,Foreword
In order to improve learning outcomes the Department of Basic Education conducted research
to determine the specific areas that learners struggle with in Grade 12 examinations. The research
included a trend analysis by subject experts of learner performance over a period of five years
as well as learner examination scripts in order to diagnose deficiencies or misconceptions in
particular content areas. In addition, expert teachers were interviewed to determine the best
practicesto ensure mastery of thetopic by learners and improve outcomes in terms of quality and
quantity.
The results of the research formed the foundation and guiding principles for the development of
the booklets. In each identified subject, key content areas were identified for the development of
material that will significantly improve learner's conceptual understanding whilst leading to improved
performance in the subject.
The booklets are developed as part of a series of booklets, with each bookletfocussing onlyon
one specific challenging topic. The selected content is explained in detail and include relevant
concepts from Grades 10 - 12 to ensure conceptual understanding.
The main purpose of these booklets is to assist learners to master the content starting from a
basic conceptual level of understanding to the more advanced level. The content in each booklets
is presented in an easy to understand manner including the use of mind maps, summaries and
exercises to support understanding and conceptual progression. These booklets should ideally
be used as part of a focussed revision or enrichment program by learners after the topics have
been taught in class. The booklets encourage learners to take ownership of their own learning
and focus on developing and mastery critical content and skills such as reading and higher order
thinking skills.
Teachers are also encouraged to infuse the content into existing lesson preparation to ensure in-
depth curriculum coverage of a particular topic. Due to the nature of the booklets covering only
one topic, teachers are encouraged to ensure learners access to the booklets in either print or
digital form if a particular topic is taught.
, Contents
1. Foreword I
2. How to use this study guide 1
3. Study and examination tips 2
3.1 Tips for Physical Sciences Paper One 2
3.2 Tips for Newton’s Laws 4
4. Overview of Newton’s Laws 5
5. Newton’s laws of motion 6
5.1 Newton’s first law of motion 10
5.2 Newton’s second law of motion 11
5.3 Newton’s third law of motion 12
5.4 Application of Newton’s laws of motion 14
6. Check your answers 20
7. Message to Grade 12 learners from the writers 24
8. Thank you and acknowledgements 24
ii
In order to improve learning outcomes the Department of Basic Education conducted research
to determine the specific areas that learners struggle with in Grade 12 examinations. The research
included a trend analysis by subject experts of learner performance over a period of five years
as well as learner examination scripts in order to diagnose deficiencies or misconceptions in
particular content areas. In addition, expert teachers were interviewed to determine the best
practicesto ensure mastery of thetopic by learners and improve outcomes in terms of quality and
quantity.
The results of the research formed the foundation and guiding principles for the development of
the booklets. In each identified subject, key content areas were identified for the development of
material that will significantly improve learner's conceptual understanding whilst leading to improved
performance in the subject.
The booklets are developed as part of a series of booklets, with each bookletfocussing onlyon
one specific challenging topic. The selected content is explained in detail and include relevant
concepts from Grades 10 - 12 to ensure conceptual understanding.
The main purpose of these booklets is to assist learners to master the content starting from a
basic conceptual level of understanding to the more advanced level. The content in each booklets
is presented in an easy to understand manner including the use of mind maps, summaries and
exercises to support understanding and conceptual progression. These booklets should ideally
be used as part of a focussed revision or enrichment program by learners after the topics have
been taught in class. The booklets encourage learners to take ownership of their own learning
and focus on developing and mastery critical content and skills such as reading and higher order
thinking skills.
Teachers are also encouraged to infuse the content into existing lesson preparation to ensure in-
depth curriculum coverage of a particular topic. Due to the nature of the booklets covering only
one topic, teachers are encouraged to ensure learners access to the booklets in either print or
digital form if a particular topic is taught.
, Contents
1. Foreword I
2. How to use this study guide 1
3. Study and examination tips 2
3.1 Tips for Physical Sciences Paper One 2
3.2 Tips for Newton’s Laws 4
4. Overview of Newton’s Laws 5
5. Newton’s laws of motion 6
5.1 Newton’s first law of motion 10
5.2 Newton’s second law of motion 11
5.3 Newton’s third law of motion 12
5.4 Application of Newton’s laws of motion 14
6. Check your answers 20
7. Message to Grade 12 learners from the writers 24
8. Thank you and acknowledgements 24
ii
