EXAMINATION METHOD :
-ANATOMY
1 INSPECTION outer ear external
>
-
:
pinna ,
pinna position size shape auditory canal 3 eardrum
scarsSwellingtry
- :
,
(tympanic membrane)
aurice cauliflower ears bat s i s ,
>
-
middle ear: inner
layer of
-
for inflammation externally any obvious ear discharge the tympanic membrane the ,
>
-
↳ types of otitis externa :
tympanic cavity the ossicles , ,
-
acute localised otitis externa : outer 3rd of the auditory Canal the Eustachian tube 3 the
farm of furunculosis's
·
a a result of s sureus infection
.
mastoid air cells
-
acute diffuse otitis externa : aka Swimmer's ear
.
> inner
-
ear : Vestibular 3
·
excessive moisture , heat humidity , lass of protective strumen sochlear parts
& an increase in pH -
balance i hearing parts
·
may be a small amount of white clumpy discharge,
-
Chronic otitis externa : result of repeated local irritation
·
may be due to persistent drainage of a chranic middle ear infection
·
insertion of foreign bodies into the ear
malignant (invasive) otitis externa aggressive' sometimes life-threatening
HISTORY
-
:
condition - (SYMPTOMS)
·
affects elderly diabetics's immunocompromised patients
> look for
signs of gouti taphi (nodular firm pale nan-tender chalky depositions > outer ear : itch , erythema 3 discharge /perforated drum's infection or otitis
-
-
, ,
of urate in the cartilage of the earl external
-
perforated tympanic membrane >
-
cheesy ,
white discharge
>
-
middle ear : infection which causes pain
2 PALPATE tinner ear : deafness" balance problems including vertiga 3 tinnitus
>
-
the pinna for nodules or
swelling -
drugs are a common cause
>
-
deafness may be due to c
a onductive problem because of abnormalities of :
-
outer ear
OTOSCOPE EXAMINATION
EARS
3
-
eardrum
essential far pts infection dizziness ossicles
>
presenting with upper respiratory trast
- -
.
, ,
facial weakness or head injury > or
-
sensorineural because of abnormalities of the:
-
inner ear
Technique: ask pt to turn head slightly to the side, pull the pinna up, out & back to straighten the ear canal
-
acoustic nerve
- steady the instrument on the pts cheek & prevent sudden movements of the pts head >
-
sudden hearing lass is an
emergency , causes include :
- hold instrument in a downward position with the right hand viral
-
infection
-
bacterial meningitis
-
migraine
>
-
loak at the external canal far
any evidence of inflammation or
discharge
-
acoustic neurama
-
ear wax :
white/yellowish translucent shiny ; can be maist/hard B -
head injury
impacted -
doug reactions
-
blood/6S7
watery clear fluid :
,
-
sarcoidasis
> inspect
-
the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
normal
-
pearly grey solour ovaid in shape semitransparent
:
,
from the lower end of the handle a bright cone of light should
-
be visible :
the light reflex
-
look for evidence of dilated bload vessels
-
look for bulging/retraction
bulging can suggest underlying fluid or pus
·
4 TEST HEARING
·
retraction is a
sign of a blocked Eustachian tube
>
-
whisper words into 1 of the pts ears while the
other ear is blocked by a finger
> stand
-
behind
pt to prevent lip reading
>
-
Rinne's test/Weber's test are performed if
deafness is suspectedsnat very useful screening
tests)
normal perforated tympanic membrane
otitis media with hyperaemia
-ANATOMY
1 INSPECTION outer ear external
>
-
:
pinna ,
pinna position size shape auditory canal 3 eardrum
scarsSwellingtry
- :
,
(tympanic membrane)
aurice cauliflower ears bat s i s ,
>
-
middle ear: inner
layer of
-
for inflammation externally any obvious ear discharge the tympanic membrane the ,
>
-
↳ types of otitis externa :
tympanic cavity the ossicles , ,
-
acute localised otitis externa : outer 3rd of the auditory Canal the Eustachian tube 3 the
farm of furunculosis's
·
a a result of s sureus infection
.
mastoid air cells
-
acute diffuse otitis externa : aka Swimmer's ear
.
> inner
-
ear : Vestibular 3
·
excessive moisture , heat humidity , lass of protective strumen sochlear parts
& an increase in pH -
balance i hearing parts
·
may be a small amount of white clumpy discharge,
-
Chronic otitis externa : result of repeated local irritation
·
may be due to persistent drainage of a chranic middle ear infection
·
insertion of foreign bodies into the ear
malignant (invasive) otitis externa aggressive' sometimes life-threatening
HISTORY
-
:
condition - (SYMPTOMS)
·
affects elderly diabetics's immunocompromised patients
> look for
signs of gouti taphi (nodular firm pale nan-tender chalky depositions > outer ear : itch , erythema 3 discharge /perforated drum's infection or otitis
-
-
, ,
of urate in the cartilage of the earl external
-
perforated tympanic membrane >
-
cheesy ,
white discharge
>
-
middle ear : infection which causes pain
2 PALPATE tinner ear : deafness" balance problems including vertiga 3 tinnitus
>
-
the pinna for nodules or
swelling -
drugs are a common cause
>
-
deafness may be due to c
a onductive problem because of abnormalities of :
-
outer ear
OTOSCOPE EXAMINATION
EARS
3
-
eardrum
essential far pts infection dizziness ossicles
>
presenting with upper respiratory trast
- -
.
, ,
facial weakness or head injury > or
-
sensorineural because of abnormalities of the:
-
inner ear
Technique: ask pt to turn head slightly to the side, pull the pinna up, out & back to straighten the ear canal
-
acoustic nerve
- steady the instrument on the pts cheek & prevent sudden movements of the pts head >
-
sudden hearing lass is an
emergency , causes include :
- hold instrument in a downward position with the right hand viral
-
infection
-
bacterial meningitis
-
migraine
>
-
loak at the external canal far
any evidence of inflammation or
discharge
-
acoustic neurama
-
ear wax :
white/yellowish translucent shiny ; can be maist/hard B -
head injury
impacted -
doug reactions
-
blood/6S7
watery clear fluid :
,
-
sarcoidasis
> inspect
-
the tympanic membrane (eardrum)
normal
-
pearly grey solour ovaid in shape semitransparent
:
,
from the lower end of the handle a bright cone of light should
-
be visible :
the light reflex
-
look for evidence of dilated bload vessels
-
look for bulging/retraction
bulging can suggest underlying fluid or pus
·
4 TEST HEARING
·
retraction is a
sign of a blocked Eustachian tube
>
-
whisper words into 1 of the pts ears while the
other ear is blocked by a finger
> stand
-
behind
pt to prevent lip reading
>
-
Rinne's test/Weber's test are performed if
deafness is suspectedsnat very useful screening
tests)
normal perforated tympanic membrane
otitis media with hyperaemia
