UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS
SMA3705
Manufacturing Process Safety
Semester 1 - 2025
Unique number: 865641
50 Marks
Name & Surname: Student number:
This assessment consists of ten (10) pages.
Instructions:
1) The aim of this assessment is to test your knowledge on the key learning outcomes of this
module.
2) You need to answer all the questions as all four questions are compulsory.
3) Download the Assignment 2 document from myUnisa and save your answer file as
“SMA3705_Assignment_2_Studentnumber_Surname”
4) Assessments should be typed in Arial, font size 12, with 1.5 line spacing.
5) Although it is strongly suggested that you type your responses to this assessment, you may
submit handwritten assessments by printing this document, completing it by hand, scanning
it in and uploading it onto myUnisa. Please write legibly.
6) It is important to include in-text citations and a list of references as part of the assessment,
even if you use the study guide, case study and prescribed textbook. Each additional source
that you may be required to consult, should also be referenced.
7) Referencing should be done according to the Harvard referencing method.
8) Do not copy directly from any source (including your study guide) as Unisa’s plagiarism policy
is applicable to this assessment. Plagiarism will not be allowed and may result in
disciplinary action if detected. Turnitin is plagiarism software that facilitates checks for
originality in students’ submissions against internal and external sources. Once Turnitin
results have been processed, all written assessments submitted will be allocated a similarity
index percentage. In the event you encounter Turnitin errors, such as “failed” or “queued”, do
NOT resubmit your assessment file. Allow the system some time to update information.
, 2
SMA3705
ASSESSMENT 2_SEMESTER 1_2025
9) Take note of the mark allocation for each question. This will give you an indication of the
number of facts that should be discussed. Make sure that each question and sub-questions
are clearly numbered. You don’t need to copy the assessment questions. Complete the
declaration and start answering the assessment by numbering each specific question.
10) You will receive feedback via myUnisa.
11) Please ensure that you submitted a declaration.
12) Please ensure that your PDF document is NOT encrypted to a “secured” mode or password
protected or infected by any virus. Protected documents can’t be marked and will receive 0%.
13) You are welcome to contact your lecturer via email should you require guidance regarding
the completion of this assessment. You can reach Ms P Saliwe at .
Completing your assessment:
STEP 1: Download and save the template file
Save your answer file as:
“SMA3705_ Assignment_2_Studentnumber_Surname”
STEP 2: Complete the declaration of assessment
Complete the declaration details with your personal information and save these changes.
STEP 3: Complete all the sections of the Assignment
The Assignment consists of the following sections that you have to complete:
Declaration of own work (copy/retype/rewrite and complete)
Assignment questions (answer and complete)
List of references (referencing of all sources consulted)
Self-assessment checklist (copy/retype/rewrite and complete)
This should all be in ONE PDF DOCUMENT.
STEP 4: Ensure that you complete all the required tasks in all the sections
Complete the checklist at the end of the assessment before converting the document to PDF and
submitting your assessment.
STEP 5: Submit your assessment
You need to submit your answer file online via myUnisa. Paper-based, e-mailed or posted
documents will not be accepted. Ensure that you keep a copy of the document that you
submitted AND keep your proof of submission via myUnisa.
Good luck with the assessment.
2
, 3
SMA3705
ASSESSMENT 2_SEMESTER 1_2025
NO EXTENSIONS WILL BE GRANTED ON THE SUBMISSION OF THIS ASSESSMENT.
3
, 4
SMA3705
ASSESSMENT 2_SEMESTER 1_2025
SECTION A: DECLARATION
Note that the assessment will not be marked if this declaration has not been
completed.
Declaration of own work
I hereby declare that the material which I now submit for assessment is entirely my
own work and has not been taken from the work of others. Work that was constructed
from other sources has been duly referenced.
Full name & surname:
Student number:
Signature:
(electronic / digital handwritten signature / initial(s) and surname)
Cellphone number:
4
, 5
SMA3705
ASSESSMENT 2_SEMESTER 1_2025
SECTION B: SCENARIOS
Read the fictitious scenario below.
Smith Technical Inc., a mid-sized software development company, is preparing to
launch a new cloud-based application designed for financial institutions.
Recognising the critical importance of cybersecurity in protecting sensitive financial
data, the company's risk management team decides to employ the bow-tie analysis
method to identify potential threats and implement effective controls. To mitigate
these risks, Smith Technical Inc. implements several safety barriers.
Read through the scenario and answer the following questions. Remember that when
you answer the questions, you must provide facts from your source(s) as you are not
allowed to copy information. Always reference the source of your information (in-text
and list of references).
QUESTION 1 [25]
1.1 Express your understanding of what the centre event in a bowtie model entails(3)
The Centre Event (CE) in a bowtie model refers to the critical point where control over a
hazard is lost, resulting in the occurrence of an incident. It represents the moment when a
hazard transitions into an actual event, such as a fall from height or contact with moving
machinery.
The CE forms the core of the bowtie model, dividing it into two parts:
The left-hand side (LHS) shows the causes or threats that can lead to the centre
event.
The right-hand side (RHS) shows the consequences or outcomes that may result
after the centre event has occurred.
In essence, the centre event is not the cause or the consequence, but rather the point of
failure or loss of control that links both sides. It is important because it helps organisations
identify where preventive and corrective controls should be applied to reduce risk.
