NSG 100 Exam 4 – Nursing Concepts (Germanna College) 20… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
✓ VERIFIED • 2026 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NSG 100 Exam 4 – Nursing Concepts (Germanna
College) 2026 UPDATE
Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers
with Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations)
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Full Rationales
Status: Verified & Updated for 2026
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 1
,NSG 100 Exam 4 – Nursing Concepts (Germanna College) 20… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is
receiving oxygen. Which oxygen delivery device is most appropriate for providing a precise
concentration of oxygen?
A. Nasal cannula
B. Simple face mask
C. Non-rebreather mask
D. who is receiving oxygen. Which oxygen delivery device is most appropriate for providing a precise
concentration of oxygen?
Answer: D
Rationale: The Venturi mask is the most accurate device for delivering a specific, constant concentration of
oxygen, which is critical for patients with COPD to avoid suppressing their hypoxic drive. Applying this
knowledge in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes.
2. Which of the following clinical manifestations is considered an early sign of hypoxia?
A. Restlessness
B. Cyanosis
C. Bradycardia
D. Bradypnea
Answer: A
Rationale: Restlessness, anxiety, and agitation are early signs of hypoxia as the brain is sensitive to
decreasing oxygen levels. Cyanosis is a late sign. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this
concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery. Applying this knowledge
in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes.
3. When assessing a patient for peripheral perfusion, which finding should the nurse prioritize?
A. Capillary refill of 2 seconds
B. Pitting edema in the lower extremities
C. Dorsalis pedis pulse 2+ bilaterally
D. Skin temperature that is warm to touch
Answer: B
Rationale: Pitting edema indicates a disruption in fluid balance or venous return, signifying a potential issue
with perfusion or cardiac function that requires further investigation. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings
supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 2
, NSG 100 Exam 4 – Nursing Concepts (Germanna College) 20… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
4. A nurse is teaching a patient about using an incentive spirometer. Which instruction is
correct?
A. Exhale forcefully into the device.
B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece.
C. Use the device once every 4 hours while awake.
D. Hold your breath for 15 seconds after inhalation.
Answer: B
Rationale: Incentive spirometry requires slow, deep inhalations to maximize lung expansion and prevent
atelectasis. It should typically be used 5-10 times every hour while awake. Recognizing this principle allows the
nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education.
5. A patient has been diagnosed with right-sided heart failure. Which assessment finding is
most consistent with this diagnosis?
A. Jugular venous distention (JVD)
B. Orthopnea
C. Crackles in the lung bases
D. B. Orthopnea
Answer: A
Rationale: Right-sided heart failure leads to systemic venous congestion, causing symptoms like JVD,
peripheral edema, and hepatomegaly. Left-sided failure causes pulmonary symptoms like crackles. This is an
important clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (A) requires understanding both the
pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications.
6. A nurse is preparing to administer a tube feeding via a nasogastric (NG) tube. What is the
priority nursing action?
A. Verify the placement of the tube.
B. Check the gastric residual volume.
C. Warm the formula to body temperature.
D. Flush the tube with 30 mL of water.
Answer: A
Rationale: Verifying tube placement is the priority to ensure the formula does not enter the lungs, which would
cause aspiration pneumonia. This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (A)
requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications. Recognizing this
principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 3
✓ VERIFIED • 2026 UPDATE • 100% ACCURATE
NSG 100 Exam 4 – Nursing Concepts (Germanna
College) 2026 UPDATE
Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers
with Detailed Rationales
Document Type: Exam (Elaborations)
Academic Year:
Total Questions: 50 Multiple Choice
Includes: Correct Answers + Full Rationales
Status: Verified & Updated for 2026
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 1
,NSG 100 Exam 4 – Nursing Concepts (Germanna College) 20… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
Questions & Verified Answers
1. A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is
receiving oxygen. Which oxygen delivery device is most appropriate for providing a precise
concentration of oxygen?
A. Nasal cannula
B. Simple face mask
C. Non-rebreather mask
D. who is receiving oxygen. Which oxygen delivery device is most appropriate for providing a precise
concentration of oxygen?
Answer: D
Rationale: The Venturi mask is the most accurate device for delivering a specific, constant concentration of
oxygen, which is critical for patients with COPD to avoid suppressing their hypoxic drive. Applying this
knowledge in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes.
2. Which of the following clinical manifestations is considered an early sign of hypoxia?
A. Restlessness
B. Cyanosis
C. Bradycardia
D. Bradypnea
Answer: A
Rationale: Restlessness, anxiety, and agitation are early signs of hypoxia as the brain is sensitive to
decreasing oxygen levels. Cyanosis is a late sign. Exam questions often test the ability to distinguish this
concept from closely related distractors, making a clear rationale essential for mastery. Applying this knowledge
in clinical settings supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes.
3. When assessing a patient for peripheral perfusion, which finding should the nurse prioritize?
A. Capillary refill of 2 seconds
B. Pitting edema in the lower extremities
C. Dorsalis pedis pulse 2+ bilaterally
D. Skin temperature that is warm to touch
Answer: B
Rationale: Pitting edema indicates a disruption in fluid balance or venous return, signifying a potential issue
with perfusion or cardiac function that requires further investigation. Applying this knowledge in clinical settings
supports safe, evidence-based practice and improves patient outcomes.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 2
, NSG 100 Exam 4 – Nursing Concepts (Germanna College) 20… 2026 Update • Verified Answers
4. A nurse is teaching a patient about using an incentive spirometer. Which instruction is
correct?
A. Exhale forcefully into the device.
B. Inhale slowly and deeply through the mouthpiece.
C. Use the device once every 4 hours while awake.
D. Hold your breath for 15 seconds after inhalation.
Answer: B
Rationale: Incentive spirometry requires slow, deep inhalations to maximize lung expansion and prevent
atelectasis. It should typically be used 5-10 times every hour while awake. Recognizing this principle allows the
nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education.
5. A patient has been diagnosed with right-sided heart failure. Which assessment finding is
most consistent with this diagnosis?
A. Jugular venous distention (JVD)
B. Orthopnea
C. Crackles in the lung bases
D. B. Orthopnea
Answer: A
Rationale: Right-sided heart failure leads to systemic venous congestion, causing symptoms like JVD,
peripheral edema, and hepatomegaly. Left-sided failure causes pulmonary symptoms like crackles. This is an
important clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (A) requires understanding both the
pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications.
6. A nurse is preparing to administer a tube feeding via a nasogastric (NG) tube. What is the
priority nursing action?
A. Verify the placement of the tube.
B. Check the gastric residual volume.
C. Warm the formula to body temperature.
D. Flush the tube with 30 mL of water.
Answer: A
Rationale: Verifying tube placement is the priority to ensure the formula does not enter the lungs, which would
cause aspiration pneumonia. This is an important clinical concept because selecting the correct answer (A)
requires understanding both the pathophysiology and the practical nursing implications. Recognizing this
principle allows the nurse to prioritize care, anticipate complications, and provide accurate patient education.
Exam (Elaborations) • Actual Questions & Rationales Page 3
