UNITEK LVN TERM 1 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
COMPLETE TEST BANK WITH 500 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS WITH EXPLANATION |LATEST UPDATE 2026|
Section 1: Foundations of Nursing & Legal/Ethical Principles (Questions 1–100)
1. Florence Nightingale is best known for which contribution to nursing?
A. Developing the first nursing licensure examination
B. Establishing the environmental theory of nursing and founding modern nursing
education
C. Creating the first nursing union for workplace rights
D. Inventing the stethoscope for patient assessment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nightingale founded modern nursing and established the
environmental theory emphasizing clean air, water, sanitation, light, and noise
control to promote healing.
2. According to Virginia Henderson, the unique function of the nurse is to:
A. Administer medications and treatments as ordered
B. Assist individuals in performing activities contributing to health that they would
perform unaided if they had the strength, will, or knowledge
C. Manage the hospital unit and supervise ancillary staff
D. Perform diagnostic procedures and interpret laboratory results
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Henderson defined nursing as assisting individuals with 14 basic needs
to promote independence.
3. Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory identifies which nursing system for a
patient completely unable to perform self-care?
A. Supportive-educative system
B. Partly compensatory system
C. Wholly compensatory system
D. Collaborative care system
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orem's wholly compensatory system is used when the patient cannot
perform any self-care activities.
4. The nursing process follows which correct sequence?
A. Planning, Implementation, Assessment, Diagnosis, Evaluation
B. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C. Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Evaluation, Implementation
D. Implementation, Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Evaluation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing process follows ADPIE: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Implementation, Evaluation.
,5. Maslow's hierarchy of needs places which need at the foundational level?
A. Self-esteem
B. Safety and security
C. Love and belonging
D. Physiological needs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Physiological needs (oxygen, water, food, shelter, sleep, elimination)
form the foundation of Maslow's pyramid.
6. A 78-year-old patient with diabetes is admitted for wound care. The LVN notes
the patient is anxious, has uncontrolled pain, and has not eaten in 12 hours. Using
Maslow's hierarchy, which need should the LVN address FIRST?
A. Pain control, because psychosocial needs take priority
B. Nutrition, because the patient has not eaten
C. Wound care, because the admitting diagnosis is the primary focus
D. Pain control, because uncontrolled pain is a physiological need that must be
addressed before higher-level needs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Uncontrolled pain is an immediate physiological threat that must be
addressed first according to Maslow's hierarchy.
7. A patient refuses a scheduled blood transfusion based on religious beliefs. The
family insists the transfusion must be given. What is the LVN's MOST appropriate
action?
, A. Follow the family's wishes because they are next of kin
B. Administer the transfusion as ordered because it is life-saving
C. Notify the RN and provider immediately, document the refusal, and respect the
patient's autonomous right to refuse treatment
D. Ask the charge nurse to convince the patient to accept the transfusion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patient autonomy is a fundamental ethical principle. A competent
adult has the legal right to refuse treatment.
8. During a simulation lab, a standardized patient who just received a terminal
cancer diagnosis state, "I don't know how my children will manage without me."
Which response demonstrates the BEST therapeutic communication technique?
A. "Don't worry, your children are resilient and will be fine."
B. "You sound concerned about how your children will cope after you're gone. Tell
me more about that."
C. "Let's focus on your treatment plan instead of worrying about the future."
D. "Many patients feel this way, but you need to stay positive for your family."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This response uses reflection and an open-ended invitation to explore
feelings without false reassurance.
9. An LVN is reviewing a medication administration record (MAR) and notices an
order for "Digoxin 0.25 mg PO daily." The patient's apical pulse is 58 bpm. What
should the LVN do FIRST?
A. Administer the digoxin as ordered
COMPLETE TEST BANK WITH 500 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS WITH EXPLANATION |LATEST UPDATE 2026|
Section 1: Foundations of Nursing & Legal/Ethical Principles (Questions 1–100)
1. Florence Nightingale is best known for which contribution to nursing?
A. Developing the first nursing licensure examination
B. Establishing the environmental theory of nursing and founding modern nursing
education
C. Creating the first nursing union for workplace rights
D. Inventing the stethoscope for patient assessment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nightingale founded modern nursing and established the
environmental theory emphasizing clean air, water, sanitation, light, and noise
control to promote healing.
2. According to Virginia Henderson, the unique function of the nurse is to:
A. Administer medications and treatments as ordered
B. Assist individuals in performing activities contributing to health that they would
perform unaided if they had the strength, will, or knowledge
C. Manage the hospital unit and supervise ancillary staff
D. Perform diagnostic procedures and interpret laboratory results
,Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Henderson defined nursing as assisting individuals with 14 basic needs
to promote independence.
3. Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory identifies which nursing system for a
patient completely unable to perform self-care?
A. Supportive-educative system
B. Partly compensatory system
C. Wholly compensatory system
D. Collaborative care system
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Orem's wholly compensatory system is used when the patient cannot
perform any self-care activities.
4. The nursing process follows which correct sequence?
A. Planning, Implementation, Assessment, Diagnosis, Evaluation
B. Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
C. Diagnosis, Assessment, Planning, Evaluation, Implementation
D. Implementation, Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Evaluation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nursing process follows ADPIE: Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning,
Implementation, Evaluation.
,5. Maslow's hierarchy of needs places which need at the foundational level?
A. Self-esteem
B. Safety and security
C. Love and belonging
D. Physiological needs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Physiological needs (oxygen, water, food, shelter, sleep, elimination)
form the foundation of Maslow's pyramid.
6. A 78-year-old patient with diabetes is admitted for wound care. The LVN notes
the patient is anxious, has uncontrolled pain, and has not eaten in 12 hours. Using
Maslow's hierarchy, which need should the LVN address FIRST?
A. Pain control, because psychosocial needs take priority
B. Nutrition, because the patient has not eaten
C. Wound care, because the admitting diagnosis is the primary focus
D. Pain control, because uncontrolled pain is a physiological need that must be
addressed before higher-level needs
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Uncontrolled pain is an immediate physiological threat that must be
addressed first according to Maslow's hierarchy.
7. A patient refuses a scheduled blood transfusion based on religious beliefs. The
family insists the transfusion must be given. What is the LVN's MOST appropriate
action?
, A. Follow the family's wishes because they are next of kin
B. Administer the transfusion as ordered because it is life-saving
C. Notify the RN and provider immediately, document the refusal, and respect the
patient's autonomous right to refuse treatment
D. Ask the charge nurse to convince the patient to accept the transfusion
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Patient autonomy is a fundamental ethical principle. A competent
adult has the legal right to refuse treatment.
8. During a simulation lab, a standardized patient who just received a terminal
cancer diagnosis state, "I don't know how my children will manage without me."
Which response demonstrates the BEST therapeutic communication technique?
A. "Don't worry, your children are resilient and will be fine."
B. "You sound concerned about how your children will cope after you're gone. Tell
me more about that."
C. "Let's focus on your treatment plan instead of worrying about the future."
D. "Many patients feel this way, but you need to stay positive for your family."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This response uses reflection and an open-ended invitation to explore
feelings without false reassurance.
9. An LVN is reviewing a medication administration record (MAR) and notices an
order for "Digoxin 0.25 mg PO daily." The patient's apical pulse is 58 bpm. What
should the LVN do FIRST?
A. Administer the digoxin as ordered
