TEST BANK
For
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process
9th Edition
Linda Lane Lilley, Shelly Rainforth Collins, Julie S. Snyder
Chapter 1-58
careers.________________________________________1. Business Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares students for leadership and management roles in various industries. It
focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics like a on Deductions**: - Certain expenses, such as meals and
entertainment, have specific limits (e.g., meals are typically only 50% deductible). Understanding these limits is vital for effective tax planning.#### 3. Tax CreditsTax credits directly reduce the tax liability, providing a dollar-for-dollar reduction of taxes
owed.- **Types of Tax Credits**: - Examples include
, Contents
careers.________________________________________1. Business Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares students for leadership and management roles in various industries. It
focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics like a
Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Drug Therapy ..................................................................................... 4
Chapter 02: Pharmacologic Principles ........................................................................................................... 8
Chapter 03: Lifespan Considerations ........................................................................................................... 14
Chapter 04: Cultural, Legal, and Ethical Considerations .............................................................................. 20
Chapter 05: Medication Errors: Preventing and Responding ...................................................................... 26
Chapter 06: Patient Education and Drug Therapy ....................................................................................... 29
Chapter 07: Over-the-Counter Drugs and Herbal and Dietary Supplements .............................................. 34
Chapter 08: Gene Therapy and Pharmacogenomics ................................................................................... 38
Chapter 09: Photo Atlas of Drug Administration ......................................................................................... 41
Chapter 10: Analgesic Drugs........................................................................................................................ 50
Chapter 11: General and Local Anesthetics................................................................................................. 57
Chapter 12: Central Nervous System Depressants and Muscle Relaxants .................................................. 61
Chapter 13: Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs .......................................................... 66
Chapter 14: Antiepileptic Drugs .................................................................................................................. 70
Chapter 15: Antiparkinson D r u g s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N. .U. . .R. . S. .I. N
. . .G. . .T. .B. . ..C. . .O. . M............................................ 76
Chapter 16: Psychotherapeutic Drugs ......................................................................................................... 81
Chapter 17: Substance Use Disorder ........................................................................................................... 88
Chapter 18: Adrenergic Drugs ..................................................................................................................... 93
Chapter 19: Adrenergic-Blocking Drugs ...................................................................................................... 98
Chapter 20: Cholinergic Drugs ................................................................................................................... 103
Chapter 21: Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs .................................................................................................... 108
Chapter 22: Antihypertensive Drugs ......................................................................................................... 113
Chapter 23: Antianginal Drugs .................................................................................................................. 119
Chapter 24: Heart Failure Drugs ................................................................................................................ 125
Chapter 25: Antidysrhythmic Drugs .......................................................................................................... 131
Chapter 26: Coagulation Modifier Drugs................................................................................................... 137
Chapter 27: Antilipemic Drugs................................................................................................................... 143
Chapter 28: Diuretic Drugs ........................................................................................................................ 148
Chapter 29: Fluids and Electrolytes ........................................................................................................... 154
, Chapter 30: Pituitary Drugs ....................................................................................................................... 160
Chapter 31: Thyroid and Antithyroid Drugs .............................................................................................. 163
Chapter 32: Antidiabetic Drugs ................................................................................................................. 168
Chapter 33: Adrenal Drugs ........................................................................................................................ 177
Chapter 34: Women’s Health Drugs .......................................................................................................... 181
Chapter 35: Men’s Health Drugs ............................................................................................................... 188
Chapter 36: Antihistamines, Decongestants, Antitussives, and Expectorants .......................................... 193
Chapter 37: Respiratory Drugs .................................................................................................................. 198
Chapter 38: Antibiotics Part 1 ................................................................................................................... 204
Chapter 39: Antibiotics Part 2 ................................................................................................................... 211
Chapter 40: Antiviral Drugs ....................................................................................................................... 216
Chapter 41: Antitubercular Drugs ............................................................................................................. 221
Chapter 42: Antifungal Drugs .................................................................................................................... 226
Chapter 43: Antimalarial, Antiprotozoal, and Anthelmintic Drugs ............................................................ 231
Chapter 44: Anti-inflammatory and Antigout Drugs ................................................................................. 236
Chapter 45: Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview and Cell Cycle–Specific Drugs ...................... 242
Chapter 46: Antineoplastic Drugs Part 2: Cell Cycle–Nonspecific Drugs and Miscellaneous Drugs .......... 248
Chapter 47: Biologic Response–Modifying and Antirheumatic Drugs ....................................................... 253
Chapter 48: Immunosuppressant Drugs.................................................................................................... 258
Chapter 49: Immunizing Drugs .................................................................................................................. 263
Chapter 50: Acid-Controlling Drugs ........................................................................................................... 268
Chapter 51: Bowel Disorder Drugs ............................................................................................................ 274
Chapter 52: Antiemetic and Antinausea Drugs ......................................................................................... 281
Chapter 53: Vitamins and Minerals ........................................................................................................... 286
Chapter 54: Anemia Drugs......................................................................................................................... 292
Chapter 55: Nutritional Supplements........................................................................................................ 299
Chapter 56: Dermatologic Drugs ............................................................................................................... 304
Chapter 57: Ophthalmic Drugs .................................................................................................................. 310
Chapter 58: Otic Drugs .............................................................................................................................. 315
careers.________________________________________1. Business Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares students for leadership
and management roles in various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics like a
, Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Drug Therapy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse is writing a nursing diagnosis for a plan of care for a patient who has been newly
diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which statement reflects the correct format for a nursing
diagnosis?
