INS3702 October November PORTFOLIO (COMPLETE ANSWERS) 2026 - DUE 19 October 2026

INS3702 October November PORTFOLIO (COMPLETE ANSWERS) 2026 - DUE 19 October 2026; 100% TRUSTED Complete, trusted solutions and explanations. For assistance, Whats-App 0.8.1..2.7.8..3.3.7.2... Ensure your success with us. A university collects students’ personal and academic information through an online registration system. Without informing the students, it shares some of the information with an external company, resulting in unsolicited marketing messages and unauthorised access. Which South African legislation primarily regulates the lawful collection, processing, sharing, storage, and protection of personal information? (1) A. Copyright Act 98 of 1978 B. Protection of Personal Information Act 4 of 2013 C. Legal Deposit Act 54 of 1997 D. Patents Act 57 of 1978 1.2 A university monitors students’ emails, internet searches, and library borrowing records to identify possible security threats. However, students are not informed about the monitoring, and no clear rules govern how the collected information may be accessed, used or retained. Which principle should guide the university’s monitoring practices? (1) A. Surveillance should be necessary, proportionate, transparent and subject to appropriate safeguards B. All institutional information should be made publicly accessible. C. Copyright owners should control students’ communication records. D. Digital information should be stored permanently. 1.3 A journalist requests a municipal report on expenditure for a housing project after concerns are raised about the use of public funds. The municipality refuses the request, stating only that the report is “for internal use”. The journalist argues that access to the report is necessary to determine whether the funds were properly managed. Which information-related concern is most directly raised by the municipality’s refusal to release the report? (1) A. The protection of intellectual property rights B. The long-term preservation of digital information C. The commercialisation of government information D. The public’s right of access to government information INS3702 OCT/NOV 2026 4 1.4 A government department stores citizens’ identity numbers, banking details, and social-grant records in an online database. A cyberattack exposes the records after the department fails to update its security systems and address known vulnerabilities. Which measure would have been most relevant to preventing or limiting the incident? (1) A. Restricting all public access to government websites B. Transferring ownership of the records to citizens C. Implementing appropriate information-security and risk-management controls D. Publishing of the records in printed format 1.5 A provincial government replaces most face-to-face services with an e-government portal. Rural communities struggle to use the portal because of unreliable internet connectivity, high data costs, and limited digital skills. Which information policy concern is demonstrated by the difficulties experienced by rural communities? (1) A. Excessive protection of intellectual property B. Duplication of government records C. Unequal access to information and digital services D. Commercial ownership of government information 1.6 A municipality deletes emails, procurement documents, and meeting records after one year to reduce digital storage costs. Some of these records are later required as evidence in an investigation into alleged corruption. Which concern is illustrated by the deletion of these records? (1) A. The development of appropriate records-retention and disposal requirements B. The protection of commercial trademarks C. The regulation of social media comments D. The promotion of digital publishing 1.7 A government department plans to introduce an information policy covering access, privacy, security, records management, and online communication. However, senior officials develop the policy without consulting employees, information professionals, or members of the public who use the department’s services. What is the primary weakness in the policy-development process? (1) A. The policy addresses too many information-related concerns B. The policy lacks consultation with the relevant stakeholders C. The policy gives too much attention to public services D. The policy should address only information technology INS3702 OCT/NOV 2026 5 1.8 A government department’s e-government portal is attacked after it fails to update its security software. Cybercriminals gain unauthorised access to citizens’ identity numbers, contact details, and banking information. Which action would have been most effective in reducing the risk of this cybersecurity breach? (1) A. Publishing more government information on the portal B. Increasing the number of citizens registered on the portal C. Transferring all government records to social media platforms D. Regularly updating security software and implementing strong access controls 1.9 A government department collects citizens’ data, stores it in an electronic database, and distributes service information through an online portal. Citizens access and use the information, but the department has no policies governing access, privacy, security, or the appropriate use of the information. Which element of the information circuit is not adequately addressed? (1) A. Production B. Storage C. Consumption D. Regulation 1.10 A university collects students’ assessment marks, attendance records, and learning-platform activity. Staff organise and interpret these data to identify students who may need academic support. Lecturers then combine the interpreted information with their professional experience to design appropriate interventions and make carefully considered decisions about supporting each student. Which framework is being demonstrated? (1) A. Information lifecycle model B. Data, Information, Knowledge and Wisdom hierarchy C. Information regulation model D. Digital preservation framework 1.11 A university introduces an online registration and learning system. While students in urban areas access the system easily, some students in rural communities struggle because of poor internet connectivity, high data costs, limited access to digital devices, and inadequate digital skills. Which concept is illustrated by the inequalities in accessing and using the online registration and learning system? (1) A. Information overload B. Digital preservation C. Digital divide D. Intellectual property INS3702 OCT/NOV 2026 6 1.12 A university researcher publishes an article resulting from publicly funded research. Instead of making the article available only through a subscription database, the researcher deposits it in the university’s institutional repository, where anyone can read and download it without paying a subscription fee. Which concept is illustrated by making the article freely available through the institutional repository? (1) A. Commercial publishing B. Open access C. Information surveillance D. Digital censorship 1.13 A university researcher publishes an article resulting from publicly funded research. Instead of making the article available only through a subscription database, the researcher