Summary The tools for calculations

Semester 2 Equations
-
ids and Bases


°




Percentage Ionisation : . ionisation = concentration ionised

concentration
original
°


. ionisation =




-
Cid dissociation constant : a -
-

-3




Base
3÷
dissociation constant : b-




>
and
eating
:
a b a b .




g g
'
I a :
s a a 3 b o b b




-



p

g
-


-3
g
-




p
-




p
i
s




p
-



-




o s
g
- - -
: -




Relating p and o
-


]
p
- -

:




Ion product of Water :
-


-3
-


.




I sure water : -3
-


.




Alayka Haridass

, base salt

enderson-asseoach-quation.is o
g
- -

a weak acid



base salt
3-
g a
g weak acid




acid salt
3 I b
g weak base
-




acid salt
3
g b
g weak base
-




> tima a- for a Buffer Soution & Midpoint of indicator 's colour Transition

Range : ] a 3


" -
efficient co-efficient

Soubiity Product :
sp nion cation

" '
efficient co-efficient

On Product : Initio ion In;fia ion

if sp precipitation



Weak Acids
strong Acids : :



-
Cl hydrochloric acid -


z nitrous acid
-
3r hydrobromic acid -2s 3 sulfurous acid

acid Ch acid
hydroiodic Chlorus
-
-


z


Cl perchloric acid Cl acid
hypochlorous
-
-


4

-


Clg ohloric acid -62-3 2 acetic acid

-25 4
sulfuric acid -2C as carbonic acid
>
-



3
nitric acid -3
phosphoric acid

hydrofluoric acid
- -




-

§ hydrosulfuric acid
C
hydrocyanic acid
-




-

C -

formic acid





Alayka Haridass