, Reproduction
↳
biological process where new individuals (offspring) are produced to ensure survival of species
2 TYPES Of REPRODUCTION
① Sexual reproduction - 2 parents are involved & their generic material combines . Gametes are produced by meiosis & these gametes fuse
during fertilization to Corm a
zygote
② Asexual reproduction - one parent is involved & all the
offspring have the same
genetic composition as the parent . No gameles are involved & the process occurs by mitosis
Lo similarties Both methods produce
- new
offspring
Avariation Acrossing over
3
-
meiosis
D IFFERENCES BETWEEN ASEXUAL & SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
② Random assortment
Asexual Sexual
③ Random fertilization
I
No
gametes required Gameres required
① Mutations
I parent needed 2 parents needed
·
·
No variation since it involves mitosis ·
Variation since
gametes are produced by meiosis
Offspring identical parent & each other Offspring not identical to parent or each other
·
to
·
Happens quickly Happens slowly
· ·
produced few
Many offspring offspring produced
More
energy required energy required
less ·
to find mares & reproduce
S
Advantages of asexual reproduction
During favourable conditions
offspring produced very therefore rapid population growth.
quickly
are
many
·
,
,
·
Requires less
energy , since no
gamete formation is needed
need look for a
·
No to mate .
Single member of species can start a whole new population
adapt identical the parent
offspring can
easily to the environment since to
·
·
No mutations since no meiosis or few mutations are
possible
,
Disadvantages of a sexual reproduction
·
No genetic diversity (variation) therefore ,
cannot adapt to
changing environments -
extinction
~
T
Advantages or sexual reproduction
Variation allows organisms adapt better
changing environment
Not all
organisms become susceptible diseases
·
-
to to .
to
Disadvantages of sexual reproduction
·
The process takes longer ,
since
gametes need to be produced
chances of survival
fewer
offspring produced decreasing
·
are ,
More
energy required
·
-
IMPORTANCE Of ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN AGRICULTURE
↳ Plants with desired characteristics - can be cloned
L Don't have to wait for seeds to germinate save time
money
-
↳ More
crops are
yielded in a shorter period of time
↳ Berrer
quality crops continuously produced
,
↳
biological process where new individuals (offspring) are produced to ensure survival of species
2 TYPES Of REPRODUCTION
① Sexual reproduction - 2 parents are involved & their generic material combines . Gametes are produced by meiosis & these gametes fuse
during fertilization to Corm a
zygote
② Asexual reproduction - one parent is involved & all the
offspring have the same
genetic composition as the parent . No gameles are involved & the process occurs by mitosis
Lo similarties Both methods produce
- new
offspring
Avariation Acrossing over
3
-
meiosis
D IFFERENCES BETWEEN ASEXUAL & SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
② Random assortment
Asexual Sexual
③ Random fertilization
I
No
gametes required Gameres required
① Mutations
I parent needed 2 parents needed
·
·
No variation since it involves mitosis ·
Variation since
gametes are produced by meiosis
Offspring identical parent & each other Offspring not identical to parent or each other
·
to
·
Happens quickly Happens slowly
· ·
produced few
Many offspring offspring produced
More
energy required energy required
less ·
to find mares & reproduce
S
Advantages of asexual reproduction
During favourable conditions
offspring produced very therefore rapid population growth.
quickly
are
many
·
,
,
·
Requires less
energy , since no
gamete formation is needed
need look for a
·
No to mate .
Single member of species can start a whole new population
adapt identical the parent
offspring can
easily to the environment since to
·
·
No mutations since no meiosis or few mutations are
possible
,
Disadvantages of a sexual reproduction
·
No genetic diversity (variation) therefore ,
cannot adapt to
changing environments -
extinction
~
T
Advantages or sexual reproduction
Variation allows organisms adapt better
changing environment
Not all
organisms become susceptible diseases
·
-
to to .
to
Disadvantages of sexual reproduction
·
The process takes longer ,
since
gametes need to be produced
chances of survival
fewer
offspring produced decreasing
·
are ,
More
energy required
·
-
IMPORTANCE Of ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION IN AGRICULTURE
↳ Plants with desired characteristics - can be cloned
L Don't have to wait for seeds to germinate save time
money
-
↳ More
crops are
yielded in a shorter period of time
↳ Berrer
quality crops continuously produced
,
