Jenna Radley
FOR PERSONAL USE ONLY- NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION
KRM 110 STUDY NOTES
SEM 1 EXAM NOTES
Disclaimer & Usage Terms
These notes are for personal use only. Please do not share, copy, or redistribute them.
Jenna Academic Notes – Study smarter
1
, Jenna Radley
FOR PERSONAL USE ONLY- NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION
Criminology Lecture & Textbook
Notes
Disclaimer & Usage Terms
These notes are the original intellectual property of the author and are provided solely for
personal use by the purchaser.
By accessing or purchasing these notes, you agree to the following:
• You may not reproduce, distribute, share, upload, or resell these notes in any form.
• You may not provide copies (digital or physical) to any other individual or group.
• You may not use these notes for commercial purposes or profit.
Any unauthorized use, duplication, or distribution of this material is strictly prohibited and may
result in legal action.
All rights reserved.
2
, Jenna Radley
FOR PERSONAL USE ONLY- NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION
Content
SECTION A:
• CHAPTER 15: Forensic Criminology in South Africa
• Section 1: Mini Glossary
• Section 2: Distinction Between Criminology, Applied & Forensic
Criminology
• Section 3: Forensic Criminology
• Section 4: Forensic Criminologist
• Section 5: Need for Forensic Criminology in SA
• Section 6: Specialisation in Criminology
• Section 7: Application Within the CJS -> Pre-Trial, Trial, Post-Trial
Phases
• Section 8: Problems Associated With Forensic Criminology
• CHAPTER 16: The Coordinating Nature of Forensic Criminalistics
• Section 9: Definitions: Criminal Investigation & Forensic Criminalistics
• Section 10: The Coordinating Nature of Forensic Criminalistics
• Section 11: The Crime Scene as a Source of Information
• Section 12: Processing the Crime Scene
• Section 13: Forensic Science Services Available to Criminal
Investigators
SECTION B:
1. SECTION 1: LECTURE 5 – CRIMES OF A VIOLENT NATURE
2. SECTION 2: LECTURE 6 – SEXUAL CRIMES
3. SECTION 3: LECTURE 7 – SEXUAL CRIMES (cont.)
4. SECTION 4: LECTURE 8 -ECONOMICALLY MOTIVATED CRIMES
5. SECTION 5: LECTURE 9 – ECONOMICALLY MOTIVATED CRIMES
(cont.)
3
, Jenna Radley
FOR PERSONAL USE ONLY- NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION
PART A:
CHAPTER 15: FORENSIC
CRIMINOLOGY IN SOUTH AFRICA
Section 1: Mini Glossary
These key terms appear throughout the chapter and are frequently tested:
Applied criminology The application of criminological theory to criminal justice practice
Cognitive dissonance Mental discomfort experienced when a person simultaneously
holds two or more contradictory beliefs, ideas or values.
Triggered when a subjective belief clashes with new evidence
Correctional The stage where the criminologist presents aspects similar to
assessment phase those in the pre-sentence report -> personal, family and social
background, precursors, triggers, causes and motives of crime ->
to determine offender needs, risks and responsiveness
Corrections Refers widely to the correctional system
Corrections phase The stage where the criminologist is used in a multi-disciplinary
team within the correctional environment. Ethnic differences,
religious denomination and political stance must be taken into
account
Crime trends Changes in crime, e.g. when criminals migrated from motor-
vehicle theft to motor-vehicle hijacking. Includes the increase or
decrease in a specific crime
Ethics The rules of conduct recognised in respect to a particular class of
human actions or a particular group/culture
Expert witness A witness who gives evidence designed to assist the court, based
on the witness's specialised training, study or experience
Metacognition The ability to know how well you are performing, when you are
likely to be accurate in judgement and when you are likely to be
wrong
Metacognitive The belief that one is capable of recognising one's own errors in
dissonance thinking, reasoning and learning, despite lack of evidence or
overwhelming evidence to the contrary
Professionalisation Strict regulation of criminology members by mandating levels of
education/experience. Criminology is not yet fully
professionalised -> no universal professional board exists
Victim impact A report prepared by a criminologist to present an individualised,
statement objective view of the victim to the court regarding the impact of
the crime
4
FOR PERSONAL USE ONLY- NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION
KRM 110 STUDY NOTES
SEM 1 EXAM NOTES
Disclaimer & Usage Terms
These notes are for personal use only. Please do not share, copy, or redistribute them.
