NR 566 ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 3 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT |
GRADE A+
1. A patient with Type 2 Diabetes has a GFR of 28 mL/min/1.73m2. Which of the following
statements regarding Metformin therapy is most accurate?
A. Metformin can be continued at a reduced dose of 500mg daily.
B. Metformin is contraindicated in patients with a GFR below 30.
C. Metformin dose should be adjusted based on peak serum levels.
D. Metformin is the drug of choice regardless of renal function.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Metformin is contraindicated in patients with an eGFR below 30
mL/min/1.73m2 due to the increased risk of lactic acidosis.
2. When educating a patient on the administration of Levothyroxine, the nurse practitioner
should emphasize taking the medication:
A. On an empty stomach, at least 30-60 minutes before breakfast.
B. At bedtime with a glass of warm milk.
C. With a high-fiber breakfast to improve transit.
,D. Immediately following the largest meal of the day.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Levothyroxine absorption is best on an empty stomach, usually
30-60 minutes before the first meal of the day.
3. Which of the following is a potential life-threatening side effect of Methimazole that
requires immediate reporting?
A. Agranulocytosis
B. Weight gain
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Tachycardia
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Agranulocytosis is a rare but severe side effect of thionamides
like Methimazole; patients should report sore throat or fever immediately.
4. Propylthiouracil (PTU) is preferred over Methimazole in which clinical scenario?
A. In pediatric patients under the age of 12.
B. In patients with chronic liver failure.
C. For long-term maintenance of Graves’ disease.
D. During the first trimester of pregnancy.
, Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: PTU is generally preferred in the first trimester of pregnancy
because Methimazole is associated with birth defects like aplasia cutis.
5. A patient is prescribed Liraglutide (Victoza). The nurse practitioner must screen the patient
for a personal or family history of:
A. Type 1 Diabetes
B. Hypoparathyroidism
C. Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
D. Pheochromocytoma
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: GLP-1 receptor agonists like Liraglutide carry a Black Box
Warning regarding the risk of thyroid C-cell tumors and Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.
6. Which mechanism of action describes SGLT2 inhibitors like Canagliflozin?
A. Increasing insulin sensitivity in the muscle and fat.
B. Inhibiting the enzyme that breaks down incretins.
C. Promoting glucose excretion via the kidneys.
D. Slowing gastric emptying and suppressing glucagon.
Answer: C
EXAM 3 PRACTICE QUESTIONS AND
VERIFIED ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT |
GRADE A+
1. A patient with Type 2 Diabetes has a GFR of 28 mL/min/1.73m2. Which of the following
statements regarding Metformin therapy is most accurate?
A. Metformin can be continued at a reduced dose of 500mg daily.
B. Metformin is contraindicated in patients with a GFR below 30.
C. Metformin dose should be adjusted based on peak serum levels.
D. Metformin is the drug of choice regardless of renal function.
Answer: B
Conceptual Explanation: Metformin is contraindicated in patients with an eGFR below 30
mL/min/1.73m2 due to the increased risk of lactic acidosis.
2. When educating a patient on the administration of Levothyroxine, the nurse practitioner
should emphasize taking the medication:
A. On an empty stomach, at least 30-60 minutes before breakfast.
B. At bedtime with a glass of warm milk.
C. With a high-fiber breakfast to improve transit.
,D. Immediately following the largest meal of the day.
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Levothyroxine absorption is best on an empty stomach, usually
30-60 minutes before the first meal of the day.
3. Which of the following is a potential life-threatening side effect of Methimazole that
requires immediate reporting?
A. Agranulocytosis
B. Weight gain
C. Hypercalcemia
D. Tachycardia
Answer: A
Conceptual Explanation: Agranulocytosis is a rare but severe side effect of thionamides
like Methimazole; patients should report sore throat or fever immediately.
4. Propylthiouracil (PTU) is preferred over Methimazole in which clinical scenario?
A. In pediatric patients under the age of 12.
B. In patients with chronic liver failure.
C. For long-term maintenance of Graves’ disease.
D. During the first trimester of pregnancy.
, Answer: D
Conceptual Explanation: PTU is generally preferred in the first trimester of pregnancy
because Methimazole is associated with birth defects like aplasia cutis.
5. A patient is prescribed Liraglutide (Victoza). The nurse practitioner must screen the patient
for a personal or family history of:
A. Type 1 Diabetes
B. Hypoparathyroidism
C. Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
D. Pheochromocytoma
Answer: C
Conceptual Explanation: GLP-1 receptor agonists like Liraglutide carry a Black Box
Warning regarding the risk of thyroid C-cell tumors and Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.
6. Which mechanism of action describes SGLT2 inhibitors like Canagliflozin?
A. Increasing insulin sensitivity in the muscle and fat.
B. Inhibiting the enzyme that breaks down incretins.
C. Promoting glucose excretion via the kidneys.
D. Slowing gastric emptying and suppressing glucagon.
Answer: C
