NRSG 2350 LATEST 2026 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Schedule 3 drugs - ✔✔• Less abuse potential than schedule 1&2 drugs
• Accepted medical uses
• Moderate or low physical dependence
• High psychological dependence
(Tylenol with codeine), ketamine, anabolic steroids, testosterone
✔✔Schedule 4 drugs - ✔✔• Lower abuse potential than schedule 3 drugs
• Accepted medical uses
• Limited physical or psychological dependence
Xanax, Soma, Darvon, Darvocet, Valium, Ativan, Talwin, Ambien, Tramadol
✔✔Schedule 5 drugs - ✔✔Limited potential for abuse, Ex: cough syrup w/codeine.
Schedule V drugs are generally used for antidiarrheal, antitussive, and analgesic
purposes.
✔✔Pregnancy Categories - ✔✔A- Safe
B- Problems in Animals, Not Humans
C- Caution, if benefits outweigh the risks you can use it
X- NEVER.
✔✔Chain of Infection - ✔✔infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of
transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
✔✔Factors that make an infection more likely to cause disease - ✔✔● Toxins:
endotoxins and exotoxins
● Adhesion factors: help infective organism stick to the body
● Evasive factors: prevent immune system from killing infective agent
● Invasive factors: facilitate penetration of anatomic barriers
✔✔Disease Course - ✔✔1. Incubation stage
2. Prodromal stage (most infectious)
3. Acute Stage
4. Convalescent Stage
5. Resolution Stage
✔✔Leukocytosis - ✔✔abnormally high WBC count indicates bacterial/viral infection
✔✔Monocytes - ✔✔An agranular leukocyte that is able to migrate into tissues and
transform into a macrophage.
✔✔Macrophages - ✔✔-Found within the lymph nodes
, -Phagocytes that destroy bacteria, cancer cells, and other foreign matter in the
lymphatic stream.
✔✔Antibiotic classes that inhibit protein synthesis - ✔✔erythromycin,
tetracycline,
chloramphenicol, and
aminoglycosides
Bacterialcidal
✔✔Beta-lactam antibiotics - ✔✔Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams
Bacterialcidal
✔✔Aminoglycosides - ✔✔a class of antibiotics used to treat serious infections caused
by bacteria that either multiply very quickly or are difficult to treat.
Bactericidal
✔✔How do aminoglycosides work? - ✔✔inhibition of protein synthesis- blocks the
ribosome from reading the mRNA. Bactericidal (kills bacteria).
✔✔Aminoglycosides Examples - ✔✔Suffixes: -MYCIN and -MICIN
gentamicin, streptomycin, neomycin, kanamycin
✔✔Contraindications of Aminoglycosides - ✔✔Known allergies, renal or hepatic
disease, hearing loss, musculoskeletal disorders (Parkinson's)
✔✔Side effects of aminoglycosides - ✔✔GI Distress (nausea, vomiting, anorexia); rash
and hives; nephrotoxicity (hurts the kidneys); ototoxicity (hurts the ears); and
neurotoxicity (hurts the brain)
✔✔Uses of Aminoglycosides - ✔✔used to treat gram-negative and gram-positive
bacteria, reduce bacteria in the bowel when patients have having abdominal surgery.
Management of hepatic coma (decreasing ammonia in the intestines).
✔✔Prototype of Aminoglycosides - ✔✔Gentamicin (Garamycin)
✔✔Nursing Considerations of Aminoglycosides - ✔✔Monitor: Renal status, neural
status, Respiratory status; Evaluate any pt comments regarding hearing issues.
✔✔Carbapenems - ✔✔Closely related to penicillins, carbapenems are bactericidal beta-
lactam antibiotics that bind to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
AND SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Schedule 3 drugs - ✔✔• Less abuse potential than schedule 1&2 drugs
• Accepted medical uses
• Moderate or low physical dependence
• High psychological dependence
(Tylenol with codeine), ketamine, anabolic steroids, testosterone
✔✔Schedule 4 drugs - ✔✔• Lower abuse potential than schedule 3 drugs
• Accepted medical uses
• Limited physical or psychological dependence
Xanax, Soma, Darvon, Darvocet, Valium, Ativan, Talwin, Ambien, Tramadol
✔✔Schedule 5 drugs - ✔✔Limited potential for abuse, Ex: cough syrup w/codeine.
Schedule V drugs are generally used for antidiarrheal, antitussive, and analgesic
purposes.
✔✔Pregnancy Categories - ✔✔A- Safe
B- Problems in Animals, Not Humans
C- Caution, if benefits outweigh the risks you can use it
X- NEVER.
✔✔Chain of Infection - ✔✔infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of
transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host
✔✔Factors that make an infection more likely to cause disease - ✔✔● Toxins:
endotoxins and exotoxins
● Adhesion factors: help infective organism stick to the body
● Evasive factors: prevent immune system from killing infective agent
● Invasive factors: facilitate penetration of anatomic barriers
✔✔Disease Course - ✔✔1. Incubation stage
2. Prodromal stage (most infectious)
3. Acute Stage
4. Convalescent Stage
5. Resolution Stage
✔✔Leukocytosis - ✔✔abnormally high WBC count indicates bacterial/viral infection
✔✔Monocytes - ✔✔An agranular leukocyte that is able to migrate into tissues and
transform into a macrophage.
✔✔Macrophages - ✔✔-Found within the lymph nodes
, -Phagocytes that destroy bacteria, cancer cells, and other foreign matter in the
lymphatic stream.
✔✔Antibiotic classes that inhibit protein synthesis - ✔✔erythromycin,
tetracycline,
chloramphenicol, and
aminoglycosides
Bacterialcidal
✔✔Beta-lactam antibiotics - ✔✔Penicillins
Cephalosporins
Carbapenems
Monobactams
Bacterialcidal
✔✔Aminoglycosides - ✔✔a class of antibiotics used to treat serious infections caused
by bacteria that either multiply very quickly or are difficult to treat.
Bactericidal
✔✔How do aminoglycosides work? - ✔✔inhibition of protein synthesis- blocks the
ribosome from reading the mRNA. Bactericidal (kills bacteria).
✔✔Aminoglycosides Examples - ✔✔Suffixes: -MYCIN and -MICIN
gentamicin, streptomycin, neomycin, kanamycin
✔✔Contraindications of Aminoglycosides - ✔✔Known allergies, renal or hepatic
disease, hearing loss, musculoskeletal disorders (Parkinson's)
✔✔Side effects of aminoglycosides - ✔✔GI Distress (nausea, vomiting, anorexia); rash
and hives; nephrotoxicity (hurts the kidneys); ototoxicity (hurts the ears); and
neurotoxicity (hurts the brain)
✔✔Uses of Aminoglycosides - ✔✔used to treat gram-negative and gram-positive
bacteria, reduce bacteria in the bowel when patients have having abdominal surgery.
Management of hepatic coma (decreasing ammonia in the intestines).
✔✔Prototype of Aminoglycosides - ✔✔Gentamicin (Garamycin)
✔✔Nursing Considerations of Aminoglycosides - ✔✔Monitor: Renal status, neural
status, Respiratory status; Evaluate any pt comments regarding hearing issues.
✔✔Carbapenems - ✔✔Closely related to penicillins, carbapenems are bactericidal beta-
lactam antibiotics that bind to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
