1.Leading
1.1.Key concepts
Nature of leadership, leadership characteristics, leadership, authority, leadership models,
Maslow’s theory, components of leadership task, factors influencing power, motivation,
kinds of groups, communication.
1.2.Nature of leadership
LO1: Analyse leadership as a management task by:
• Explaining the meaning of leadership, authority, power, influence, delegation,
responsibility and motivation
• Differentiating between leadership and management.
Leadership
• Influencing & directing behaviour of subordinates in such a way that
o Influencing: communicate ideas, gain acceptance & inspire followers to
support & implement idea (relationship)
• They willingly strive to accomplish goals/objectives of organisation
Leaders Managers
Lead & direct Plan, organise & control
Create & articulate vision & change Implement vision, change & policy
Innovate Administer
Develop Maintain
Inspire Control
Do the right things Do things right
1.3.Components of the leading function
1.3.1.Authority
• Right to give commands & demand actions from employees
• Formal authority – linked to position
• Informal authority – acceptance by subordinates
, 1.3.2.Power
• Manager’s ability to influence employee behaviour
• Position power (chain of command)
o Coersive power
o Enforce compliance through fear
o Psychological, emotional or physical
o Fear of retrenchment or exclusion
o Reward power
o Manager’s ability to influence employees with something of
value to them
o Power to give or withhold rewards
o Salary, bonus, praise, recognition, allocation of interesting
assignments.
o Legitimate power
o Power organisation grant to particular position
• Personal power (followers bestow on person)
o Referent power
o Manager’s personal power/ charisma
o Employees obey: like , respect & identify with manager
o Leader’s personal characteristics makes him/her attractive
o Expert power
o Power given by manager’s expertise, knowledge &
professional ability over those who need knowledge or
information
1.3.3.Responsibility
• Obligation to achieve organisational goals by performing required activities
1.3.4.Delegation
• Process of assigning responsibility & authority for achieving organisational goals
1.3.5.Accountability
• Evaluation of how well individuals meet their responsibilities.
1.4.Leadership theories
LO2: Discuss basic leadership models by referring to the factors influencing effective
leadership.
1.4.1.Trait theory
• Suggests certain leadership characteristics are common to all successful leaders
• In practice, traits differ significantly
1.1.Key concepts
Nature of leadership, leadership characteristics, leadership, authority, leadership models,
Maslow’s theory, components of leadership task, factors influencing power, motivation,
kinds of groups, communication.
1.2.Nature of leadership
LO1: Analyse leadership as a management task by:
• Explaining the meaning of leadership, authority, power, influence, delegation,
responsibility and motivation
• Differentiating between leadership and management.
Leadership
• Influencing & directing behaviour of subordinates in such a way that
o Influencing: communicate ideas, gain acceptance & inspire followers to
support & implement idea (relationship)
• They willingly strive to accomplish goals/objectives of organisation
Leaders Managers
Lead & direct Plan, organise & control
Create & articulate vision & change Implement vision, change & policy
Innovate Administer
Develop Maintain
Inspire Control
Do the right things Do things right
1.3.Components of the leading function
1.3.1.Authority
• Right to give commands & demand actions from employees
• Formal authority – linked to position
• Informal authority – acceptance by subordinates
, 1.3.2.Power
• Manager’s ability to influence employee behaviour
• Position power (chain of command)
o Coersive power
o Enforce compliance through fear
o Psychological, emotional or physical
o Fear of retrenchment or exclusion
o Reward power
o Manager’s ability to influence employees with something of
value to them
o Power to give or withhold rewards
o Salary, bonus, praise, recognition, allocation of interesting
assignments.
o Legitimate power
o Power organisation grant to particular position
• Personal power (followers bestow on person)
o Referent power
o Manager’s personal power/ charisma
o Employees obey: like , respect & identify with manager
o Leader’s personal characteristics makes him/her attractive
o Expert power
o Power given by manager’s expertise, knowledge &
professional ability over those who need knowledge or
information
1.3.3.Responsibility
• Obligation to achieve organisational goals by performing required activities
1.3.4.Delegation
• Process of assigning responsibility & authority for achieving organisational goals
1.3.5.Accountability
• Evaluation of how well individuals meet their responsibilities.
1.4.Leadership theories
LO2: Discuss basic leadership models by referring to the factors influencing effective
leadership.
1.4.1.Trait theory
• Suggests certain leadership characteristics are common to all successful leaders
• In practice, traits differ significantly