Jenna Academic Notes – Study smarter
1
, Jenna Radley
FOR PERSONAL USE ONLY- NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION
Criminology Lecture & Textbook
Notes
Disclaimer & Usage Terms
These notes are the original intellectual property of the author and are provided solely for
personal use by the purchaser.
By accessing or purchasing these notes, you agree to the following:
• You may not reproduce, distribute, share, upload, or resell these notes in any form.
• You may not provide copies (digital or physical) to any other individual or group.
• You may not use these notes for commercial purposes or profit.
Any unauthorized use, duplication, or distribution of this material is strictly prohibited and may
result in legal action.
All rights reserved.
2
, Jenna Radley
FOR PERSONAL USE ONLY- NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION
Content
SECTION A:
• CHAPTER 15: Forensic Criminology in South Africa
• Section 1: Mini Glossary
• Section 2: Distinction Between Criminology, Applied & Forensic
Criminology
• Section 3: Forensic Criminology
• Section 4: Forensic Criminologist
• Section 5: Need for Forensic Criminology in SA
• Section 6: Specialisation in Criminology
• Section 7: Application Within the CJS -> Pre-Trial, Trial, Post-Trial
Phases
• Section 8: Problems Associated With Forensic Criminology
• CHAPTER 16: The Coordinating Nature of Forensic Criminalistics
• Section 9: Definitions: Criminal Investigation & Forensic Criminalistics
• Section 10: The Coordinating Nature of Forensic Criminalistics
• Section 11: The Crime Scene as a Source of Information
• Section 12: Processing the Crime Scene
• Section 13: Forensic Science Services Available to Criminal
Investigators
SECTION B:
1. SECTION 1: LECTURE 5 – CRIMES OF A VIOLENT NATURE
2. SECTION 2: LECTURE 6 – SEXUAL CRIMES
3. SECTION 3: LECTURE 7 – SEXUAL CRIMES (cont.)
4. SECTION 4: LECTURE 8 -ECONOMICALLY MOTIVATED CRIMES
5. SECTION 5: LECTURE 9 – ECONOMICALLY MOTIVATED CRIMES
(cont.)
3
, Jenna Radley
FOR PERSONAL USE ONLY- NOT FOR REDISTRIBUTION
PART A:
CHAPTER 15: FORENSIC
CRIMINOLOGY IN SOUTH AFRICA
Section 1: Mini Glossary
These key terms appear throughout the chapter and are frequently tested:
Applied criminology The application of criminological theory to criminal justice practice
Cognitive dissonance Mental discomfort experienced when a person simultaneously
holds two or more contradictory beliefs, ideas or values.
Triggered when a subjective belief clashes with new evidence
Correctional The stage where the criminologist presents aspects similar to
assessment phase those in the pre-sentence report -> personal, family and social
background, precursors, triggers, causes and motives of crime ->
to determine offender needs, risks and responsiveness
Corrections Refers widely to the correctional system
Corrections phase The stage where the criminologist is used in a multi-disciplinary
team within the correctional environment. Ethnic differences,
religious denomination and political stance must be taken into
account
Crime trends Changes in crime, e.g. when criminals migrated from motor-
vehicle theft to motor-vehicle hijacking. Includes the increase or
decrease in a specific crime
Ethics The rules of conduct recognised in respect to a particular class of
human actions or a particular group/culture
Expert witness A witness who gives evidence designed to assist the court, based
on the witness's specialised training, study or experience
Metacognition The ability to know how well you are performing, when you are
likely to be accurate in judgement and when you are likely to be
wrong
Metacognitive The belief that one is capable of recognising one's own errors in
dissonance thinking, reasoning and learning, despite lack of evidence or
overwhelming evidence to the contrary
Professionalisation Strict regulation of criminology members by mandating levels of
education/experience. Criminology is not yet fully
professionalised -> no universal professional board exists
Victim impact A report prepared by a criminologist to present an individualised,
statement objective view of the victim to the court regarding the impact of
the crime
4
