NURS 615 Exam 3
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Question 1.
thiazide diuretics MOA .
Answer: hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthialidone
-work in the nephron by specifically inhibiting reabsorption in the distal
convoluted tubule of the nephron
-blood volume is decreased, lowering BP
-increased urine output
-long term therapy can result in vasodilation
Question 2.
thiazide diuretics adverse effects .
Answer: hypokalemia
fatigue
electrolyte depletion
dehydration
hypotension
hyponatremia
hyperglycemia
blood dyscrasia
Question 3.
angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors MOA .
Answer: lisinopril, enalapril, captopril, ramipril
-prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II which disrupts the
renin- angiotensin-aldosterone system
-intended effect is to reduce peripheral resistance and blood volume
Question 4.
ACE inhibitor adverse effects .
Answer: HA dizziness
hypotension
rash
cough
taste disturbances
angioedema
acute renal failure
agranulocytosis
first-dose phenomenon
, Question 5.
angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) MOA .
Answer: candesartan, losartan, valsartan
-block angiotensin II from binding to angiotensin II receptors
-reduce peripheral resistance by preventing the binding of angiotensin II,
preventing vasoconstriction
-also prevents production of aldosterone, limiting the reabsorption of Na and
fluid to decrease blood volume
-bradykinin not affected, so no cough
Question 6.
ARBs adverse effects .
Answer: HA
dizziness
orthostatic hypotension
rash
diarrhea
angioedema
acute renal failure first-dose phenomenon
fetal toxicity and neonatal mortality
Question 7.
calcium channel blockers MOA .
Answer: dihydropyridines: amlodipine, felodipine, isradipine, nifedipine
nondihydropyridines: diltiazem, verapamil
-work within the cells of the cardiac and vascular smooth muscles, the cell
membranes have Ca channels that allow the influx of Ca ions which stimulate
vasoconstriction
-prevents Ca from entering the arterial smooth muscle cells which promotes
relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and vasodilation
Question 8.
calcium channel blocker adverse effects .
Answer: flushed skin
HA
dizziness
peripheral edema
lightheadedness
nausea
constipation
fatigue/weakness
myalgia/arthralgia
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
Question 1.
thiazide diuretics MOA .
Answer: hydrochlorothiazide, chlorthialidone
-work in the nephron by specifically inhibiting reabsorption in the distal
convoluted tubule of the nephron
-blood volume is decreased, lowering BP
-increased urine output
-long term therapy can result in vasodilation
Question 2.
thiazide diuretics adverse effects .
Answer: hypokalemia
fatigue
electrolyte depletion
dehydration
hypotension
hyponatremia
hyperglycemia
blood dyscrasia
Question 3.
angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors MOA .
Answer: lisinopril, enalapril, captopril, ramipril
-prevents the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II which disrupts the
renin- angiotensin-aldosterone system
-intended effect is to reduce peripheral resistance and blood volume
Question 4.
ACE inhibitor adverse effects .
Answer: HA dizziness
hypotension
rash
cough
taste disturbances
angioedema
acute renal failure
agranulocytosis
first-dose phenomenon
, Question 5.
angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) MOA .
Answer: candesartan, losartan, valsartan
-block angiotensin II from binding to angiotensin II receptors
-reduce peripheral resistance by preventing the binding of angiotensin II,
preventing vasoconstriction
-also prevents production of aldosterone, limiting the reabsorption of Na and
fluid to decrease blood volume
-bradykinin not affected, so no cough
Question 6.
ARBs adverse effects .
Answer: HA
dizziness
orthostatic hypotension
rash
diarrhea
angioedema
acute renal failure first-dose phenomenon
fetal toxicity and neonatal mortality
Question 7.
calcium channel blockers MOA .
Answer: dihydropyridines: amlodipine, felodipine, isradipine, nifedipine
nondihydropyridines: diltiazem, verapamil
-work within the cells of the cardiac and vascular smooth muscles, the cell
membranes have Ca channels that allow the influx of Ca ions which stimulate
vasoconstriction
-prevents Ca from entering the arterial smooth muscle cells which promotes
relaxation of vascular smooth muscle and vasodilation
Question 8.
calcium channel blocker adverse effects .
Answer: flushed skin
HA
dizziness
peripheral edema
lightheadedness
nausea
constipation
fatigue/weakness
myalgia/arthralgia
