BOC study guide with Complete Solution

perspiring - ANSWER-give out sweat through the pores of the skin as the result of heat, physical exertion, or stress hypovolemia - ANSWER-a decreased volume of circulating blood in the body. piriformis - ANSWER- pes anserine bursitis - ANSWER-the combined tendinous insertion on the medial aspect of the tuberosity of the tibia of the sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus muscles apophysitis - ANSWER-is an overuse injury unique to the skeletally immature athlete and comprises a significant proportion of musculoskeletal complaints in this population. The apophysis is a secondary ossification center that serves as the attachment site for a muscle-tendon unit. lateral epicondylitis - ANSWER-is the most common overuse syndrome in the elbow. It is an injury involving the extensor muscles of the forearm. These muscles originate on the lateral epicondylar region of the distal of the humerus. yergason's - ANSWER-designed to assess for pathology in the long head of biceps tendon in its sheath. o'brien's - ANSWER-test for the shoulder that attempts to test specifically for glenohumeral joint labral tears (and more specifically for SLAP Lesions; superior labral tear from anterior to posterior). lungington's - ANSWER-test for a biceps tendon rupture Hawkins-kennedy - ANSWER-Impingement Test. This test looks for supraspinatus tendon impingement. adson's - ANSWER-a test for thoracic outlet syndrome maxilla - ANSWER-the jaw or jawbone, specifically the upper jaw in most vertebrates. In humans it also forms part of the nose and eye socket. optometrist - ANSWER-a person who is qualified to examine the eyes and prescribe and supply spectacles and contact lenses isokinetics - ANSWER-pertaining to a concentric or eccentric contraction of a muscle in which the speed and tension are constant throughout the range of lengthening or contracting. Such exercise is used to test and improve muscular strength and endurance, especially after injury. air splint - ANSWER-a device for temporarily immobilizing fractured or otherwise injured extremities. It consists of an inflatable cylinder that can be closed at either end and becomes rigid when filled with air under pressure. board splint - ANSWER- brachial plexus neurapraxia - ANSWER-Neurapraxia is a disorder of the peripheral nervous system in which there is a temporary loss of motor and sensory function due to blockage of nerve conduction, usually lasting an average of six to eight weeks before full recovery. he brachial plexus is a network of nerves that originate in the neck region and branch off to form most of the other nerves that control movement and sensation in the upper limbs, including the shoulder, arm, forearm, and hand. The radial, median, and ulnar nerves originate in the brachial plexus. thoracic outlet syndrome - ANSWER-is a condition in which there is compression of the nerves, arteries, or veins in the passageway from the lower neck to the armpit. pallor - ANSWER-an unhealthy pale appearance. Point-of-service (POS) - ANSWER-A type of plan in which you pay less if you use doctors, hospitals, and other health care providers that belong to the plan's network. POS plans also require you to get a referral from your primary care doctor in order to see a specialist. Preferred provider organization (PPO) - ANSWER-A type of health plan that contracts with medical providers, such as hospitals and doctors, to create a network of participating providers. You pay less if you use providers that belong to the plan's network. You can use doctors, hospitals, and providers outside of the network for an additional cost. Health maintenance organization (HMO) - ANSWER-A type of health insurance plan that usually limits coverage to care from doctors who work for or contract with the HMO. It generally won't cover out-of-network care except in an emergency. An HMO may require you to live or work in its service area to be eligible for coverage. HMOs often provide integrated care and focus on prevention and wellness. (third party payer provides practitioners fixed fees for services, limits its members choices to pre approved practitioners and requires the use of primary care physician) fee-for-service (FOS) - ANSWER-A method in which doctors and other health care providers are paid for each service performed. Examples of services include tests and office visits. exclusive provider organization (EPO) - ANSWER-A managed care plan where services are covered only if you go to doctors, specialists, or hospitals in the plan's network (except in an emergency). mortons neuroma - ANSWER-A swollen inflamed nerve in the ball of the foot, usually between the base of the second and third toes (known as the third intermetatarsal space), caused by chronic compression of a branch of the plantar nerve between the ends of the metatarsal bones. medial longitudinal arch - ANSWER- five cardinal signs of inflammation - ANSWER-pain. heat. swelling. loss of function. redness. epstein barr virus (EBV) - ANSWER-The Epstein-Barr virus, also called human herpesvirus 4, is one of eight known viruses in the herpes family, and is one of the most common viruses in humans. It is best known as the cause of infectious mononucleosis. SOAP notes - ANSWER- photophobia - ANSWER-extreme sensitivity to light. subconjunctival redness - ANSWER- orbital erythema - ANSWER-Erythema: Redness of the skin that results from capillary congestion. inferior orbit - ANSWER- external rhabdomolysis - ANSWER-the breakdown of muscle from extreme physical exertion. most likely to occur in hot and humid condition mild hypothermia common signs and symptoms - ANSWER-confusion. unsteady gait. shivering heat stroke common signs and symptoms - ANSWER-disorientation. dry/red skin. rapid strong pulse. altered mental state or behavior, nausea and vomiting, flushed skin, rapid breathing and racing heart rate. heat exhaustion - ANSWER-heavy sweating, rapid pulse, dizziness, fatigue, cool, moist skin with goose bumps when in the heat, muscle cramps, nausea and headache. Fiberglass cast - ANSWER- plaster cast - ANSWER- prophylactic knee brace - ANSWER-disperse forces during low impact activities Functional knee brace - ANSWER-limits tibial rotation and extension. only for ADL