a. Anxiety
b. Anxiety related to new drug therapy
c. Anxiety related to anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced by statements
such as ―I‘m upset about having to test my blood sugars.‖
d. Anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as ―I‘m
upset about having to test my blood sugars.‖
ANS: D
Formulation of nursing diagnoses is usually a three-step process. ―Anxiety‖ is missing the
―related to‖ and ―as evidenced by‖ portions of defining characteristics. ―Anxiety related to new
drug therapy‖ is missing the ―as evidenced by‖ portion of defining characteristics. The statement
beginning ―Anxiety related to anxious feelings‖ is incorrect because the ―related to‖ section is
simply a restatement of the problem ―anxiety,‖ not a separate factor related to the response.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing DiagNnUo RsiSs
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
careers.________________________________________1. Business Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares students for leadership and management roles in
various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics like a 3. Tax
CreditsTax credits directly reduce the tax liability, providing a dollar-for-dollar reduction of taxes owed.- **Types of Tax Credits**: - Examples include
2. The patient is to receive oral guaifenesin (Mucinex) twice a day. Today, the nurse was busy and
gave the medication 2 hours after the scheduled dose was due. What type of problem does this
represent?
a. ―Right time‖
b. ―Right dose‖
c. ―Right route‖
d. ―Right medication‖
ANS: A
―Right time‖ is correct because the medication was given more than 30 minutes after the
scheduled dose was due. ―Dose‖ is incorrect because the dose is not related to the time the
medication administration is scheduled. ―Route‖ is incorrect because the route is not affected.
―Medication‖ is incorrect because the medication ordered will not change.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
Sure! I‘ll expand on the topics related to "Taxation of Business Entities," providing a more detailed exploration. This overview will cover fundamental concepts, applications, and implications relevant to the study of business taxation.---
### Overview of Business Entities#### 1. Types of Business EntitiesBusiness entities can be categorized based on ownership structure and tax treatment. Understanding these types is crucial for determining tax obligations and benefits.-
**Sole Proprietorships**: - Owned by a single individual, this is the simplest form of business entity. Income is reported on the owner‘s personal tax return (Form 1040, Schedule C), which simplifies tax filing but also means personal
liability for debts and obligations.- **Partnerships**: - Consisting of two or more individuals, partnerships do not pay federal income taxes. Instead, they are considered pass-through entities, meaning income is taxed at the partners'
individual rates. Form 1065 is used to report partnership income, while partners receive Schedule K-1 to report their share on their returns.- **Corporations**: - Corporations are separate legal entities that provide limited liability
protection to their owners (shareholders). C-Corporations face double taxation: once at the corporate level on profits and again at the individual level when dividends are distributed. S-Corporations, on the other hand, are pass-through
entities but have restrictions on ownership and number of shareholders.- **Limited Liability Companies (LLCs)**: - LLCs combine the flexibility of partnerships with the liability protection of corporations. An LLC can choose to be
taxed as a sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation, allowing for strategic tax planning. ### 2. Tax Implications of Each Entity TypeUnderstanding the tax implications of each entity type is critical for effective business planning.-
**Sole Proprietorships**: - Income is taxed at the owner‘s individual tax rate. All profits and losses are reported on the owner‘s tax return. This simplicity, however, can expose owners to significant personal risk.- **Partnerships**: -
Each partner reports their share of income and losses on their personal returns, allowing for loss deductions. Partners are also subject to self-employment taxes on their share of the income, which can significantly impact tax liability.-
**Corporations**: - C-Corporations are taxed at the corporate tax rate (currently 21%). Dividends are taxed again at the shareholder level. S-Corporations avoid double taxation, but there are restrictions on the number and type of
shareholders.- **Limited Liability Companies (LLCs)**: - By default, single-member LLCs are treated as sole proprietorships for tax purposes, while multi-member LLCs are treated as partnerships. However, they can elect to be taxed
as a corporation if beneficial.### Key Tax Concepts#### 1. Income RecognitionIncome recognition is a fundamental principle in taxation, determining when income must be reported.- **Cash vs. Accrual Accounting**: - Businesses
can choose between cash and accrual methods. Cash accounting recognizes income when received and expenses when paid, making it straightforward. Accrual accounting recognizes income when earned and expenses when incurred,
aligning revenue with the period it relates to, but can complicate cash flow management.#### 2. DeductionsDeductions reduce taxable income, directly impacting tax liability.- **Ordinary and Necessary Expenses**: - The IRS allows
deductions for expenses that are ordinary (common in the industry) and necessary (helpful and appropriate for the business). Common deductions include rent, utilities, salaries, and professional fees.- **Limits on Deductions**: -
Certain expenses, such as meals and entertainment, have specific limits (e.g., meals are typically only 50% deductible). Understanding these limits is vital for effective tax planning.#### 3. Tax CreditsTax credits directly reduce the tax
