NSG 526 Exam 1 – Nursing Cheat Sheet &
Study Guide | Latest 2026/2027 Updated
Questions & Answers
First Principle of Psychotherapy - correct answer-Viewing a new patient as a
whole person with a unique personality and lifestyle, aiming to uncover personal
strengths.
Second Principle of Psychotherapy - correct answer-Requiring a good match
between the patient and the therapist, with strong rapport-building skills and
communication at the patient's level.
Common Myth in Psychotherapy - correct answer-Psychologists can read minds,
(behavior is complex and the actual problem faced by the patient may differ
significantly from the one initially described).
Assessment of Readiness to Change - correct answer-The therapist assessing each
patient, being attentive to signs of openness or resistance.
Patient's Desire for Change - correct answer-The assumption that patients deeply
desire change, despite any resistance exhibited, and the importance of cultivating
hope and encouraging positive change.
,Role of the Patient in Change - correct answer-The patient being responsible for
initiating and implementing change, while the therapist facilitates the process and
provides support.
Belief in Growth Potential - correct answer-Operating from the principle that each
person has the capacity for psychological growth, viewing problems as
opportunities for growth and believing in the potential for continuous
improvement.
Teaching Techniques and Procedures - correct answer-Therapists teaching to help
patients manage their issues, such as:
relaxation exercises,
scheduling positive activities,
challenging negative thinking patterns, and
learning social skills.
Activation/Inhibition Coordination - correct answer-Helping patients initiate
positive actions and thoughts while inhibiting blockages to change.
Hope in Psychotherapy - correct answer-The necessity for patients and therapists
to maintain hope, especially when therapists understand their patients and
therapy scientifically.
Understanding Patients for Instilling Hope - correct answer-Therapists who
understand their patients and therapy scientifically can better instill hope by
providing appropriate support and guidance.
,Four Core Principles in Ethical Reasoning in Healthcare - correct answer-
Autonomy, justice, beneficence, and nonmaleficence.
Fifth Core Principle in Ethical Reasoning Framework - correct answer-Fidelity,
added by Kitchener to the ethical reasoning framework.
Foundational Principles in Ethical Guidelines for Counselors - correct answer-
Considered vital in ethical guidelines for counselors.
Purpose of Reviewing Ethical Principles in Counseling - correct answer-To clarify
issues involved in a given situation.
Importance of Autonomy, Justice, Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, and Fidelity in
Counseling - correct answer-Vital for establishing a healthy counseling
relationship and understanding conflicting issues.
Principle of Autonomy - correct answer-Respect for independence and self-
determination, allowing individuals the freedom of choice and action.
Essence of the Autonomy Principle - correct answer-Allowing individuals the
freedom of choice and action, with the importance of helping clients understand
societal context and the ability to make sound decisions.
Justice in Ethical Counseling Practice - correct answer-Treating equals equally and
unequals unequally but in proportion to their relevant differences, including
providing accommodations and adaptations for individuals with disabilities.
, Beneficence in Counseling Practice - correct answer-The counselor's responsibility
to contribute to the welfare of the client.
Nonmaleficence in Ethical Counseling Practice - correct answer-The concept of
not causing harm to others, often summarized as 'do no harm,' reflecting the idea
of not inflicting intentional harm and not engaging in actions that risk harming
others.
Fidelity in Counseling Ethics - correct answer-Loyalty, faithfulness, and honoring
commitments within the therapeutic relationship, ensuring trust and faith in the
therapeutic relationship, facilitating growth for the client.
Examining Ethical Dilemmas in Counseling - correct answer-To understand how
ethical principles apply to specific cases, working through the steps of an ethical
decision-making model, typically involving seven steps and considering multiple
perspectives.
Ethical Decision-Making Model - correct answer-Involving seven steps,
considering the worldview of clients and others affected by the decision, and
incorporating works by various authors into the model.
Importance of Multiple Perspectives in Ethical Decision-Making - correct answer-
To ensure fairness and inclusivity in the decision-making process.
First Step in the Ethical Decision-Making Model - correct answer-Identifying the
problem, gathering specific and objective facts, and asking specific questions to
clarify the ethical, legal, professional, or clinical nature of the problem.
