Cognition
1 Which of the following statements best describes the heuristic strategy to problem-solving.
1. Trying all the possibilities in a random manner
2. Trying the likeliest solution first to reduce alternatives
3. Evaluating and learning from the solution
4. Defining the problem accurately
2. “Each neuron is like an electrical battery with positive and negative poles. When a battery is
charged, there is a large potential difference between the 2 poles. As the battery becomes flat,
there is no potential difference between the 2 poles.” This statement best describes which form of
reasoning?
1. Analogical
2. Fallacious
3. Indictive
4. Deductive
3 Which of the following is not one of the steps to improve your critical reasoning ability.
1. Remembering the difference between language and reality
2. Using informal knowledge
3. Using closed ended questions
4. Avoiding over-generalisations
4. Our values may lead us to believe that reason and logic are the best means to solve a problem
and that fantasy and play are a waste of time. This statement best describes ….. barriers to
problem-solving
1. Learned
2. Perceptual
3. Emotional
4. Cultural
, 5. The use of hierarchical concepts helps people classify things and make sense of their world. An
item such as food can be classified at a …. level of classification
1. Superordinate
2. Subordinate
3. Intermediate
4. Conceptual
6. During a group discussion, Peter states that he understands why some people tend to steal to
make a living upon hearing this, Susan claims Peter is in favour of stealing. What kind of reason
fallacy is Susan displaying.
1. Susan is playing on Peter’s sympathy to get something done
2. Susan is trying to discredit the issue of stealing by discrediting Peter
3. Susan is using a slightly changed version of Peter’s point as a basis for reasoning
4. Susann is relying on the characteristics of the group to gain support for her conclusion
7. After the tutorials you forgot to meet your groupmate Lindy, at the library at 12: 00 as agreed.
At 13:00 Lindy finds you in the cafeteria. You asked how she found you and she explain that you
are usually in the library, or the cafeteria around 13: 00. What approach did Lindy use to find you?
1. Deductive reasoning because it was based on a premise that guaranteed an outcome
2. Inductive reasoning because it was based on a premise that did not guarantee an outcome
3. Restricted thinking because she restricted her options
4. Informal reasoning because there was only one possible outcome
8. Which of the following is not one of the steps to improve critical reasoning ability?
1. Keep an open mind
2. Avoid over-generalisations
3. Use informal knowledge
4. Use close-ended questions
1 Which of the following statements best describes the heuristic strategy to problem-solving.
1. Trying all the possibilities in a random manner
2. Trying the likeliest solution first to reduce alternatives
3. Evaluating and learning from the solution
4. Defining the problem accurately
2. “Each neuron is like an electrical battery with positive and negative poles. When a battery is
charged, there is a large potential difference between the 2 poles. As the battery becomes flat,
there is no potential difference between the 2 poles.” This statement best describes which form of
reasoning?
1. Analogical
2. Fallacious
3. Indictive
4. Deductive
3 Which of the following is not one of the steps to improve your critical reasoning ability.
1. Remembering the difference between language and reality
2. Using informal knowledge
3. Using closed ended questions
4. Avoiding over-generalisations
4. Our values may lead us to believe that reason and logic are the best means to solve a problem
and that fantasy and play are a waste of time. This statement best describes ….. barriers to
problem-solving
1. Learned
2. Perceptual
3. Emotional
4. Cultural
, 5. The use of hierarchical concepts helps people classify things and make sense of their world. An
item such as food can be classified at a …. level of classification
1. Superordinate
2. Subordinate
3. Intermediate
4. Conceptual
6. During a group discussion, Peter states that he understands why some people tend to steal to
make a living upon hearing this, Susan claims Peter is in favour of stealing. What kind of reason
fallacy is Susan displaying.
1. Susan is playing on Peter’s sympathy to get something done
2. Susan is trying to discredit the issue of stealing by discrediting Peter
3. Susan is using a slightly changed version of Peter’s point as a basis for reasoning
4. Susann is relying on the characteristics of the group to gain support for her conclusion
7. After the tutorials you forgot to meet your groupmate Lindy, at the library at 12: 00 as agreed.
At 13:00 Lindy finds you in the cafeteria. You asked how she found you and she explain that you
are usually in the library, or the cafeteria around 13: 00. What approach did Lindy use to find you?
1. Deductive reasoning because it was based on a premise that guaranteed an outcome
2. Inductive reasoning because it was based on a premise that did not guarantee an outcome
3. Restricted thinking because she restricted her options
4. Informal reasoning because there was only one possible outcome
8. Which of the following is not one of the steps to improve critical reasoning ability?
1. Keep an open mind
2. Avoid over-generalisations
3. Use informal knowledge
4. Use close-ended questions
