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The theory of evolution

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The section "the theory of evolution" which falls under the larger section of 'Evolution" covered in Grade 12 IEB Life Science. These notes are all that is covered under this section as per the IEB SAGS

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The Theory
Thursday, 09 May 2019 09:57


Ø Simplest cell gave rise to the biodiversity of life Was Darwin wrong ?

The theory of evolution is that new species arise because there is Charles Darwin :
variation within population which allows survival. - explorer, naturalist.
- His father was a minister, very religious fa
Eg. Eventually genes are breed out if animals don’t survive in a particular
environment and so the better adapted genes will be passed onto those The origins of species book speaks about 3 thing
generations which reproduce 1. Life was old and had existed for millions o
2. It started out with a few simple organism
ORIGINS AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE THEORY 3. The process was driven by a force of natu

What is biological evolution? In the context of this time : creation seemed to

Process of change over the course of time Forms of evidence today
- Alteration of genotype (genetic mutations)
- Transfer of these genes to the next generation Ø When did life begin. Evidence in Australia
Fossilized structures which have been bui
Micro-evolution : small scale. Changes inherited in a population from one Scientists are confident because their anc
generation to the next Ø Species became increasingly complex and
Macro-evolution : large scale. New life forms/groups of organisms fossilized structures in Australia are the o
develop from pre-existing ones Ø Darwin said Natural selection created new
Speciation : development of one species into another new species Ø All large creatures, including us came from
far from apes. Living things evolved 1859
In order to develop a theory/idea scientists examine supporting evidence walking on land the transition of animals.
- Fossil record crocodile like fossil was found which bridg
- Biogeography (studying living things and their distribution on walked on land
earth). Eg. Continents were one and identical fossils in same area Ø An ape like creature started walking on 2

would have existed together, them separation etc. become human-like
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