NR 507 final Exam (advanced pathophysiology ) Questions with
Verified Answers (Correct Update)
Question 1: Fat Soluble Hormones
Answer: Steroids
Question 2: Water Soluble Hormones
Answer: Need 2nd Messenger to transport across phospholipid membranes
Question 3: Pituitary Hormones
Answer: TSH, GH, ACTH, FSH, LH, Oxytocin, ADH, Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone
Question 4: Anterior Pituitary
Answer: Acct for 75% of total weight of pituitary gland. Three regions, pars distalis, parts tuberalis, and
pars intermedia. Pars distalis is major component of Anterior Pituitary and source of Anterior Pituitary
Hormones.
Question 5: Posterior Pituitary (neurohypophysis)
Answer: Arises from 3rd ventricle of brain, consists of three parts, median eminence, pituitary stalk, and
infundibular process (pars nervosa or neural tube). Median eminence is composed mainly of nerve
endings of axons that arise primarily from ventral hypothalamus.
Question 6: Hypothalamic releasing Hormones in Posterior pituitary's median eminence.
Answer: Includes 10 hypothalamic releasing hormones and neurotransmitters such as dopamine,
norepinephrine, serotonin, acetylcholine, and histamine.
Question 7: Pituitary stalk
Answer: contains axons of neurons that originate in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the
hypothalamus.
Question 8: Hormones of posterior pituitary
Answer: ADH, and Oxytocin (Peptide Hormones)
Question 9: ADH (antidiuretic Hormone)
Answer: Major homeostatic function of posterior pituitary is control of plasma osmolality, as regulated
by ADH
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, Question 10: Hypothalamic hormones and target tissues (Hypophysiotropic hormones)
Answer: HORMONES: Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH), Gonadotropoin-releasing hormone
(GnRH), Somatostatin, Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), corticotropin-releasing hormone
(CRH), Substance P, Dopamine, Prolactin-releasing factor. TARGET Tissue: Anterior Pituitary
Question 11: Somatostatin
Answer: Inhibits release of growth hormone and TSH
Question 12: Gonadotropoin-releasing hormone
Answer: Stimulates release of FSH and LH
Question 13: Dopamine
Answer: Inhibits synthesis and secretion of prolactin
Question 14: Prolactin-releasing factor (PRF)
Answer: Stimulate secretion of prolactin
Question 15: Tropic Hormones of Anterior Pituitary and their function
Answer: ACTH, Melanocyte-stimulating Hormone (MSH, Somatotropic hormones, GH, prolactin, LH,
TSH, FSH, glycoprotein hormones
Question 16: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Answer: SECRETORY CELL TYPE: Corticotropic TARGET ORGANS: Adrenal Gland (cortex)
FUNCTIONS: Increased steroidogenesis (cortisol, and androgenic hormones
Question 17: Prolactin,
Answer: Milk production
Question 18: TSH
Answer: Increased production and secretion of thyroid hormone
Question 19: Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Answer: Ovulation, progesterone production (in glanulosa cells)
Question 20: Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Answer: Follicle maturation, estrogen production (In Women: Granulosa Cells, In Men: Sertoli Cells)
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Verified Answers (Correct Update)
Question 1: Fat Soluble Hormones
Answer: Steroids
Question 2: Water Soluble Hormones
Answer: Need 2nd Messenger to transport across phospholipid membranes
Question 3: Pituitary Hormones
Answer: TSH, GH, ACTH, FSH, LH, Oxytocin, ADH, Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone
Question 4: Anterior Pituitary
Answer: Acct for 75% of total weight of pituitary gland. Three regions, pars distalis, parts tuberalis, and
pars intermedia. Pars distalis is major component of Anterior Pituitary and source of Anterior Pituitary
Hormones.
Question 5: Posterior Pituitary (neurohypophysis)
Answer: Arises from 3rd ventricle of brain, consists of three parts, median eminence, pituitary stalk, and
infundibular process (pars nervosa or neural tube). Median eminence is composed mainly of nerve
endings of axons that arise primarily from ventral hypothalamus.
Question 6: Hypothalamic releasing Hormones in Posterior pituitary's median eminence.
Answer: Includes 10 hypothalamic releasing hormones and neurotransmitters such as dopamine,
norepinephrine, serotonin, acetylcholine, and histamine.
Question 7: Pituitary stalk
Answer: contains axons of neurons that originate in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the
hypothalamus.
Question 8: Hormones of posterior pituitary
Answer: ADH, and Oxytocin (Peptide Hormones)
Question 9: ADH (antidiuretic Hormone)
Answer: Major homeostatic function of posterior pituitary is control of plasma osmolality, as regulated
by ADH
Page 1
, Question 10: Hypothalamic hormones and target tissues (Hypophysiotropic hormones)
Answer: HORMONES: Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH), Gonadotropoin-releasing hormone
(GnRH), Somatostatin, Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), corticotropin-releasing hormone
(CRH), Substance P, Dopamine, Prolactin-releasing factor. TARGET Tissue: Anterior Pituitary
Question 11: Somatostatin
Answer: Inhibits release of growth hormone and TSH
Question 12: Gonadotropoin-releasing hormone
Answer: Stimulates release of FSH and LH
Question 13: Dopamine
Answer: Inhibits synthesis and secretion of prolactin
Question 14: Prolactin-releasing factor (PRF)
Answer: Stimulate secretion of prolactin
Question 15: Tropic Hormones of Anterior Pituitary and their function
Answer: ACTH, Melanocyte-stimulating Hormone (MSH, Somatotropic hormones, GH, prolactin, LH,
TSH, FSH, glycoprotein hormones
Question 16: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Answer: SECRETORY CELL TYPE: Corticotropic TARGET ORGANS: Adrenal Gland (cortex)
FUNCTIONS: Increased steroidogenesis (cortisol, and androgenic hormones
Question 17: Prolactin,
Answer: Milk production
Question 18: TSH
Answer: Increased production and secretion of thyroid hormone
Question 19: Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Answer: Ovulation, progesterone production (in glanulosa cells)
Question 20: Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Answer: Follicle maturation, estrogen production (In Women: Granulosa Cells, In Men: Sertoli Cells)
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