PSL300 Endocrine Questions With Complete Solutions
_____ % of filtrate will be excreted / day Correct Answers 1
_____ cell in pancreas secrete glucagon? Correct Answers
alpha
_____ cell in pancreas secrete insulin? Correct Answers beta
_____ cell in pancreas secrete somatostatin? Correct Answers
delta
_______ feedback is for change Correct Answers positive
_______ feedback is for homeostasis Correct Answers negative
3 types of hormones Correct Answers peptides (protein),
amines (single AA), steroids
AA > protein Correct Answers protein synthesis
acromegaly Correct Answers too much GH in adulthood
- thickening on the ends of the bones
ACTH Correct Answers adrenocorticotropic hormone
Active peptides released depends on _______ Correct Answers
specific proteolytic processing enzymes
Addison's disease Correct Answers = adrenal insufficiency
- hyposecretion of adrenal steroid hormones
,- causes: destruction of the adrenal cortex by autoimmunity,
sometimes infection
- symptoms: hypotension, hypoglycemia
1. not enough aldosterone >> low blood pressure
2. not enough cortisol >> low blood glucose level
ADH is synthesized in the_____ and secreted from _________
Correct Answers hypothalamus; the posterior pituitary
adrenal cortex Correct Answers steroid factory
- steroid hormones
adrenal medulla Correct Answers modified sympathetic
ganglion
- catecholamines
adrenal medulla secretes Correct Answers catecholamines
(epinephrine and norepinephrine)
Aldosterone Correct Answers - steroid synthesized in the
adrenal cortex (zona glomerulosa)
- regulate sodium >> water homeostasis
- increases K+ secretion
- act on distal tubule and collecting duct
Aldosterone synthesis is controlled by ________ feeback
Correct Answers negative
Amine hormone derived from tryptophan Correct Answers
melatonin (behaves like peptide or steroid depends on its target
cell)
, Amine hormone derived from tyrosine Correct Answers
catecholamines (in adrenal gland, behave like peptides), thyroid
hormones (in thyroid gland, behave like steroids)
anabolic Correct Answers A process in which large molecules
are built from small molecules
analogs of cortisol are used as drugs to _______ the immune
system Correct Answers suppress (e.g. inhibit inflammatory
responses)
* long-term use can result in inhibition of ACTH secretion and
atrophy of cortisol-secreting cells
antagonistic effect Correct Answers one hormone opposes the
action of another
- e.g. insulin lower blood glucose and glucagon raises it
anterior pituitary Correct Answers - endocrine tissue
- secretes prolactin, thyrotropin, adrenocorticotropin, growth
hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone
anterior pituitary is/is not an endocrine gland Correct Answers
is
autocrine signals Correct Answers act on the same cell that
secretes them
- molecules move through interstitial fluid; short distance
- cytokines, histamines
Average daily water gains Correct Answers 2.2L intake
0.3L metabolic production
_____ % of filtrate will be excreted / day Correct Answers 1
_____ cell in pancreas secrete glucagon? Correct Answers
alpha
_____ cell in pancreas secrete insulin? Correct Answers beta
_____ cell in pancreas secrete somatostatin? Correct Answers
delta
_______ feedback is for change Correct Answers positive
_______ feedback is for homeostasis Correct Answers negative
3 types of hormones Correct Answers peptides (protein),
amines (single AA), steroids
AA > protein Correct Answers protein synthesis
acromegaly Correct Answers too much GH in adulthood
- thickening on the ends of the bones
ACTH Correct Answers adrenocorticotropic hormone
Active peptides released depends on _______ Correct Answers
specific proteolytic processing enzymes
Addison's disease Correct Answers = adrenal insufficiency
- hyposecretion of adrenal steroid hormones
,- causes: destruction of the adrenal cortex by autoimmunity,
sometimes infection
- symptoms: hypotension, hypoglycemia
1. not enough aldosterone >> low blood pressure
2. not enough cortisol >> low blood glucose level
ADH is synthesized in the_____ and secreted from _________
Correct Answers hypothalamus; the posterior pituitary
adrenal cortex Correct Answers steroid factory
- steroid hormones
adrenal medulla Correct Answers modified sympathetic
ganglion
- catecholamines
adrenal medulla secretes Correct Answers catecholamines
(epinephrine and norepinephrine)
Aldosterone Correct Answers - steroid synthesized in the
adrenal cortex (zona glomerulosa)
- regulate sodium >> water homeostasis
- increases K+ secretion
- act on distal tubule and collecting duct
Aldosterone synthesis is controlled by ________ feeback
Correct Answers negative
Amine hormone derived from tryptophan Correct Answers
melatonin (behaves like peptide or steroid depends on its target
cell)
, Amine hormone derived from tyrosine Correct Answers
catecholamines (in adrenal gland, behave like peptides), thyroid
hormones (in thyroid gland, behave like steroids)
anabolic Correct Answers A process in which large molecules
are built from small molecules
analogs of cortisol are used as drugs to _______ the immune
system Correct Answers suppress (e.g. inhibit inflammatory
responses)
* long-term use can result in inhibition of ACTH secretion and
atrophy of cortisol-secreting cells
antagonistic effect Correct Answers one hormone opposes the
action of another
- e.g. insulin lower blood glucose and glucagon raises it
anterior pituitary Correct Answers - endocrine tissue
- secretes prolactin, thyrotropin, adrenocorticotropin, growth
hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone
anterior pituitary is/is not an endocrine gland Correct Answers
is
autocrine signals Correct Answers act on the same cell that
secretes them
- molecules move through interstitial fluid; short distance
- cytokines, histamines
Average daily water gains Correct Answers 2.2L intake
0.3L metabolic production