5
SMA3705
Manufacturing Process Safety
Semester 1 - 2025
Unique number: 865641
50 Marks
Name & Surname: Student number:
This assessment consists of ten (10) pages.
Instructions:
1) The aim of this assessment is to test your knowledge on the key learning outcomes of this
module.
2) You need to answer all the questions as all four questions are compulsory.
3) Download the Assignment 2 document from myUnisa and save your answer file as
“SMA3705_Assignment_2_Studentnumber_Surname”
4) Assessments should be typed in Arial, font size 12, with 1.5 line spacing.
5) Although it is strongly suggested that you type your responses to this assessment, you may
submit handwritten assessments by printing this document, completing it by hand, scanning
it in and uploading it onto myUnisa. Please write legibly.
6) It is important to include in-text citations and a list of references as part of the assessment,
even if you use the study guide, case study and prescribed textbook. Each additional source
that you may be required to consult, should also be referenced.
7) Referencing should be done according to the Harvard referencing method.
8) Do not copy directly from any source (including your study guide) as Unisa’s plagiarism policy
is applicable to this assessment. Plagiarism will not be allowed and may result in
disciplinary action if detected. Turnitin is plagiarism software that facilitates checks for
originality in students’ submissions against internal and external sources. Once Turnitin
results have been processed, all written assessments submitted will be allocated a similarity
index percentage. In the event you encounter Turnitin errors, such as “failed” or “queued”, do
NOT resubmit your assessment file. Allow the system some time to update information.
, 2
SMA3705
ASSESSMENT 2_SEMESTER 1_2025
9) Take note of the mark allocation for each question. This will give you an indication of the
number of facts that should be discussed. Make sure that each question and sub-questions
are clearly numbered. You don’t need to copy the assessment questions. Complete the
declaration and start answering the assessment by numbering each specific question.
10) You will receive feedback via myUnisa.
11) Please ensure that you submitted a declaration.
12) Please ensure that your PDF document is NOT encrypted to a “secured” mode or password
protected or infected by any virus. Protected documents can’t be marked and will receive 0%.
13) You are welcome to contact your lecturer via email should you require guidance regarding
the completion of this assessment. You can reach Ms P Saliwe at .
Completing your assessment:
STEP 1: Download and save the template file
Save your answer file as:
“SMA3705_ Assignment_2_Studentnumber_Surname”
STEP 2: Complete the declaration of assessment
Complete the declaration details with your personal information and save these changes.
STEP 3: Complete all the sections of the Assignment
The Assignment consists of the following sections that you have to complete:
Declaration of own work (copy/retype/rewrite and complete)
Assignment questions (answer and complete)
List of references (referencing of all sources consulted)
Self-assessment checklist (copy/retype/rewrite and complete)
This should all be in ONE PDF DOCUMENT.
STEP 4: Ensure that you complete all the required tasks in all the sections
Complete the checklist at the end of the assessment before converting the document to PDF and
submitting your assessment.
STEP 5: Submit your assessment
You need to submit your answer file online via myUnisa. Paper-based, e-mailed or posted
documents will not be accepted. Ensure that you keep a copy of the document that you
submitted AND keep your proof of submission via myUnisa.
Good luck with the assessment.
2
, 3
SMA3705
ASSESSMENT 2_SEMESTER 1_2025
NO EXTENSIONS WILL BE GRANTED ON THE SUBMISSION OF THIS ASSESSMENT.
3
, 4
SMA3705
ASSESSMENT 2_SEMESTER 1_2025
SECTION A: DECLARATION
Note that the assessment will not be marked if this declaration has not been
completed.
Declaration of own work
I hereby declare that the material which I now submit for assessment is entirely my
own work and has not been taken from the work of others. Work that was constructed
from other sources has been duly referenced.
Full name & surname:
Student number:
Signature:
(electronic / digital handwritten signature / initial(s) and surname)
Cellphone number:
4
, 5
SMA3705
ASSESSMENT 2_SEMESTER 1_2025
SECTION B: SCENARIOS
Read the fictitious scenario below.
Smith Technical Inc., a mid-sized software development company, is preparing to
launch a new cloud-based application designed for financial institutions.
Recognising the critical importance of cybersecurity in protecting sensitive financial
data, the company's risk management team decides to employ the bow-tie analysis
method to identify potential threats and implement effective controls. To mitigate
these risks, Smith Technical Inc. implements several safety barriers.
Read through the scenario and answer the following questions. Remember that when
you answer the questions, you must provide facts from your source(s) as you are not
allowed to copy information. Always reference the source of your information (in-text
and list of references).
QUESTION 1 [25]
1.1 Express your understanding of what the centre event in a bowtie model entails(3)
The Centre Event (CE) in a bowtie model refers to the critical point where control over a
hazard is lost, resulting in the occurrence of an incident. It represents the moment when a
hazard transitions into an actual event, such as a fall from height or contact with moving
machinery.
The CE forms the core of the bowtie model, dividing it into two parts:
The left-hand side (LHS) shows the causes or threats that can lead to the centre
event.
The right-hand side (RHS) shows the consequences or outcomes that may result
after the centre event has occurred.
In essence, the centre event is not the cause or the consequence, but rather the point of
failure or loss of control that links both sides. It is important because it helps organisations
identify where preventive and corrective controls should be applied to reduce risk.
5
