Nutrition Practice A Latest
2025/2026
1. A nurse is caring for a client who expresses a desire to lose weight.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Recommend checking weight once weekly.
B. Obtain a 24-hr dietary recall.
C. Assist with creating an exercise plan D. Initiate a plan for diet modification.
Rationale : Identify eating behaviors and then be able to recommend dietary
modifications based on the data received.
2. A nurse is teaching about nutritional requirements for a client who is starting
a vegetarian diet. Which of the following information should the nurse
include in the teaching?
A. Consume high-fat cheese to replace meats when on a vegetarian diet.
B. A vegetarian diet is high in vitamin B12.
C. Fewer calories are required when on a vegetarian diet.
D. Include two servings per day of nuts when on a vegetarian diet.
Rationale : Achieves the daily requirement of omega-3 fatty acids.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has acute inflammatory bowel disease.
Which of the following nutritional supplements should the nurse anticipate
providing to this client? A. Hydrolyzed formula
B. Polymeric formula
C. Milk-Based supplement formula
D. Modular product supplement formula
Rationale : Provides protein and other nutrients in their simplest form, requiring little
or no digestion and decreasing stimulation of the bowel
4. A nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes
mellitus how to count carbohydrates. Which of the following statements
made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I am including vegetables as starch items in my carbohydrate count."
B. "I am limiting the number of carbohydrates to four carbohydrate choices or 60
grams per day."
C. "I know the serving size can affect the number of carbohydrates I eat."
D. "I know the carbohydrate count is dependent on the calories in the food item."
Rationale : The nurse should instruct the client that the portion size affects the number of carbohydrates.
,5. A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has osteoporosis. The
nurse should instruct the client that which of the following foods has the
highest amount of calcium?
A. 1 cup avocado
B. 2 tablespoons peanut butter
C. 1/2 cup roasted sunflower seeds
D. 1/2 cup roasted almonds
Rationale : 1/2 cup roasted almonds Has 185mg of calcium
7. A nurse is discussing dietary factors to assist in blood pressure management
for a client who has hypertension. Which of the following client statements
indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I can drink up to three glasses of wine each day."
B. "I should choose whole grain pastas when selecting my foods."
C. "I should decrease my consumption of foods high in potassium."
D. "I can use low-sodium salt substitutes when I cook my food."
Rationale : Contains ingredients that lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and improve
blood pressure.
8. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for parenteral
nutrition (PN) containing a mixture of dextrose, amino acids, and lipids. Prior to
administration of the PN, the nurse should report which of the following food
allergies to the provider?
A. Gelatin
B. Peanuts
C. Shellfish
D. Eggs
Rationale : Eggs phospholipid is an emulsifier and can cause an allergic reaction.
9. A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about
limiting dietary calcium intake. Which of the following food choices should
the nurse include in the teaching as having the highest amount of calcium?
A. 1 cup low-fat yogurt
1 oz cheddar cheese
C. 1 egg
D. 1/2 cup spinach
, B.
Rationale : 314 mg of calcium per cup
10. A home health nurse is providing dietary teaching to the guardians of a 3-
yearold child. Which of the following statements by the guardians should the
nurse identify as understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will offer my child a cup of peanut butter to dip her celery in."
B. "I can leave her grapes whole, so she can practice getting them with her fork."
C. "I can give her popcorn as a snack to provide a serving of whole grains."
D. "I will put low-fat milk in her cup for her to drink."
Rationale : Necessary fat for neurological development for children up to 2 years of age.
11. A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess for Somogyi
phenomenon?
A. Monitor blood glucose levels during the night.
B. Check for urinary ketones at the same time each day for 1 week.
C. Perform an oral glucose tolerance test after administering a dose of insulin. D.
Compare current glycosylated hemoglobin level with the level at time of diagnosis.
Rationale : Fasting hyperglycemia that occurs in the morning in response to
hypoglycemia during the nighttime. The nurse should assess for this phenomenon by monitoring
blood glucose levels during the night.
13. A nurse is reviewing the introduction of solid foods with the guardian of a
4month old infant. Which of the following statements by the guardian indicates
an understanding of the teaching?
A. "My baby should consume 2 tablespoons of solid food at each feeding."
B. "The majority of my baby's calories should come from solid food."
C. "I will give my baby one bottle of fruit juice each day."
D. "I will introduce a new solid food every 5 days."
Rationale : Gives time to watch for an allergic reaction.
14. A nurse in a long-term care facility is monitoring a client during mealtime
who has Parkinson's disease. Which of the following findings should the
nurse identify as the priority?
A. The client eats all of their cake and a few bites of bread.
, B.
The client drools while eating.
C. The client's hand trembles when they hold their spoon.
D. The client chooses to sit alone during their meal. Rationale : At risk for
aspiration of food from dysphagia.
15. A home health nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who had an
open reduction internal fixation of the tibia. Which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as a risk factor for impaired wound healing?
A. A client's hemoglobin is 15g/dL
B. The client's peripheral pulses are +3 distal to the affected extremity.
C. The client consumes 1,000 kcal daily. D. The client takes zinc supplements.
Rationale : Adults need at least 1,500 kcal daily to meet energy needs and build protein
for tissue healing.
16. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has diabetes mellitus and an
HbA1c of 8.7%. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an
understanding of this laboratory value?
A. "I should have gone to my exercise class yesterday."
B. "This shows that my result is finally within a normal range."
C. "This shows that I have not been following my diet."
D. "I should have my blood work done first thing in the morning."
Rationale : Normal range is 6.5% and 7%.
17. A nurse is teaching a client about stress management. Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will take a long walk every day."
B. "I will keep a daily diet and activity log."
C. "I will avoid eating 1 hour before bedtime."
D. "I will drink a full glass of water with each meal."
Rationale : Benefits of exercise are reduction of tension, promotion of relaxation, and
improved sense of well-being.
18. A nurse is caring fora. client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
and is prescribed an oral diet. The client asks the nurse why the TPN is being
continued since he is now eating. Which of the following responses should the
nurse make?
A. "Your blood glucose levels need to be within a normal range before the parenteral
nutrition can be stopped."
"You should consume at least 60 percent of your calorie orally before the
parenteral nutrition can be
discontinued."
2025/2026
1. A nurse is caring for a client who expresses a desire to lose weight.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
A. Recommend checking weight once weekly.
B. Obtain a 24-hr dietary recall.
C. Assist with creating an exercise plan D. Initiate a plan for diet modification.
Rationale : Identify eating behaviors and then be able to recommend dietary
modifications based on the data received.
2. A nurse is teaching about nutritional requirements for a client who is starting
a vegetarian diet. Which of the following information should the nurse
include in the teaching?
A. Consume high-fat cheese to replace meats when on a vegetarian diet.
B. A vegetarian diet is high in vitamin B12.
C. Fewer calories are required when on a vegetarian diet.
D. Include two servings per day of nuts when on a vegetarian diet.
Rationale : Achieves the daily requirement of omega-3 fatty acids.
3. A nurse is caring for a client who has acute inflammatory bowel disease.
Which of the following nutritional supplements should the nurse anticipate
providing to this client? A. Hydrolyzed formula
B. Polymeric formula
C. Milk-Based supplement formula
D. Modular product supplement formula
Rationale : Provides protein and other nutrients in their simplest form, requiring little
or no digestion and decreasing stimulation of the bowel
4. A nurse is teaching a client who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes
mellitus how to count carbohydrates. Which of the following statements
made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I am including vegetables as starch items in my carbohydrate count."
B. "I am limiting the number of carbohydrates to four carbohydrate choices or 60
grams per day."
C. "I know the serving size can affect the number of carbohydrates I eat."
D. "I know the carbohydrate count is dependent on the calories in the food item."
Rationale : The nurse should instruct the client that the portion size affects the number of carbohydrates.
,5. A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client who has osteoporosis. The
nurse should instruct the client that which of the following foods has the
highest amount of calcium?
A. 1 cup avocado
B. 2 tablespoons peanut butter
C. 1/2 cup roasted sunflower seeds
D. 1/2 cup roasted almonds
Rationale : 1/2 cup roasted almonds Has 185mg of calcium
7. A nurse is discussing dietary factors to assist in blood pressure management
for a client who has hypertension. Which of the following client statements
indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I can drink up to three glasses of wine each day."
