Nurs 6202 Adults 2 Exam 2 Questions with
Verified Correct Answers
What is an Acute Kidney Injury?
= Acute/rapid loss of kidney function
What are common causes of AKIs?
1. Infection - limits blood flow to kidneys
2. Prolonged dehydration
3. Excessive medication use (NSAIDs)
What are s/s of an AKI?
- Decreased urine output
- Edema
- Fatigue
- Confusion (electrolyte imbalance)
How do you dx an AKI?
1. Blood and urine tests to measure kidney function
- Creatinine Clearance = 24hr urine collection to test how well creatinine is removed from
your blood by your kidneys
2. Ultrasound and biopsies to determine damage
What are risk factor patients for AKIs?
Heart disease and DM patients
What are lab values seen with AKIs?
,- Increased creatinine (normal = 0.6-1.3)
- Increased BUN
- Decreased GFR
What dietary management is necessary for an AKI patient?
LOW:
- Phosphorus (processed foods/fast foods)
- Protein
- Sodium
- Potassium
*Encourage small frequent meals!
How do you treat AKIs?
1. Fluids (crystalloids)
2. Diuretic Therapy
3. Volume expanders (colloids)
4. Lifestyle Changes
- Avoid medications metabolized by the kidneys
- Change diets
What are the different phases of AKIs?
1. Onset
2. Oliguric
3. Diuretic
4. Recovery
, Onset Phase of AKI:
- Features
- Duration
= Initial insult to the kidneys
Features
- Decreased renal blood flow
- Decreased tissue oxygenation
- UOP = 0.5mg/kg/hr
Duration
- Hours to days
Oliguric Phase of AKI:
- Features
- Duration
- Assessments
Features
- Making little to no urine (<400mL)
- Increased BUN and Creat (toxin build up)
- Electrolyte disturbances (acidosis, fluid overload)
Duration
- 8 to 14 days or longer
Verified Correct Answers
What is an Acute Kidney Injury?
= Acute/rapid loss of kidney function
What are common causes of AKIs?
1. Infection - limits blood flow to kidneys
2. Prolonged dehydration
3. Excessive medication use (NSAIDs)
What are s/s of an AKI?
- Decreased urine output
- Edema
- Fatigue
- Confusion (electrolyte imbalance)
How do you dx an AKI?
1. Blood and urine tests to measure kidney function
- Creatinine Clearance = 24hr urine collection to test how well creatinine is removed from
your blood by your kidneys
2. Ultrasound and biopsies to determine damage
What are risk factor patients for AKIs?
Heart disease and DM patients
What are lab values seen with AKIs?
,- Increased creatinine (normal = 0.6-1.3)
- Increased BUN
- Decreased GFR
What dietary management is necessary for an AKI patient?
LOW:
- Phosphorus (processed foods/fast foods)
- Protein
- Sodium
- Potassium
*Encourage small frequent meals!
How do you treat AKIs?
1. Fluids (crystalloids)
2. Diuretic Therapy
3. Volume expanders (colloids)
4. Lifestyle Changes
- Avoid medications metabolized by the kidneys
- Change diets
What are the different phases of AKIs?
1. Onset
2. Oliguric
3. Diuretic
4. Recovery
, Onset Phase of AKI:
- Features
- Duration
= Initial insult to the kidneys
Features
- Decreased renal blood flow
- Decreased tissue oxygenation
- UOP = 0.5mg/kg/hr
Duration
- Hours to days
Oliguric Phase of AKI:
- Features
- Duration
- Assessments
Features
- Making little to no urine (<400mL)
- Increased BUN and Creat (toxin build up)
- Electrolyte disturbances (acidosis, fluid overload)
Duration
- 8 to 14 days or longer
