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Geography Study Materials | VWO Gymnasium | 2026/2027

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Study document for VWO/Gymnasium Aardrijkskunde (Geography) for the 2026/2027 academic year. This resource covers key geographical concepts, regional studies, and physical geography topics relevant to the VWO curriculum. Ideal for students preparing for exams and looking to consolidate their understanding of geography at the secondary level.

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Domein B – Wereld

B1 · Globalisering Mondiale economie
• Werelddorp: spullen, geld, mensen, ideeën • MNO = multinational actief in meerdere landen
verbinden • Internationale arbeidsverdeling: denk- vs.
• 4 dimensies: economisch, cultureel, politiek, maakwerk
demografisch • Global shift: industrie naar lagelonenlanden
• Tijdruimtecompressie: relatieve afstand wordt • Amerikanisering & lingua franca (Engels)
kleiner • Race to the bottom: landen onderbieden elkaar
• Centrum – semi-periferie – periferie (Wallerstein) • Kwetsbaarheid bij crises (corona, oorlog
• Diffusie, spread-effect, backwash-effect Oekraïne)
• Dekolonisatie → Triade → BRICS → multipolair
• Tegenkrachten: protectionisme, reshoring,
regionalisering



B2 · Indicatoren & ontwikkeling B3 · Grote steden VS
• Demografisch: geboortecijfer, sterftecijfer, • New York: Wall Street, VN, mode, media – global
kindersterfte city
• Economisch: BBP, inkomen per persoon, • Washington D.C.: Witte Huis, IMF, Wereldbank
koopkracht • Los Angeles: Hollywood, haven Pacific Rim
• Sociaal: analfabetisme, verstedelijkingsgraad • BosWash megalopolis (Boston → Washington)
• HDI: inkomen + onderwijs + levensverwachting • Stedelijke geleding: CBD → oude ring → suburbs
(0–1) → edge cities
• Demografische transitie: 5 fasen • Urban sprawl: ongecontroleerde uitbreiding
• Fase 2: sterfte daalt, geboorte hoog → explosie
• Fase 5: krimp + vergrijzing (Japan, Duitsland)
• Push/pull-factoren migratie; remittances



Stedelijke begrippen Ketenredenering
• Gentrification: rijkere bewoners verdringen armen • Gebruik 'waardoor' en 'dus' minstens 3× op rij
• Segregatie: bevolkingsgroepen wonen apart • Voorbeeld: lage lonen → fabrieken verhuizen →
• Sociale polarisatie: top & bodem groeien uit elkaar werkloosheid NW-Europa
• Gated community: ommuurde wijk voor rijken • World city keten: Wall Street → topbanen →
• Schaduweconomie / informele sector migranten → segregatie
• Hub-en-spoke, mainport, creatieve stad • Schaalniveau benoemen: lokaal / regionaal /
mondiaal

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Level
School year
6
Uploaded on
August 30, 2026
Number of pages
4
Written in
2026/2027
Type
Exam (elaborations)
Contains
Questions & answers
€6,16

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