liability, providing a dollar-for-dollar reduction of taxes owed.- **Types of Tax Credits**: - Examples include
For
Pharmacology and the Nursing Process
9th Edition
Linda Lane Lilley, Shelly Rainforth Collins, Julie S. Snyder
Chapter 1-58
careers.________________________________________1. Business Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares students for leadership and management roles in various industries. It
focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics like a on Deductions**: - Certain expenses, such as meals and
entertainment, have specific limits (e.g., meals are typically only 50% deductible). Understanding these limits is vital for effective tax planning.#### 3. Tax CreditsTax credits directly reduce the tax liability, providing a dollar-for-dollar reduction of taxes
owed.- **Types of Tax Credits**: - Examples include
, Contents
careers.________________________________________1. Business Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares students for leadership and management roles in various industries. It
focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics like a
Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Drug Therapy ..................................................................................... 4
Chapter 02: Pharmacologic Principles ........................................................................................................... 8
Chapter 03: Lifespan Considerations ........................................................................................................... 14
Chapter 04: Cultural, Legal, and Ethical Considerations .............................................................................. 20
Chapter 05: Medication Errors: Preventing and Responding ...................................................................... 26
Chapter 06: Patient Education and Drug Therapy ....................................................................................... 29
Chapter 07: Over-the-Counter Drugs and Herbal and Dietary Supplements .............................................. 34
Chapter 08: Gene Therapy and Pharmacogenomics ................................................................................... 38
Chapter 09: Photo Atlas of Drug Administration ......................................................................................... 41
Chapter 10: Analgesic Drugs........................................................................................................................ 50
Chapter 11: General and Local Anesthetics................................................................................................. 57
Chapter 12: Central Nervous System Depressants and Muscle Relaxants .................................................. 61
Chapter 13: Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs .......................................................... 66
Chapter 14: Antiepileptic Drugs .................................................................................................................. 70
Chapter 15: Antiparkinson D r u g s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .N. .U. . .R. . S. .I. N
. . .G. . .T. .B. . ..C. . .O. . M............................................ 76
Chapter 16: Psychotherapeutic Drugs ......................................................................................................... 81
Chapter 17: Substance Use Disorder ........................................................................................................... 88
Chapter 18: Adrenergic Drugs ..................................................................................................................... 93
Chapter 19: Adrenergic-Blocking Drugs ...................................................................................................... 98
Chapter 20: Cholinergic Drugs ................................................................................................................... 103
Chapter 21: Cholinergic-Blocking Drugs .................................................................................................... 108
Chapter 22: Antihypertensive Drugs ......................................................................................................... 113
Chapter 23: Antianginal Drugs .................................................................................................................. 119
Chapter 24: Heart Failure Drugs ................................................................................................................ 125
Chapter 25: Antidysrhythmic Drugs .......................................................................................................... 131
Chapter 26: Coagulation Modifier Drugs................................................................................................... 137
Chapter 27: Antilipemic Drugs................................................................................................................... 143
Chapter 28: Diuretic Drugs ........................................................................................................................ 148
Chapter 29: Fluids and Electrolytes ........................................................................................................... 154
, Chapter 30: Pituitary Drugs ....................................................................................................................... 160
Chapter 31: Thyroid and Antithyroid Drugs .............................................................................................. 163
Chapter 32: Antidiabetic Drugs ................................................................................................................. 168
