Endocrine System Disorders:
Diabetes Mellitus
NURS 1361 - Patho I
Professor Lorrie Hudd
, Review – A & P
PANCREAS
Endocrine and exocrine functions; endocrine
functions occur in islets of Langerhans
Beta cells
➢ Release insulin in response to high blood sugar
➢ Transports glucose into cells and stimulates glycogenesis in
liver (formation of glycogen from glucose)
Alpha cells
➢ Secrete glucagon in response to low blood sugar;
➢ Stimulates glycogenolysis in liver (breakdown of glycogen to
glucose)
, Review - Anatomy/Physiology:
LIVER
“Metabolic factory” of the body,
helps to regulate blood glucose
High blood sugar = uses insulin to
convert glucose to glycogen, which
is stored in the liver (glycogenesis)
Low blood sugar = break down
liver glycogen to glucose
(glycogenolysis) and converts
protein/fat to glucose
(gluconeogenesis)
,
Diabetes Mellitus
NURS 1361 - Patho I
Professor Lorrie Hudd
, Review – A & P
PANCREAS
Endocrine and exocrine functions; endocrine
functions occur in islets of Langerhans
Beta cells
➢ Release insulin in response to high blood sugar
➢ Transports glucose into cells and stimulates glycogenesis in
liver (formation of glycogen from glucose)
Alpha cells
➢ Secrete glucagon in response to low blood sugar;
➢ Stimulates glycogenolysis in liver (breakdown of glycogen to
glucose)
, Review - Anatomy/Physiology:
LIVER
“Metabolic factory” of the body,
helps to regulate blood glucose
High blood sugar = uses insulin to
convert glucose to glycogen, which
is stored in the liver (glycogenesis)
Low blood sugar = break down
liver glycogen to glucose
(glycogenolysis) and converts
protein/fat to glucose
(gluconeogenesis)
,