Study Guide | Latest 2026/2027 Updated
Questions & Answers
First Principle of Psychotherapy - correct answer-Viewing a new patient as a
whole person with a unique personality and lifestyle, aiming to uncover personal
strengths.
Second Principle of Psychotherapy - correct answer-Requiring a good match
between the patient and the therapist, with strong rapport-building skills and
communication at the patient's level.
Common Myth in Psychotherapy - correct answer-Psychologists can read minds,
(behavior is complex and the actual problem faced by the patient may differ
significantly from the one initially described).
Assessment of Readiness to Change - correct answer-The therapist assessing each
patient, being attentive to signs of openness or resistance.
Patient's Desire for Change - correct answer-The assumption that patients deeply
desire change, despite any resistance exhibited, and the importance of cultivating
hope and encouraging positive change.
,Role of the Patient in Change - correct answer-The patient being responsible for
initiating and implementing change, while the therapist facilitates the process and
provides support.
Belief in Growth Potential - correct answer-Operating from the principle that each
person has the capacity for psychological growth, viewing problems as
opportunities for growth and believing in the potential for continuous
improvement.
Teaching Techniques and Procedures - correct answer-Therapists teaching to help
patients manage their issues, such as:
relaxation exercises,
scheduling positive activities,
challenging negative thinking patterns, and
learning social skills.
Activation/Inhibition Coordination - correct answer-Helping patients initiate
positive actions and thoughts while inhibiting blockages to change.
Hope in Psychotherapy - correct answer-The necessity for patients and therapists
to maintain hope, especially when therapists understand their patients and
therapy scientifically.
Understanding Patients for Instilling Hope - correct answer-Therapists who
understand their patients and therapy scientifically can better instill hope by
providing appropriate support and guidance.
,Four Core Principles in Ethical Reasoning in Healthcare - correct answer-
Autonomy, justice, beneficence, and nonmaleficence.
Fifth Core Principle in Ethical Reasoning Framework - correct answer-Fidelity,
added by Kitchener to the ethical reasoning framework.
Foundational Principles in Ethical Guidelines for Counselors - correct answer-
Considered vital in ethical guidelines for counselors.
Purpose of Reviewing Ethical Principles in Counseling - correct answer-To clarify
issues involved in a given situation.
Importance of Autonomy, Justice, Beneficence, Nonmaleficence, and Fidelity in
Counseling - correct answer-Vital for establishing a healthy counseling
relationship and understanding conflicting issues.
Principle of Autonomy - correct answer-Respect for independence and self-
determination, allowing individuals the freedom of choice and action.
Essence of the Autonomy Principle - correct answer-Allowing individuals the
freedom of choice and action, with the importance of helping clients understand
societal context and the ability to make sound decisions.
Justice in Ethical Counseling Practice - correct answer-Treating equals equally and
unequals unequally but in proportion to their relevant differences, including
providing accommodations and adaptations for individuals with disabilities.
, Beneficence in Counseling Practice - correct answer-The counselor's responsibility
to contribute to the welfare of the client.
Nonmaleficence in Ethical Counseling Practice - correct answer-The concept of
not causing harm to others, often summarized as 'do no harm,' reflecting the idea
of not inflicting intentional harm and not engaging in actions that risk harming
others.
Fidelity in Counseling Ethics - correct answer-Loyalty, faithfulness, and honoring
commitments within the therapeutic relationship, ensuring trust and faith in the
therapeutic relationship, facilitating growth for the client.
Examining Ethical Dilemmas in Counseling - correct answer-To understand how
ethical principles apply to specific cases, working through the steps of an ethical
decision-making model, typically involving seven steps and considering multiple
perspectives.
Ethical Decision-Making Model - correct answer-Involving seven steps,
considering the worldview of clients and others affected by the decision, and
incorporating works by various authors into the model.
Importance of Multiple Perspectives in Ethical Decision-Making - correct answer-
To ensure fairness and inclusivity in the decision-making process.
First Step in the Ethical Decision-Making Model - correct answer-Identifying the
problem, gathering specific and objective facts, and asking specific questions to
clarify the ethical, legal, professional, or clinical nature of the problem.
