Grade 12 Life Sciences
DNA,RNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
DNA is known at the code of life because of how it contains codes of how organism
should be. We all have our own unique DNA with a little similarity to those we are
related to. DNA is an abbreviation for Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is in the nucleus
within each cell in our bodies and found within the chromosome.
Function of DNA
It is important for the transformation of hereditary genes from a parent cell to
the next generation.
It is important for the creation of proteins (process known as protein
synthesis)
Structure of DNA
1
, The images above illustrate the picture of how DNA AND RNA looks like.
DNA is made up on units known as nucleotides ,where we find the sugar molecule,
phosphate portion and nitrogen base. The sugar molecule in DNA is know as
deoxyribose. We have two groups of nitrogenous bases known as purines and
pyrimidines. DNA is double stranded and double helix ,meaning that it is wind up
instead of being straight.
Adenine and Guanine are known as purines.
Cytosine and Thymine are known as pyrimidines.
Purines matches with pyrimidines to create a complementary base. This means that
Adenine matches with Thymine and Guanine with Cytosine .The sugar molecule is
attached to phosphate portion and that is attached to the nitrogen base ,the chain
goes on until it is long . The same process happens on the opposite side and a weak
hydrogen bond attach the nitrogen base with each other and that result into a double
stranded .
2
DNA,RNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
DNA is known at the code of life because of how it contains codes of how organism
should be. We all have our own unique DNA with a little similarity to those we are
related to. DNA is an abbreviation for Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is in the nucleus
within each cell in our bodies and found within the chromosome.
Function of DNA
It is important for the transformation of hereditary genes from a parent cell to
the next generation.
It is important for the creation of proteins (process known as protein
synthesis)
Structure of DNA
1
, The images above illustrate the picture of how DNA AND RNA looks like.
DNA is made up on units known as nucleotides ,where we find the sugar molecule,
phosphate portion and nitrogen base. The sugar molecule in DNA is know as
deoxyribose. We have two groups of nitrogenous bases known as purines and
pyrimidines. DNA is double stranded and double helix ,meaning that it is wind up
instead of being straight.
Adenine and Guanine are known as purines.
Cytosine and Thymine are known as pyrimidines.
Purines matches with pyrimidines to create a complementary base. This means that
Adenine matches with Thymine and Guanine with Cytosine .The sugar molecule is
attached to phosphate portion and that is attached to the nitrogen base ,the chain
goes on until it is long . The same process happens on the opposite side and a weak
hydrogen bond attach the nitrogen base with each other and that result into a double
stranded .
2