Chapter 33: Adrenal Drugs ........................................................................................................................ 177
Chapter 34: Women’s Health Drugs .......................................................................................................... 181
Chapter 35: Men’s Health Drugs ............................................................................................................... 188
Chapter 36: Antihistamines, Decongestants, Antitussives, and Expectorants .......................................... 193
Chapter 37: Respiratory Drugs .................................................................................................................. 198
Chapter 38: Antibiotics Part 1 ................................................................................................................... 204
Chapter 39: Antibiotics Part 2 ................................................................................................................... 211
Chapter 40: Antiviral Drugs ....................................................................................................................... 216
Chapter 41: Antitubercular Drugs ............................................................................................................. 221
Chapter 42: Antifungal Drugs .................................................................................................................... 226
Chapter 43: Antimalarial, Antiprotozoal, and Anthelmintic Drugs ............................................................ 231
Chapter 44: Anti-inflammatory and Antigout Drugs ................................................................................. 236
Chapter 45: Antineoplastic Drugs Part 1: Cancer Overview and Cell Cycle–Specific Drugs ...................... 242
Chapter 46: Antineoplastic Drugs Part 2: Cell Cycle–Nonspecific Drugs and Miscellaneous Drugs .......... 248
Chapter 47: Biologic Response–Modifying and Antirheumatic Drugs ....................................................... 253
Chapter 48: Immunosuppressant Drugs.................................................................................................... 258
Chapter 49: Immunizing Drugs .................................................................................................................. 263
Chapter 50: Acid-Controlling Drugs ........................................................................................................... 268
Chapter 51: Bowel Disorder Drugs ............................................................................................................ 274
Chapter 52: Antiemetic and Antinausea Drugs ......................................................................................... 281
Chapter 53: Vitamins and Minerals ........................................................................................................... 286
Chapter 54: Anemia Drugs......................................................................................................................... 292
Chapter 55: Nutritional Supplements........................................................................................................ 299
Chapter 56: Dermatologic Drugs ............................................................................................................... 304
Chapter 57: Ophthalmic Drugs .................................................................................................................. 310
Chapter 58: Otic Drugs .............................................................................................................................. 315
careers.________________________________________1. Business Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares students for leadership
and management roles in various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics like a
, Chapter 01: The Nursing Process and Drug Therapy
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse is writing a nursing diagnosis for a plan of care for a patient who has been newly
diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Which statement reflects the correct format for a nursing
diagnosis?
a. Anxiety
b. Anxiety related to new drug therapy
c. Anxiety related to anxious feelings about drug therapy, as evidenced by statements
such as ―I‘m upset about having to test my blood sugars.‖
d. Anxiety related to new drug therapy, as evidenced by statements such as ―I‘m
upset about having to test my blood sugars.‖
ANS: D
Formulation of nursing diagnoses is usually a three-step process. ―Anxiety‖ is missing the
―related to‖ and ―as evidenced by‖ portions of defining characteristics. ―Anxiety related to new
drug therapy‖ is missing the ―as evidenced by‖ portion of defining characteristics. The statement
beginning ―Anxiety related to anxious feelings‖ is incorrect because the ―related to‖ section is
simply a restatement of the problem ―anxiety,‖ not a separate factor related to the response.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Understanding (Comprehension)
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Nursing DiagNnUo RsiSs
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Management of Care
careers.________________________________________1. Business Exams1.1. Overview of Business EducationBusiness education prepares students for leadership and management roles in
various industries. It focuses on critical thinking, decision-making, problem-solving, and understanding organizational processes. A typical business program might cover topics like a 3. Tax
CreditsTax credits directly reduce the tax liability, providing a dollar-for-dollar reduction of taxes owed.- **Types of Tax Credits**: - Examples include
2. The patient is to receive oral guaifenesin (Mucinex) twice a day. Today, the nurse was busy and
gave the medication 2 hours after the scheduled dose was due. What type of problem does this
represent?
