circulation system it may be subject to
metabolism, deactivation, and elimination through the so called first pass
mechanism.
2. Stomach Emptying Rate- composition of the diet affects the rate at which food
enters the small intestine from the stomach.
 Fats, high temp and solid meals prolong the time food stays in the
stomach.
3. Clinical significance- a small change in absorption is critical for a drug with a
steep does response curve but perhaps unnoticeable for a drug with a wide range
of effective concentrations.
 Amount of absorption is more important than rate of absorption


Module 7

Chapter 20 Gastrointestinal Diseases

12. Celiac disease: most popular this decade. More identified now than in the past. Need to
follow gluten free diets
1. Gluten free foods/diet: wheat contains most gluten, then rye and barley. Oats do
have some degree, not the highest though
2. Safe foods include: rice and corn
13. Nutrition – acute exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease (p. 468)

04/24/2016
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