Nurs 615 Pharm Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers

Nurs 615 Pharm Exam 1
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers

Question 1.
What is a Black Box Warning:

Correct Answer: is considered a contraindication to administer that drug.


Question 2.
What is the drugs half-life?

Correct Answer: Half-life specifically means the amount of time it takes for an
administered drug to be halfway cleared from the system.


Question 3.
Peak of action:

Correct Answer: the time between drug administration and maximum
concentration of drug in the blood stream. Best therapeutic effect.


Question 4.
Duration of action:

Correct Answer: the time between onset of action and metabolism of drug
below the minimum needed for an effect. The length of time you have the
drug in your system.


Question 5.
According to the WHO what is the first step in the prescribing process?

Correct Answer: The first step is to define the patient's problem


Question 6.
The second step is to

Correct Answer: specify the therapeutic objective


Question 7.
The third step is to

Correct Answer: choose which drug or treatment is needed.


Question 8.
Step 4 of the WHO approach:

,Correct Answer: Start the treatment
• Step 5 of the WHO approach: -✓✓Educate the patient


Question 9.
Step 6 of the WHO approach:

Correct Answer: Monitor the treatment


Question 10.
Phase 1 of drug development:

Correct Answer: The drug is tested on healthy volunteers


Question 11.
Phase 2 of drug development:

Correct Answer: trials with people who have the disease for which the drug is
thought to be effective


Question 12.
Phase 3 of drug development:

Correct Answer: Large numbers of patients in medical research centers
receive the drug in phase 3. This larger sampling provides information about
infrequent or rare adverse effects. The FFA will approve a new drug
application if phase 3 studies are satisfactory.


Question 13.
Phase 4 of drug development:

Correct Answer: This phase is voluntary and involves postmarket surveillance
of the drug's therapeutic effects at the completion of phase
3. The pharmaceutical company receives reports from doctors and other
health care professionals about the therapeutic results and adverse effects of
the drug. Some medications, for example, have been found to be toxic and
have been removed from the market after their initial release.


Question 14.
Explain first pass metabolism

Correct Answer: much of the drug is lost in the absorption process. The liver
metabolizes many drugs, thus reduces the bioavailabilty of the drug.

, Question 15.
What is the fasted route of absorption:

Correct Answer: The fastest route of absorption is inhalation, and not as
mistakenly considered the IV administration.
• Why does the GI tract take longer to absorb? -✓✓The GI tract is lined with
epithelial cells; drugs must permeate through these cells in order to be
absorbed into the circulatory system.


Question 16.
What is One particular cellular barrier that may prevent absorption of a given drug?

Correct Answer: the cell membrane. Cell membranes are essentially lipid
bilayers which form a semipermeable membrane. Pure lipid bilayers are
generally permeable only to small and uncharged solutes, hence whether or
not a molecule is ionized will affect its absorption, since ionic molecules are
charged.


Question 17.
What is solubility?

Correct Answer: Solubility favors charged species, permeability favors neutral
species. Some molecules have special exchange proteins and channels to
facilitate movement from the lumen into the circulation.


Question 18.
Why does absorption occur at a slower rate for oral, IM, SQ routes?

Correct Answer: Absorption occurs at a slower rate because the complex
membrane systems of GI mucosal layers, muscle, and skin delay drug
passage.


Question 19.
The ability of a drug to cross a cell membrane depends on:

Correct Answer: whether the drug is water or lipid (fat) soluble. Lipid-soluble
drugs easily cross through cell membranes; water-soluble drugs can't.
Lipid-soluble drugs can also cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain.


Question 20.
As a drug travels through the body, it comes in contact with?

Correct Answer: proteins such as the plasma protein albumin. The drug can
remain free or bind to the protein. The portion of a drug that's bound to a
protein is inactive and can't exert a therapeutic effect. Only the free, or
unbound, portion remains active. A drug is said to be highly protein-bound if