Assignment 1 Semester 2 2026
Unique number:
Due date: August 2026
INTRODUCTION
Public relations helps organisations build relationships with communities,
communicate useful information and respond properly when concerns or crises
affect public confidence. Research is important in this process because
communication decisions should be based on reliable information about
stakeholders rather than assumptions about what people think or need (Broom &
Sha, 2013). This assignment examines how public relations research, planning,
media monitoring and crisis communication can be applied within organisations
serving South African communities. Particular attention is given to the City of
Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality because it provides essential services and
social assistance to a large and economically diverse population. The assignment
investigates perceptions of its Expanded Social Package, examines recent negative
media coverage, develops a public relations plan and proposes a crisis
,INTRODUCTION
Public relations helps organisations build relationships with communities,
communicate useful information and respond properly when concerns or crises
affect public confidence. Research is important in this process because
communication decisions should be based on reliable information about
stakeholders rather than assumptions about what people think or need (Broom &
Sha, 2013). This assignment examines how public relations research, planning,
media monitoring and crisis communication can be applied within organisations
serving South African communities. Particular attention is given to the City of
Johannesburg Metropolitan Municipality because it provides essential services and
social assistance to a large and economically diverse population. The assignment
investigates perceptions of its Expanded Social Package, examines recent negative
media coverage, develops a public relations plan and proposes a crisis
communication response. The final section develops a media interview schedule for
the Department of Basic Education to promote Teachers’ Day.
QUESTION 1: DEVELOPING A RESEARCH PROPOSAL
1.1 Research Title
Community Perceptions of Johannesburg’s Expanded Social Package for
Indigent Households
1.2 Overview of the Organisation
The organisation selected for this research is the City of Johannesburg
Metropolitan Municipality, which is responsible for municipal governance and the
delivery of services within Johannesburg. The present metropolitan municipality was
created through the restructuring of Johannesburg into a unified metropolitan
authority in 2000. Its responsibilities include water, sanitation, electricity distribution,
refuse removal, roads, public safety, housing support and different forms of social
assistance. Johannesburg is also an important economic centre whose municipal
performance directly affects households, businesses and surrounding communities.
, The City has expressed its broader vision around developing Johannesburg as an
African city capable of meeting high standards of development and service provision.
One of its stated missions has been to create an enabling economic environment by
making Johannesburg more responsive in delivering quality services to residents
(City of Johannesburg, 2019). Public participation is also important within municipal
planning, as shown by the City's 2026 Integrated Development Plan process, where
residents were encouraged to participate directly in determining development
priorities (City of Johannesburg, 2026a).
The municipality operates the Expanded Social Package, also called Siyasizana,
to assist poor and vulnerable residents. The programme provides qualifying
residents with free basic services and other poverty-relief benefits. Benefits may
include water, electricity, rates, sewer and refuse subsidies depending on household
circumstances and eligibility (City of Johannesburg, 2026b).
1.3 Background and Context of the Research Problem
High unemployment, poverty, inequality and increasing household expenses mean
that many low-income urban households struggle to meet the costs of basic
municipal services. Indigent programmes are therefore important because they
protect vulnerable households from complete exclusion from essential services. The
City of Johannesburg has established the Expanded Social Package to support
unemployed people, pensioners, persons with disabilities, young people and other
financially vulnerable residents.
However, having a programme available does not automatically mean that all eligible
residents use it. Residents are expected to register and provide supporting
documentation, while continued benefits may require renewed registration (City of
Johannesburg, 2026b). Lack of awareness, difficulty understanding eligibility
requirements, distrust of municipal systems, limited access to information and
negative previous experiences with the municipality may discourage eligible
residents from applying.
Existing research provides considerable information about poverty, municipal
services and indigent policies, but there is less research concentrating specifically on
how eligible Johannesburg residents perceive the communication surrounding