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HESI EXIT PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM
Vasodilation (Drop in BP)
Increased Vascular permeability & leaky capillaries
WBC adhesion & diapedesis
Inflammation
Redness
Heat
Swelling
Pain
Signs of Inflammation
Produced by macrophages & lymphocytes
Enhances the adaptive immune response
Interleukins
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Proteins that primarily protect against viral infection and modulate inflammation (does
not kill viruses, protects cells from being infected)
Interferons
Fever
Increases proinflammatory proteins by the liver
Cachexia (muscle wasting)
Shock with gram (-) bacteria
TNF-alpha effects
Fever
Leukocytosis
Plasma protein synthesis
Systemic Signs of inflammation
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Increased lymphocyte and macrophage
Lasts longer than 2 weeks
Presence of giant cells
Chronic Inflammation
complete return to normal structure and function
Regeneration
returns injured tissues to an approximation of their original structure
Resolution
replacement of destroyed tissue with scar tissue, not as strong as original tissue
Repair
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when an approximated wound pulls apart at the suture line
Dehiscence
Wound edges are approximated until healing occurs
Primary Intention (1st intention)
Occurs when wounds that have tissue loss and require gradual filling in of dead space
with connective tissue. Wounds left open
Secondary Intention
Wounds left open intentionally to remove debris and then approximated
Third (tertiary)
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HESI EXIT PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM
Vasodilation (Drop in BP)
Increased Vascular permeability & leaky capillaries
WBC adhesion & diapedesis
Inflammation
Redness
Heat
Swelling
Pain
Signs of Inflammation
Produced by macrophages & lymphocytes
Enhances the adaptive immune response
Interleukins
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Proteins that primarily protect against viral infection and modulate inflammation (does
not kill viruses, protects cells from being infected)
Interferons
Fever
Increases proinflammatory proteins by the liver
Cachexia (muscle wasting)
Shock with gram (-) bacteria
TNF-alpha effects
Fever
Leukocytosis
Plasma protein synthesis
Systemic Signs of inflammation
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Increased lymphocyte and macrophage
Lasts longer than 2 weeks
Presence of giant cells
Chronic Inflammation
complete return to normal structure and function
Regeneration
returns injured tissues to an approximation of their original structure
Resolution
replacement of destroyed tissue with scar tissue, not as strong as original tissue
Repair
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when an approximated wound pulls apart at the suture line
Dehiscence
Wound edges are approximated until healing occurs
Primary Intention (1st intention)
Occurs when wounds that have tissue loss and require gradual filling in of dead space
with connective tissue. Wounds left open
Secondary Intention
Wounds left open intentionally to remove debris and then approximated
Third (tertiary)
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