Summary Anatomy and Physiology of the Shoulder

SUMMARY TABLE

JOINTS IN SHOULDER
NAME TYPE OF JOINT ARTICULATION LIGAMENTS MOVEMENT OTHER

GLENOHUMERAL Synovial, ball & socket Glenoid cavity of scapula o Glenoid labrum  Flexion &  Rotator cuff
JOINT joint & head of humerus o Coracohumeral Extension muscles &
o Glenohumeral (superior, middle &  Abduction & coracoacromial
inferior - capsular thickenings) adduction arch enhances
o Transverse humeral  Internal & stability of
external rotation joint
 Circumduction  Fibrous
capsule has
openings,
redundant
inferiorly
→ stops
humerus from
dislocating
laterally

STERNOCLAVICULAR Synovial, saddle (double-  Sternal end of o anterior & posterior sternoclavicular Of clavicle:
JOINT plane) clavicle (between clavicle & manubrium)  predominantly in
 Manubrium of o costoclavicular ligament(accessory) antero-posterior
sternum & part of → helps mostly with stability & vertical planes
1st costal(rib) (between 1st rib & clavicle)  Some rotation
cartilage o Interclavicular ligament (between left
 Articular disc divides & right clavicle, it runs over superior
cavity into 2 end of manubrium)
(enhances stability)

, ACROMIOCLAVICULA Synovial, plane  Lateral aspect of o Acromioclavicular(superior & inferior) Of clavicle:
R JOINT clavicle (oval shape → attaches acromion to clavicle  Predominantly in
facet) o Coracoclavicular(accessory) → 2 parts - Antero-posterior
 Medial aspect of trapezoid & conoid ligaments & vertical planes
acromion (between coracoid process & clavicle)  Some axial
 Articular disc. rotation

SCAPULOTHORACIC Not a usual joint Scapula moves on
JOINT thorax, on very loss
areola tissue (made up
of connective tissue &
fat)




LIGAMENTS OF GLENOHUMERAL JOINT
NAME ATTACHMENT FUNCTION

GLENOID LABRUM Outer rim of glenoid fossa Provides attachment for
(fibrocartilaginous rim) → Therefore, deepening it  Long head of biceps brachii (supraglenoid
tubercle)
 Long head of triceps brachii (infraglenoid
tubercle)

CORACOHUMERAL LIGAMENT Anterior surface of humerus & coracoid process  Reinforce anterior part of joint capsule
(located above glenohumeral ligaments)

GLENOHUMERAL LIGAMENTS Anterior surface of humerus & glenoid cavity  Reinforce anterior part of joint capsule
 3 sets of fibres: