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1. Which of the following is least reliable for diagnosing esophageal
intubation?-
: ETT above carina on chest x ray
2. Which of the following signs necessitates the need for a definitive
airway in severe trauma patient?: Severe maxillofacial trauma
3. Twenty seven people are severely injured in an aircraft crash at a
local airport. The principles of triage include:: Produce the greatest number of
survivors based on available resources
4. Which of the following statements are correct?: Cerebral contusions may
coalesce to form an intracerebral hematoma
5. The primary indication for transferring a patient to a higher
level trauma center is:: Resource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor
6. A teenaged bicycle rider is hit by a truck traveling at high
speed. In the emergency department, she is actively bleeding
from open fractures of her legs, and has abrasions on her chest and
abdominal wall. Her blood pressure is 80/50 mm Hg, heart rate is 140
beats per minute, respiratory rate is 8 breaths per minute, and GCS
score is 6. The first step in managing this patient is to:
a) obtain a lateral cervical spine xray.
b) administer 2 liters of crystalloid solution.
c)insert a central venous pressure line.
d) perform endotracheal intubation and ventilation.: D. Perform endotracheal
intubation and ventilation
7. Contraindication to nasogastric intubation is the presence of a::
Fracture of the cribiform plate
8. Which of the following statements regarding patients with
thoracic spine injuries is true?: Log rolling may be destabilizing to fractures from
T12-L1
9. A young man sustains a rifle wound to the mid-abdomen. He is
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brought promptly
to the ED by prehospital personnel. His skin is
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cool and diaphoretic, and his systolic blood pressure is 58mmHg.
Warmed crystalloid fluids are initiated without improvement in
his vital signs. The next, most appropriate, step is to perform:
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A. a laparotomy
B. An abdominal CT-scan
C. Diagnostic laparoscopy
D. Abdominal ultrasonography
E. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage: A celiotomy
10. Young women sustains a severe head injury as the result of a
motor vehicle crash. In the emergency department her GCS is 6. Her
BP is 140/90 mmHg and her HR is 80. She is intubated and is being
mechanically ventilated. Her pupils are 3 mm in size and equally
reactive to light. There is no other apparent injury. The more
important principle to follow in the early management of her head
injury is to:: Prevent secondary brain injury
11. 22 year old man is brought to the hospital after crashing his
motorcycle into a telephone pole. He is unconscious and in profound
shock. He has no open wounds or obvious fractures. The cause of his
shocks is most likely caused by:: Hemorrhage into the chest of abdomen
12. 30 year old man is struck by a car traveling 35mph. He has
obvious fractures of the left tibia near the knee, pain in the pelvis
area, and severe dyspnea. His HR is 180, RR 48 bpm with no breath
sounds heard in the left chest. A tension PTX is relieved by
immediate needle decompression and tube thoracostomy.
Subsequently his HR decreased to 140, his RR decreased to 36 bpm,
and
BP 80/50 mmHg. Warmed LR is administered intravenously. The next
priority should be to:: Perform external fixation of the pelvis
13. 8 year old girl is an unrestrained passenger in a vehicle struck
from behind. In the ED, her blood pressure is 80/60, heart rate is 80
bpm, and respiratory rate is 16 breaths per minute. Her GCS score is
14. She complains that her legs "feel funny and won't move right",
however, her spine x-rays do not show a fracture dislocation. A spinal injury