NURS 615 Exam 2 Maryville University of Saint Louis | Questions with 100% Verified Answers | Latest Update

NURS 615 Exam 2 Maryville University of Saint Louis | Questions with 100%
Verified Answers | Latest Update
Question: Benzodiazepines act at what receptor?
Answer:
Act at GABA receptor by increases GABA which decreases firing of neurons

Question: What indications do benzos have?
Answer:
Muscle relaxation, ataxia, anticonvulsant

Question: Alprazolam: Mechanism of action
Answer:
enhances the effect of GABA at the GABA-A receptor increasing chloride ion conductance, resulting in
neuronal hyperpolarization and CNS depression

Question: Alprazolam clinical effects
Answer:
reduces anxiety and panic symptoms, induces sedation and muscle relaxation, has anticonvulsant
properties at higher doses

Question: Alprazolam: Specific side effects
Answer:
Dependence, sedation, fatigue, dizziness, ataxia, memory impairment, emotional blunting, hypotension,
respiratory depression, confusion

Question: Lorazepam: Mechanism of action
Answer:
potentiates the effects of GABA at GABA A receptors by increasing the frequency of chloride channel
opening, leading to neuronal hyperpolarization and inhibition of neuronal firing.

Question: Where is lorazepam metabolized?
Answer:
metabolized via glucuronidation (not CYP450): safer in patients with hepatic impairment

Question: Lorazepam specific side effects
Answer:
paradoxical anxiety or restlessness common in elderly, children, or psychiatric patients

,Question: Temazepam: Mechanism of action
Answer:
Temazepam is a minor metabolite of diazepam. Enhances the postsynaptic effect of the inhibitory
neurotransmitter, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA).

Question: temazepam side effects and adverse reactions
Answer:
Next day drowsiness- used for insomnia

Question: Clonazepam uses
Answer:
Panic disorder, Seizure disorders

Question: What are special considerations for alprazolam?
Answer:
High abuse potential, avoid in patients with substance use history

Question: What are special considerations for lorazepam?
Answer:
Safer in hepatic impairment (no CY metabolism); commonly used inpatient

Question: What are special considerations for temazepam?
Answer:
Best for sleep initiation/maintenance; short term use only

Question: Special considerations for clonazepam
Answer:
Useful for chronic anxiety of seizure control due to long half-life

Question: What receptor does Buspar act on?
Answer:
Mainly at the serotonin 1A receptor but does have some activity at the dopamine receptor.

Question: When should buspar be taken?
Answer:
Absorbed well orally, should be taken with food to decrease the first-pass effect

, Question: Why would we give buspar instead of a benzo?
Answer:
Less addictive than a benzo

Question: Patient teaching with buspar
Answer:
Can take a few weeks to feel the full effects

Question: What makes buspar different than a benzo as far as GABA?
Answer:
No GABAergic activity- therefore no sedation, euphoria, anticonvulsant or muscle relaxant effects like
benzos

Question: Indication for buspar
Answer:
Best for chronic GAD management; adjunct to SSRIs/SNRIs in depression or mixed anxiety disorders;
sometimes used to reduce sexual side effects caused by SSRIs

Question: Metabolism of Buspar
Answer:
extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism; no active metabolites

Question: Adverse effects of buspar
Answer:
serotonin syndrome if combined with SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs, or linezolid

Question: SSRI mechanism of action
Answer:
Block the serotonin transporter on presynaptic neurons inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin which
increases the serotonin availability

Question: SSRI uses
Answer:
depression, GAD, panic disorder, OCD, PTSD

Question: Initial side effects of SSRI
Answer:
GI upset; teach that this will improve with time