Emergency Care in the Streets Chapter 16 Respiratory Emergencies – New 2025 Study Guide, EMS Practice Review & Exam Preparation

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EMERGENCY CARE IN THE STREETS
CHAPTER 16 RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES
[NEW 2025 UPDATE] REVISED EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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Alveoli
______ are the tiny saclike units in which gas exchange occurs




Trachea, 4-5"
The trunk of the tracheobronchial tree is the _____, or windpipe, which carries air
to the lungs. The trachea extends about ____-____", from the larynx to the left
and right mainstem bronchi




Carina, 5th
The ridgelike point at which the tracheal cartilage bifurcates is called the ______.
It is roughly the level of the ____ intercostal space




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Right, left, right
In adults, the ______ mainstem bronchus typically branches at a less acute angle
than the _____. This explains why an ET tube advanced to far almost always ends
up in the ______ mainstem bronchus, as well as aspirated materials




3, 2
The right lung has ____ lobes, the left has ____ lobes




Dead space
All airways that do not participate in gas exchange represent _____ _____




Bronchioles
Gas transfer is most efficient in the alveoli, but a significant amount is also
exchanged across the respiratory ______




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Parenchyma
Once foreign material reaches the terminal bronchioles and alveoli, parts of the
lung collectively known as the lung _______, it may never come out. Common
substances include coal dust, asbestos fibers, and contaminants in cigarette
smoke




Smooth
Bronchoconstriction occurs when the _____ muscle narrows the larger airways




Constriction
Wheezing that resolves with administration of bronchodilator medication was
probably caused by the _______ of the smooth muscle




Deeper
Wheezing not resolved by bronchodilator medications may have been caused by a
pathologic condition ______ in the tracheobronchial tree




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Pulmonary artery
Blood flows from the heart to the lungs via the _____ _____, which branches into
smaller arteries, arterioles, and finally capillaries




Bases, apices
The lung bases have more capillaries than the apices do, so more gas exchange
takes place between the lung ______ and the circulatory system than between
the ______ and the circulatory system




Bases, apices
Problems in the ______ of lungs impair ventilation more than do problems
affecting the ______




RBCs
People with chronic lung disease and chronic hypoxia often generate a surplus of
_____ over time, which makes their blood thick




Polycythemia, right




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