ENVSOCTY 2OC3: LECTURE 4 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026
What are the two major elements of human geography? - ANS Population and Culture.
What has largely contributed to Canada's population growth? - ANS Immigration.
How has Canada's society evolved since the 1960s? - ANS It has evolved into a pluralistic
society.
What challenges have accompanied cultural change in Canada? - ANS Accommodation of
Indigenous peoples is difficult due to past examples of cultural genocide and missing and
murdered Indigenous women.
What is the current population of Canada as of 2023? - ANS Over 40 million people.
What are the three key features of Canada's population distribution? - ANS Concentration
near the US border, shift of population gravity to the west, and 'empty' northern lands.
What are the two components driving population increase in Canada? - ANS Natural increase
and migratory increase.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What has changed regarding the sources of population growth in Canada since 1986? -
ANS Now, immigration accounts for most of the annual population increase and is expected
to stay the main driver.
What does the demographic transition theory explain in Canadian demography? - ANS It
explains shifts in population structure but does not consider the impact of immigration.
What are the four phases of the demographic transition in Canada? - ANS Early industrial,
Late industrial, Early post-industrial, Late post-industrial.
What defines the Late Pre-Industrial Phase? - ANS High birth and death rates, little or no
natural increase but possible fluctuations because of death rate changes and extremely low
urban population
What defines the Early Industrial Period of DTT? - ANS falling death rates, extremely high
rates of natural increase, low urban population
What defines the Late Industrial Phase of DTT? - ANS Falling birth rates, high but declining
rates of natural increase, medium urban population
What defines the Early Post-Industrial Phase of DTT? - ANS low birth and death rates, little or
no natural increase; stable population, high urban population
What defines the Late Post-Industrial Phase of DTT? - ANS Birth rate at or below zero,
declining population, extremely high urban population
What is the trend of Canada's natural increase projected to be by 2030? - ANS It is expected
to drop below 0.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026
What are the two major elements of human geography? - ANS Population and Culture.
What has largely contributed to Canada's population growth? - ANS Immigration.
How has Canada's society evolved since the 1960s? - ANS It has evolved into a pluralistic
society.
What challenges have accompanied cultural change in Canada? - ANS Accommodation of
Indigenous peoples is difficult due to past examples of cultural genocide and missing and
murdered Indigenous women.
What is the current population of Canada as of 2023? - ANS Over 40 million people.
What are the three key features of Canada's population distribution? - ANS Concentration
near the US border, shift of population gravity to the west, and 'empty' northern lands.
What are the two components driving population increase in Canada? - ANS Natural increase
and migratory increase.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, What has changed regarding the sources of population growth in Canada since 1986? -
ANS Now, immigration accounts for most of the annual population increase and is expected
to stay the main driver.
What does the demographic transition theory explain in Canadian demography? - ANS It
explains shifts in population structure but does not consider the impact of immigration.
What are the four phases of the demographic transition in Canada? - ANS Early industrial,
Late industrial, Early post-industrial, Late post-industrial.
What defines the Late Pre-Industrial Phase? - ANS High birth and death rates, little or no
natural increase but possible fluctuations because of death rate changes and extremely low
urban population
What defines the Early Industrial Period of DTT? - ANS falling death rates, extremely high
rates of natural increase, low urban population
What defines the Late Industrial Phase of DTT? - ANS Falling birth rates, high but declining
rates of natural increase, medium urban population
What defines the Early Post-Industrial Phase of DTT? - ANS low birth and death rates, little or
no natural increase; stable population, high urban population
What defines the Late Post-Industrial Phase of DTT? - ANS Birth rate at or below zero,
declining population, extremely high urban population
What is the trend of Canada's natural increase projected to be by 2030? - ANS It is expected
to drop below 0.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
