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CSL2601 Assignment 1 (ANSWERS) Semester 2 2026 - Due August 2026

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CSL2601 Assignment 1 (ANSWERS) Semester 2 2026 - Due August 2026 . Guaranteed distinction quality with trusted academic solutions, clear explanations, professional formatting, and reliable support. Discuss the ill-conceived announcement by the Head of the Executive responsible for International Relations that South Africa was withdrawing from the Rome Statute and filing a notice to this effect with the Secretary-General of the United Nations. A municipality has repeatedly failed to collect refuse and repair damaged sewage pipes, causing serious health risks within several communities. The provincial government immediately appoints a private company to perform these functions without issuing a directive to the municipality or formally invoking section 139 of the Constitution. Assess whether the provincial government’s intervention is constitutionally justified. A provincial government issues a directive requiring a municipality to correct its failure to provide clean drinking water within thirty days. The municipality ignores the directive, while residents continue suffering serious health problems. Discuss whether the province may lawfully assume responsibility for the municipal function under section 139 of the Constitution. Discuss the importance and relevance of section 157 of the Constitution in respect of an important process occurring in South Africa in November 2026 The Makhanda Municipality has repeatedly failed to provide clean drinking water to several communities, despite receiving financial support and written warnings from the provincial government. The province then issues a directive requiring the municipality to prepare and implement a recovery plan within thirty days. The municipality argues that the directive interferes with its constitutional independence. A tragic incident in Motswedi village, where a primary school learner dies after falling into a pit toilet at a public school, draws national attention to inadequate sanitation in schools within the Serake Municipality. Investigations reveal longstanding failures by the municipality to provide adequate water and sanitation services. Following public pressure, the North West Provincial Government urgently initiates its own tender process to install sanitation facilities in affected schools. The province does not formally place the municipality under administration but justifies its actions on the basis of the urgency of the situation and the need to protect learners’ constitutional rights. The Serake Municipality challenges the intervention, arguing that it was not given an opportunity to remedy the failure; and the province failed to follow the procedures required for intervention in local government. With reference to the facts, assess whether the situation in Serake Municipality justifies provincial intervention. With reference to the facts, assess whether the provincial directive is permitted under section 139 of the Constitution. (4) Discuss how adherence to the rule of law is established. The Minister responsible for local government announces that certain municipal councillors will be removed from office because they publicly criticised national government policy. No court order or lawful removal process is followed, and the Minister argues that the decision is necessary to maintain discipline within local government. Discuss how the principle of separation of powers limits the ability of the national executive to make decisions that properly belong to Parliament. Read less

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ECS3704
Assignment 3 Portfolio 2026
May June Portfolio 2026
Due date: 5 June 2026
THE EFFECTS OF BASIC INCOME GRANT AND UNIVERSAL BASIC INCOME ON
POVERTY AND INEQUALITY IN SOUTH AFRICA UNDER ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE-
DRIVEN UNEMPLOYMENT

INTRODUCTION

Artificial Intelligence is changing labour markets across the world. Many routine and
repetitive jobs are increasingly performed by machines and automated systems. This
creates concern that workers with lower skills may lose employment opportunities, which
can increase poverty and inequality (Frey and Osborne, 2017). Automation technologies and
robotics have already reduced demand for certain categories of labour in some sectors of
the economy (Acemoglu and Restrepo, 2020). Developing countries such as South Africa
are particularly vulnerable because of already high unemployment levels, widespread
poverty, and unequal income distribution (Calitz, Siebrits and Steenekamp, 2019).

A possible policy response is the introduction of income support programmes such as a
Basic Income Grant and a Universal Basic Income. These programmes aim to protect

, THE EFFECTS OF BASIC INCOME GRANT AND UNIVERSAL BASIC INCOME
ON POVERTY AND INEQUALITY IN SOUTH AFRICA UNDER ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE-DRIVEN UNEMPLOYMENT

INTRODUCTION

Artificial Intelligence is changing labour markets across the world. Many routine and
repetitive jobs are increasingly performed by machines and automated systems. This
creates concern that workers with lower skills may lose employment opportunities,
which can increase poverty and inequality (Frey and Osborne, 2017). Automation
technologies and robotics have already reduced demand for certain categories of
labour in some sectors of the economy (Acemoglu and Restrepo, 2020). Developing
countries such as South Africa are particularly vulnerable because of already high
unemployment levels, widespread poverty, and unequal income distribution (Calitz,
Siebrits and Steenekamp, 2019).

A possible policy response is the introduction of income support programmes such
as a Basic Income Grant and a Universal Basic Income. These programmes aim to
protect vulnerable households against income loss and reduce inequality through
redistribution of income by government spending (Calitz, Siebrits and Steenekamp,
2019). Social spending increases disposable income and can reduce poverty gaps
when transfers are effectively designed and targeted (Calitz, Siebrits and
Steenekamp, 2019).

BASIC INCOME GRANT

A Basic Income Grant refers to a targeted cash transfer paid mainly to poor or
vulnerable individuals who fall below a certain income threshold (Calitz, Siebrits and
Steenekamp, 2019). The objective is to reduce poverty by directing limited
government resources toward households that need support the most.

Targeted grants are based on means testing. This means only individuals whose
income falls below a certain level qualify for assistance (Calitz, Siebrits and
Steenekamp, 2019). The advantage of this system is that government spending is
concentrated on poor households instead of the entire population. This strengthens
the poverty-reducing effect of social expenditure and limits benefit leakage to
wealthy individuals (Calitz, Siebrits and Steenekamp, 2019).

Connected book
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Pierre De Vos, Warren Freedman South African Constitutional Law in Context
Publisher: 2014 ISBN: 9780199077991 Edition: Unknown

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