NURS 615 Exam II Verified Exam Questions and
Answers 2026/2027
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Terms in this set (44)
What blood values should be Plasma carbamazepine levels should be monitored on
monitored with carbamazepine? a regular basis. The therapeutic range is 4 to 12 mcg/L.
Higher levels can lead to toxic symptoms consisting
of initial adverse effects and also hypertension,
tachycardia, ECG changes, stupor, agitation,
nystagmus, urinary retention, respiratory depression,
seizures, and coma. Children and elderly patient may
develop toxicity levels below 12.
CBC every 3 to 4 months
Affects RBC, WBC, Platelets
Agranulocytosis, Anemia
,What is the pharmacodynamics of Carbamazepine is metabolized in the liver and has the
carbamazepine? unique ability to induce its own metabolism
(autoinduction). Due to autoinduction, initial
concentrations within therapeutic range may later fall
despite good compliance. It also induces the
metabolism of many CYP450 enzymes and other
substances. Slowly but well absorbed half life of
about 30 hours, shortens to 15 hours when given
repeatedly
The exact mechanism of action of carbamazepine is
not known, but they are thought to affect the sodium
channels, slowing influx of sodium in the cortical
neurons and slowing the spread of abnormal activity.
Carbamazepine exerts its effect by depressing
transmission in the nucleus ventralis anterior of the
thalamus. This area is associated with the spread of
seizure discharge.
•Absorption and Distribution
Carbamazepine is absorbed through the stomach, the
suspension being absorbed more quickly than the
tablet form. Absorption from the immediate-release
tablets is slow and erratic because of its slow water
solubility. The drug is highly lipophilic, resulting in high
body tissue binding.
•Metabolism and Excretion
Excretion is through feces and urine.
Average blood levels of carbamazepine occur
approximately 6 hours after administration. Half-life
can be as long as 65 hours with initial dosing, but is
typically 12 to 17 hours as administration continues. It is
, noteworthy that the half-life after a single dose is
much longer than the half-life after long-term use.
Steady state is attained in 2 to 4 days.
What should families be taught Patients should be monitored for seizure activity,
regarding the monitoring of seizure severity, and duration. Patient should carry medical
activity? identification for the seizure disorder. Patient should
report any mood changes or suicidal thoughts.
Prevention of seizures. Do not abruptly end
medication increases risk of seizures
What electrolyte imbalance is noted Patients taking topiramate may have decreased
with the administration of topiramate? concentrations of bicarbonate due to inhibition of
carbonic anhydrase and increased renal bicarbonate
loss, leading to hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis.
Severe metabolic acidosis has been reported in
infants receiving a topiramate dose of 5mg/kg/day.
Serum bicarbonate levels should be monitored at
baseline and periodically throughout therapy.
What is the pregnancy category for Pregnancy Category X.
valproate?
Answers 2026/2027
Play your way to mastery with fun games
Match Blocks Charms NEW
Terms in this set (44)
What blood values should be Plasma carbamazepine levels should be monitored on
monitored with carbamazepine? a regular basis. The therapeutic range is 4 to 12 mcg/L.
Higher levels can lead to toxic symptoms consisting
of initial adverse effects and also hypertension,
tachycardia, ECG changes, stupor, agitation,
nystagmus, urinary retention, respiratory depression,
seizures, and coma. Children and elderly patient may
develop toxicity levels below 12.
CBC every 3 to 4 months
Affects RBC, WBC, Platelets
Agranulocytosis, Anemia
,What is the pharmacodynamics of Carbamazepine is metabolized in the liver and has the
carbamazepine? unique ability to induce its own metabolism
(autoinduction). Due to autoinduction, initial
concentrations within therapeutic range may later fall
despite good compliance. It also induces the
metabolism of many CYP450 enzymes and other
substances. Slowly but well absorbed half life of
about 30 hours, shortens to 15 hours when given
repeatedly
The exact mechanism of action of carbamazepine is
not known, but they are thought to affect the sodium
channels, slowing influx of sodium in the cortical
neurons and slowing the spread of abnormal activity.
Carbamazepine exerts its effect by depressing
transmission in the nucleus ventralis anterior of the
thalamus. This area is associated with the spread of
seizure discharge.
•Absorption and Distribution
Carbamazepine is absorbed through the stomach, the
suspension being absorbed more quickly than the
tablet form. Absorption from the immediate-release
tablets is slow and erratic because of its slow water
solubility. The drug is highly lipophilic, resulting in high
body tissue binding.
•Metabolism and Excretion
Excretion is through feces and urine.
Average blood levels of carbamazepine occur
approximately 6 hours after administration. Half-life
can be as long as 65 hours with initial dosing, but is
typically 12 to 17 hours as administration continues. It is
, noteworthy that the half-life after a single dose is
much longer than the half-life after long-term use.
Steady state is attained in 2 to 4 days.
What should families be taught Patients should be monitored for seizure activity,
regarding the monitoring of seizure severity, and duration. Patient should carry medical
activity? identification for the seizure disorder. Patient should
report any mood changes or suicidal thoughts.
Prevention of seizures. Do not abruptly end
medication increases risk of seizures
What electrolyte imbalance is noted Patients taking topiramate may have decreased
with the administration of topiramate? concentrations of bicarbonate due to inhibition of
carbonic anhydrase and increased renal bicarbonate
loss, leading to hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis.
Severe metabolic acidosis has been reported in
infants receiving a topiramate dose of 5mg/kg/day.
Serum bicarbonate levels should be monitored at
baseline and periodically throughout therapy.
What is the pregnancy category for Pregnancy Category X.
valproate?