deposits it in the university’s institutional repository, where anyone can read and download it without paying a subscription fee. Which statement best describes the approach followed by the researcher? (1) A. The researcher is commercialising the article by restricting it to paying users. B. The researcher is promoting open access by making the article freely available online. C. The researcher is protecting the article by preventing public access to it. D. The researcher is preserving the article without allowing others to use it. 1.14 A government department purchases software licences for its e-government portal. Several employees install the software on unauthorised computers and share the licence keys with other departments, contrary to the licensing agreement. What action should the department take to ensure compliance with the software licence? (1) A. Install the software only on authorised devices and comply with the licence terms B. Share the software freely because it is used for government services C. Upload the software to a public website for citizens to download D. Remove the name of the software developer from the program 1.15 A university introduces a new digital records management system to improve the storage and sharing of information. However, some employees continue to use personal filing methods and do not share information with colleagues because the organisation has traditionally encouraged departmental independence rather than collaboration. Which statement best explains the main challenge preventing employees from adopting shared information management practices? (1) A. The organisation lacks sufficient information to operate effectively. B. The organisational culture discourages employees from adopting shared information management practices. C. The digital system prevents employees from creating and storing records. D. The organisation’s information should be made freely available to the public. INS3702 OCT/NOV 2026 7 1.16 A government department uses social media to publish service-delivery updates, respond to citizens’ enquiries, and receive complaints. However, inaccurate information shared by users sometimes spreads rapidly, while some citizens are excluded because they lack internet access or digital skills. Which statement best describes the role of social media in government communication? (1) A. Social media guarantee that all government information is accurate and equally accessible to every citizen. B. Social media prevent citizens from communicating directly with government departments. C. Social media replace the need for all other government information-distribution channels. D. Social media enable rapid communication and citizen participation, but can also spread misinformation and reinforce digital inequality. 1.17 A university discovers that an unauthorised person gained access to its student database by exploiting a weakness in its security system. The intruder copied students’ identity numbers, contact details, and academic records without permission. Which statement best describes the incident? (1) A. The incident involves authorised access to information for legitimate institutional purposes. B. The incident involves hacking because someone gained unauthorised access to the university’s computer system and information. C. The incident involves open access because student records were made freely available online. D. The incident involves digital preservation because electronic records were copied and stored. 1.18 A student uses a wiki to obtain background information on a research topic, reads a blog containing the author’s personal views, and uses a search engine to locate additional online sources. The student assumes that all the information is equally reliable because it appears online. Which statement best explains how the student should use these information tools? (1) A. The student should regard all information found online as accurate and academically reliable. B. The student should evaluate the authorship, authority, evidence, currency, and purpose of information obtained through wikis, blogs, and search engines. C. The student should use search engines only because wikis and blogs do not contain useful information. D. The student should accept the information that appears first in the search results as the most reliable. INS3702 OCT/NOV 2026 8 1.19 A South African publishing company uses digital technologies to produce electronic textbooks and distribute them to customers in several countries. Its employees collaborate online with international authors and editors, while information systems support the rapid production, processing, and exchange of content across national borders. Which statement best explains these developments? (1) A. Globalisation limits the company’s operations to local markets, while informatisation reduces its dependence on information technologies. B. Globalisation prevents the international exchange of information, while informatisation promotes printed communication only. C. Globalisation connects the company to international markets, while informatisation increases its reliance on information and digital technologies. D. Globalisation and informatisation eliminate the need for information professionals and local information industries. 1.20 An e-government portal sends citizens frequent emails, text messages, and mobile notifications about public services. Many messages are repetitive, irrelevant or poorly organised, causing citizens to overlook important announcements and application deadlines. Which measure would be most effective in reducing information overload? (1) A. Organise and prioritise messages according to citizens’ needs and preferences B. Send the same information more frequently through every available platform C. Require citizens to read all government messages daily D. Remove all service delivery information from the portal [SCROLL TO THE NEXT PAGE] INS3702 OCT/NOV 2026 9 QUESTION 2 [30] Read the following scenario attentively and answer the questions that follow. A local government launches an e-government portal to improve communication with residents and promote transparency. Through the portal, it publishes municipal budgets, service-delivery performance reports, tender awards, and notices of planned water interruptions before citizens formally request this information. Journalists later analysed the published records and reported alleged irregularities in the awarding of a major water service contract. In response, the municipality disputes the allegations, issues public statements defending the procurement process, and releases selected financial documents to support its position. As criticism spreads online, the municipality instructs internet service providers to disclose information about individuals who are sharing the reports and requests social media platforms to remove posts that it claims contain false information and could provoke public unrest. Based on the above scenario: 2.1 Discuss the concept of e-government and its role in distributing government information to citizens. (10) 2.2 Discuss how proactive, defensive, and offensive government approaches shape the distribution of information through e-government platforms.