B. "I should choose whole grain pastas when selecting my foods."
C. "I should decrease my consumption of foods high in potassium."
D. "I can use low-sodium salt substitutes when I cook my food."
Rationale : Contains ingredients that lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and improve
blood pressure.
8. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for parenteral
nutrition (PN) containing a mixture of dextrose, amino acids, and lipids. Prior to
administration of the PN, the nurse should report which of the following food
allergies to the provider?
A. Gelatin
B. Peanuts
C. Shellfish
D. Eggs
Rationale : Eggs phospholipid is an emulsifier and can cause an allergic reaction.
9. A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney disease about
limiting dietary calcium intake. Which of the following food choices should
the nurse include in the teaching as having the highest amount of calcium?
A. 1 cup low-fat yogurt
1 oz cheddar cheese
C. 1 egg
D. 1/2 cup spinach
, B.
Rationale : 314 mg of calcium per cup
10. A home health nurse is providing dietary teaching to the guardians of a 3-
yearold child. Which of the following statements by the guardians should the
nurse identify as understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will offer my child a cup of peanut butter to dip her celery in."
B. "I can leave her grapes whole, so she can practice getting them with her fork."
C. "I can give her popcorn as a snack to provide a serving of whole grains."
D. "I will put low-fat milk in her cup for her to drink."
Rationale : Necessary fat for neurological development for children up to 2 years of age.
11. A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take to assess for Somogyi
phenomenon?
A. Monitor blood glucose levels during the night.
B. Check for urinary ketones at the same time each day for 1 week.
C. Perform an oral glucose tolerance test after administering a dose of insulin. D.
Compare current glycosylated hemoglobin level with the level at time of diagnosis.
Rationale : Fasting hyperglycemia that occurs in the morning in response to
hypoglycemia during the nighttime. The nurse should assess for this phenomenon by monitoring
blood glucose levels during the night.
13. A nurse is reviewing the introduction of solid foods with the guardian of a
4month old infant. Which of the following statements by the guardian indicates
an understanding of the teaching?
A. "My baby should consume 2 tablespoons of solid food at each feeding."
B. "The majority of my baby's calories should come from solid food."
C. "I will give my baby one bottle of fruit juice each day."
D. "I will introduce a new solid food every 5 days."
Rationale : Gives time to watch for an allergic reaction.
14. A nurse in a long-term care facility is monitoring a client during mealtime
who has Parkinson's disease. Which of the following findings should the
nurse identify as the priority?
A. The client eats all of their cake and a few bites of bread.
, B.
The client drools while eating.
C. The client's hand trembles when they hold their spoon.
D. The client chooses to sit alone during their meal. Rationale : At risk for
aspiration of food from dysphagia.
15. A home health nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who had an
open reduction internal fixation of the tibia. Which of the following findings
should the nurse identify as a risk factor for impaired wound healing?
A. A client's hemoglobin is 15g/dL
B. The client's peripheral pulses are +3 distal to the affected extremity.
C. The client consumes 1,000 kcal daily. D. The client takes zinc supplements.
Rationale : Adults need at least 1,500 kcal daily to meet energy needs and build protein
for tissue healing.
16. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has diabetes mellitus and an
HbA1c of 8.7%. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an
understanding of this laboratory value?
A. "I should have gone to my exercise class yesterday."
B. "This shows that my result is finally within a normal range."
C. "This shows that I have not been following my diet."
D. "I should have my blood work done first thing in the morning."
Rationale : Normal range is 6.5% and 7%.
17. A nurse is teaching a client about stress management. Which of the following
statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will take a long walk every day."
B. "I will keep a daily diet and activity log."
C. "I will avoid eating 1 hour before bedtime."
D. "I will drink a full glass of water with each meal."
Rationale : Benefits of exercise are reduction of tension, promotion of relaxation, and
improved sense of well-being.
18. A nurse is caring fora. client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
and is prescribed an oral diet. The client asks the nurse why the TPN is being
continued since he is now eating. Which of the following responses should the
nurse make?
A. "Your blood glucose levels need to be within a normal range before the parenteral
nutrition can be stopped."
"You should consume at least 60 percent of your calorie orally before the
parenteral nutrition can be
discontinued."
