Page 1 of 213
WGU D236 - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OA EXAM (3
VERSIONS) | FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS | BRAND NEW! | WGU
Explain Starling's Law of Capillary Forces and how it causes
edema. - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Starling's hypothesis states that the
fluid movement due to filtration across the wall of a capillary is
dependent on the balance between the hydrostatic pressure
gradient and the pressure gradient across the capillary. This
causes edema by the retention of water in the tissues instead of
vascular system.
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > It is an
autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own Ach
receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the
course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty
swallowing.
Why is it important to maintain a homeostatic balance of glucose
in the blood? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > glucose is used for energy and
is not synthesized by the brain, so it is needed to maintain
brain/motor functions
,Page 2 of 213
Compare and contrast Type I and Type II Diabetes - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > Type 1- The body's immune system destroys the cells in
the pancreas that produces insulin (typically in kids/ teens)
Type 2- "insulin resistance" - when cells fail to respond normally
to the hormone insulin.
Differentiate between Innate Immunity and Adaptive Immunity -
✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Innate immunity is the body's first line of
defense against pathogens. It is general and non-specific, which
means it does not differentiate between types of pathogens.
Adaptive immunity is a type of immunity that is built up as we are
exposed to diseases or get vaccinated.
dermatitis - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > inflammation of the skin
eczema - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > noninfectious, inflammatory skin
disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > sore caused by lying down for
long periods of time
Fungal infections - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > superficial, localized skin
conditions or deep tissue infections caused by exposure to
spores
,Page 3 of 213
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > noncancerous growths,
stationary, distinct borders
malignant neoplasm - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > uncontrolled new tissue
growth, irregular borders, spreads
Osteoporosis - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > The loss of bone mass often due
to age, causing the bones to become porous, brittle, and easily
fractured.
osteomalacia - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > disease marked by softening of
the bone caused by calcium and vitamin D deficiency
myoglobin - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > red pigment that stores oxygen in
muscle cells
Bursa - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > fluid-filled sac that allows for easy
movement of one part of a joint over another
, Page 4 of 213
Rickets - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > a vitamin D deficiency in children,
resulting in soft bones
Degenerative disk disease - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > A condition in
which an intervertebral disk loses its normal structural integrity
as a result of wear and tear, acute or repeated injuries or aging
Paget disease - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Chronic inflammation of bones,
resulting in thickening and softening of bones, that can occur in
any bone but most commonly affects the long bones of the legs,
the lower spine, the pelvis, and the skull
communiuted fracture - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > splintered into many
pieces
Three types of skin cancer - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > 1. Basal cell
carcinoma
2. Squamous cell carcinoma
3. Melanoma
basal cell carcinoma - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Most common and least
severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly
nodules. Rarely metastasize, most common on face due to sun
exposure
WGU D236 - PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OA EXAM (3
VERSIONS) | FREQUENTLY TESTED QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS | BRAND NEW! | WGU
Explain Starling's Law of Capillary Forces and how it causes
edema. - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Starling's hypothesis states that the
fluid movement due to filtration across the wall of a capillary is
dependent on the balance between the hydrostatic pressure
gradient and the pressure gradient across the capillary. This
causes edema by the retention of water in the tissues instead of
vascular system.
Describe Myasthenia Gravis - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > It is an
autoimmune disorder where antibodies attack own Ach
receptors. This causes weakness of skeletal muscles over the
course of the day, along with ptosis, double vision, and difficulty
swallowing.
Why is it important to maintain a homeostatic balance of glucose
in the blood? - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > glucose is used for energy and
is not synthesized by the brain, so it is needed to maintain
brain/motor functions
,Page 2 of 213
Compare and contrast Type I and Type II Diabetes - ✔✔✔ Correct
Answer > Type 1- The body's immune system destroys the cells in
the pancreas that produces insulin (typically in kids/ teens)
Type 2- "insulin resistance" - when cells fail to respond normally
to the hormone insulin.
Differentiate between Innate Immunity and Adaptive Immunity -
✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Innate immunity is the body's first line of
defense against pathogens. It is general and non-specific, which
means it does not differentiate between types of pathogens.
Adaptive immunity is a type of immunity that is built up as we are
exposed to diseases or get vaccinated.
dermatitis - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > inflammation of the skin
eczema - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > noninfectious, inflammatory skin
disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching
decubitus ulcer - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > sore caused by lying down for
long periods of time
Fungal infections - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > superficial, localized skin
conditions or deep tissue infections caused by exposure to
spores
,Page 3 of 213
may or may not be transmitted
benign neoplasm - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > noncancerous growths,
stationary, distinct borders
malignant neoplasm - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > uncontrolled new tissue
growth, irregular borders, spreads
Osteoporosis - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > The loss of bone mass often due
to age, causing the bones to become porous, brittle, and easily
fractured.
osteomalacia - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > disease marked by softening of
the bone caused by calcium and vitamin D deficiency
myoglobin - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > red pigment that stores oxygen in
muscle cells
Bursa - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > fluid-filled sac that allows for easy
movement of one part of a joint over another
, Page 4 of 213
Rickets - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > a vitamin D deficiency in children,
resulting in soft bones
Degenerative disk disease - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > A condition in
which an intervertebral disk loses its normal structural integrity
as a result of wear and tear, acute or repeated injuries or aging
Paget disease - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Chronic inflammation of bones,
resulting in thickening and softening of bones, that can occur in
any bone but most commonly affects the long bones of the legs,
the lower spine, the pelvis, and the skull
communiuted fracture - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > splintered into many
pieces
Three types of skin cancer - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > 1. Basal cell
carcinoma
2. Squamous cell carcinoma
3. Melanoma
basal cell carcinoma - ✔✔✔ Correct Answer > Most common and least
severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly
nodules. Rarely metastasize, most common on face due to sun
exposure
