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Summary Fisiese Wetenskap - Chemie

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Hierdie opsomming bevat volledige verduidelikings en beskrywings van graad 10 Fisiese Wetenskap se Chemie-afdeling.Die opsomming dek die hele Chemie-sillabus.Die opsomming bevat kleurvolle prente en illustrasies wat die leerwerk ń bietjie meer interessant maak.

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, s-blok
d-blok




atoomradius neem toe IE neem af EN neem af
p-blok elektrone bykry

elektrone verloor

lading
reaktiwiteit neem toe




groepe= valens elektrone




EA neem toe IE neem toe atoomradius neem af EN neem toe

,TABEL 1: POSITIEWE IONE (KATIONE)

Naam (Valensie 1) Naam (Valensie 2) loon Naam (Valensie 3)
ioon loo
waterstof H+ berillium Be2+ aluminium Al3+
litium Lit magnesium Mg2* chroom(IIl) Cr3+
natrium Nat kalsium Ca2+ yster Fes+
kalium K+ barium Ba2+ kobalt(II) Co3+
silwer Agt tin(LI) Sn2+
kwik(l) Hgt lood Pb2+
koper Cut chroom Cr2+
ammonium NHA* mangaan Mn2+
hidronium / oksonium HsO+ yster(LI) Fe2+
kobalt(ll) Co2
nikkell) Ni2+
koper(l) Cu2+
sink Zn2+



TABEL 2: NEGATIEWE IONE (ANIONE)

Naam (Valnesie 1) Naam (Valensie 2) Naam (Valensie 3)
loon loon
02-
loon
fluoried oksied N3~
F
nitried
chloried Cf- peroksied fosfied P3-
bromied Br- karbonaat CO- fosfaat PONT
jodied sulfied $2-
hidroksied OH sulfiet SO3
nitriet NO. sulfaat SOZ-
nitraat NOS tiosulfaat S20-
waterstofkarbonaat HCO_ chromaat CrO2=
waterstofsulfiet HSO. dichromaat Crp0
waterstofsulfaat HSO manganaat Mn0l-
diwaterstoffosfaat HaPOg oksalaa
hipochloriet ClO- waterstoffosfaat HPOZ
chloraat ClO
chloriet ClO
perchloraat ClOj
permanganaat MnOz
asetaat (etanoaat) CHaC00-
sianied CN-
jodaat 10元
tiosianaat CNS-

, TABEL3: NUTTIGE FORMULES, CHEMIESE NAME EN GEBRUIKSNAME

Chemiese Formule Gebruiksnaam
SURE
Waterstofchloried HC Souisuur
Waterstofnitraat HNO3 Salpetersuu
Waterstofsulfaat H2SO4 Swawelsuur (batterysuur)
Diwaterstofsulfie HSO3 Swaweligsuur
Diwaterstofkarbonaat H2CO3 Koolsuur
Waterstoffosfaat HsPO4 Fosforsuur
OKSIEDE
Kalsiumoksied Ca Ongebluste kalk
Kaliumoksied K2
Koper(ll)
CuO
Kwik(ll)oksied
Hgo
Litiumoksied Li20
Lood(IV)oksied PbO2
Magnesiumoksied Mgo
Ysteroksie Fes04 Magnetiet
Natriumoksied NazO
Fosforpentoksied P205
Koolstofdioksied CO2 Koolsuurgas
Koolstofmonoksie CO
Swaweldioksied SO2
Swaweltrioksie SO3
Waterstofoksie H2O WWater
Trisuurstof O3 (0soon
Stikstofdioksied NO2
HIDROKSIEDE
Kalsiumhidroksied Ca(OH)2
Gebluste kalk
Kaliumhidroksie KOH
Magnesiumhidroksied Mg(OH)2
Magnesiawate
Natriumhidroksied NaOH Eytsoda
KARBONATE
Kaliumkarbonaat K2CO3 Bytpotas/
Bariumkarbonaat BaCO3
Kalsiumkarbonaat CaCO3 Warmer, kalksteen, kryt/
Magnesiumkarbonaat MgCOs
Natriumkarbonaat Na2CO3.10H20 Wassoda, soda-
Natriumwaterstofkarbonaat NaHCO3 [Koeksoda
NITRATE
Kalsiumnitraat Ca(NO3)2
Kaliumnitraat KNO3 Salpeter
Silwemnitraat AgNOs
Natriumnitraat NaNO Chilli-salpeter
SULFAT
Magnesiumsulfaat MgSO4.7H20 Engelse soul/
Bariumsulfaat BaSO4
Koper(ll) CuSO4,.5H20
Blou vitrioel
Kalsiumsulfaat CaSOA Gips
Kaliumsulfaat KaSO
Nariumsulfaat NazSO
Sinksulfaat ZnSOA
Yster(I)sulfaat FeSOA
CHLORIEDE
Bariumchloried
BaC
Natriumchlorie NaC!
Kaliumchloried KC!
atelsout


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