a. ―Right time‖
b. ―Right dose‖
c. ―Right route‖
d. ―Right medication‖
ANS: A
―Right time‖ is correct because the medication was given more than 30 minutes after the
scheduled dose was due. ―Dose‖ is incorrect because the dose is not related to the time the
medication administration is scheduled. ―Route‖ is incorrect because the route is not affected.
―Medication‖ is incorrect because the medication ordered will not change.
DIF: COGNITIVE LEVEL: Applying (Application)
TOP: NURSING PROCESS: Implementation
MSC: NCLEX: Safe and Effective Care Environment: Safety and Infection Control
Sure! I‘ll expand on the topics related to "Taxation of Business Entities," providing a more detailed exploration. This overview will cover fundamental concepts, applications, and implications relevant to the study of business taxation.---
### Overview of Business Entities#### 1. Types of Business EntitiesBusiness entities can be categorized based on ownership structure and tax treatment. Understanding these types is crucial for determining tax obligations and benefits.-
**Sole Proprietorships**: - Owned by a single individual, this is the simplest form of business entity. Income is reported on the owner‘s personal tax return (Form 1040, Schedule C), which simplifies tax filing but also means personal
liability for debts and obligations.- **Partnerships**: - Consisting of two or more individuals, partnerships do not pay federal income taxes. Instead, they are considered pass-through entities, meaning income is taxed at the partners'
individual rates. Form 1065 is used to report partnership income, while partners receive Schedule K-1 to report their share on their returns.- **Corporations**: - Corporations are separate legal entities that provide limited liability
protection to their owners (shareholders). C-Corporations face double taxation: once at the corporate level on profits and again at the individual level when dividends are distributed. S-Corporations, on the other hand, are pass-through
entities but have restrictions on ownership and number of shareholders.- **Limited Liability Companies (LLCs)**: - LLCs combine the flexibility of partnerships with the liability protection of corporations. An LLC can choose to be
taxed as a sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation, allowing for strategic tax planning. ### 2. Tax Implications of Each Entity TypeUnderstanding the tax implications of each entity type is critical for effective business planning.-
**Sole Proprietorships**: - Income is taxed at the owner‘s individual tax rate. All profits and losses are reported on the owner‘s tax return. This simplicity, however, can expose owners to significant personal risk.- **Partnerships**: -
Each partner reports their share of income and losses on their personal returns, allowing for loss deductions. Partners are also subject to self-employment taxes on their share of the income, which can significantly impact tax liability.-
**Corporations**: - C-Corporations are taxed at the corporate tax rate (currently 21%). Dividends are taxed again at the shareholder level. S-Corporations avoid double taxation, but there are restrictions on the number and type of
shareholders.- **Limited Liability Companies (LLCs)**: - By default, single-member LLCs are treated as sole proprietorships for tax purposes, while multi-member LLCs are treated as partnerships. However, they can elect to be taxed
as a corporation if beneficial.### Key Tax Concepts#### 1. Income RecognitionIncome recognition is a fundamental principle in taxation, determining when income must be reported.- **Cash vs. Accrual Accounting**: - Businesses
can choose between cash and accrual methods. Cash accounting recognizes income when received and expenses when paid, making it straightforward. Accrual accounting recognizes income when earned and expenses when incurred,
aligning revenue with the period it relates to, but can complicate cash flow management.#### 2. DeductionsDeductions reduce taxable income, directly impacting tax liability.- **Ordinary and Necessary Expenses**: - The IRS allows
deductions for expenses that are ordinary (common in the industry) and necessary (helpful and appropriate for the business). Common deductions include rent, utilities, salaries, and professional fees.- **Limits on Deductions**: -
Certain expenses, such as meals and entertainment, have specific limits (e.g., meals are typically only 50% deductible). Understanding these limits is vital for effective tax planning.#### 3. Tax CreditsTax credits directly reduce the tax
liability, providing a dollar-for-dollar reduction of taxes owed.- **Types of Tax Credits**: - Examples include
