Summary Math literacy IEB Gr 10-12 definitions/terminology

MATH LIT DEFINTIONS
(IEB)

, BASIC SKILLS
 Direct Proportion: When one quantity increases/decreases, the other also increases/decreases
by the same amount.
 Indirect Proportion: When one quantity increases while the other decreases proportionally.
 Proportion: Two ratios that equal one another.
 Rate: A comparison between two quantities of different units.
 Scientific Notation: A method of writing large or small numbers in a shorter form.
 Significant Digits: Digits of a number that are known with certainty. When reading from left to
right, the first significant digit is the first non-zero digit. All digits after that are also
significant.Measurement
 BMI (Body Mass Index): A calculation used to determine if a person is underweight, normal,
overweight, or obese using mass and height.
 Conversion: Changing a measurement unit into another (e.g. cm to m).
 Estimate: A rough calculation close to the exact answer.
 Foreign Currency: Money used in another country.
 Growth Charts: Graphs showing physical development over time.
 Indigenous Measurement: Traditional ways of measuring using body parts or local tools.
 Measure: To find the size, length, mass, or volume of something.
 Measurement: The result after measuring using standard units.
 Percentile Curve: A graph line showing how a value compares to others.
 Percentiles: Show where a value falls in a group of data.
 Perimeter: The total distance around a shape.
 Ratio: Comparison of two quantities.
 Spread Rate: How fast something changes or increases over time.
 Surface Area: The total area covering the outside of a 3-D object.
 Tide Table: A schedule showing high and low tides.
 Travel Timetable: A chart showing departure and arrival times.
 Unit of Measurement: Standard value used to measure (cm, kg, L).
 Vertical: A straight up-and-down direction.
 Volume: The amount of space an object occupies.

MAPS & PLANS
 2-D Drawings: Flat drawings with length and width only.
 2-D Plans: Flat layouts showing rooms or spaces from above.
 3-D Models: Objects showing length, width, and height.
 Scale: Relationship between map distance and real distance.
 Area: Space inside a shape or region.
 Bar Scales: A visual line showing distance on maps.
 Compass Directions: North, South, East, West used for direction.
 Elevation Plans: Side views showing height of buildings.
 Floor Plans: Top view of a building showing room layout.
 GPS: System using satellites to find exact location.
 Latitude: Horizontal lines measuring north or south of the equator.
 Longitude: Vertical lines measuring east or west of Greenwich.
 Number Scales: Written scale form (e.g. 1:1000).
 Scale Drawing: Drawing made using a fixed scale.
 Strip Chart: Diagram showing route with distances.
 Travel Timetable: Table showing travel times and stops.


PROBABILITY
 Add Probabilities: Finding chance by adding separate outcomes.
 Betting Odds: Numbers showing chance of winning or losing.
 Bias: Results affected by unfair influence.
 Chance: Likelihood of something happening.
 Event: A specific outcome in probability.
 Historical Information: Past data used to predict future outcomes.
 Likelihood: How probable an event is.
 Lottery: Game of chance with random numbers.
 Non-replacement: Items are not put back after selection.

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