ATLS POST TEST 4 LATEST VERSIONS 2025 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS AGRADE
Which of the following is the recommended Method for trestemt frostbite?
A. Vasodilators
B. Anticigulants
C. Warm (40 degrees) water
D. Padding and elevation
E. Application of heat from a hairdryer - (Correct Answer)-C. Warm (40 degrees) water
Which of the following physical findings suggest a cause of hypotension other than spinal cord
injury?
A. Prispism
B. Bradycardia
C. Diaphragmatic breathing
D. Presence of deep tendon reflexes
E. Ability to flex forearms but not extend them - (Correct Answer)-D. Presence of deep tendon
reflexes. Spinal shock refers to loss of muscle toe (flaccidty) and loss of reflexes.
The primary indication for transferring A patient to a higher level trauma center is:
A. Unavailibility of surgeon or operating staff
B. Multiple system injuries, including severe head injury
C. Resource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor
D. Resource limitations as determined by the hospital administration
E. Widened mediastinum on chest x-ray following blunt trauma - (Correct Answer)-C. Resource
limitations as determined by the transferring doctor (MÅ SJEKKES)
A young man sustains a rifle wound to the mid-abdomen. He is brought promptly to the ED by
prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and his systolic blood pressure is
58mmHg. Warmed crystalloid fluids are initiated without improvement in his vital signs. The
next, most appropriate, step is to perform:
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A. a laparotomy
B. An abdominal CT-scan
C. Diagnostic laparoscopy
D. Abdominal ultrasonography
E. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage - (Correct Answer)-A. Laparotomy because of hemodynamic
abnormality
A 42-year-old man is trapped from the waist down beneath his overturned tractor for several
hours before medical assistance arrives. He is awake and alert until just before arriving in the
ED. He is now unconscious and responds only to painful stimuli by moaning. His pupils are
3mm in diameter and symmetrically reactive to light. Prehospital personnel indicate that they
have not seen the patient move either of his lower extremities. On examination in the ED, no
movement of his lower extremities are detected, even in response to painful stimuli. The most
likely cause for this finding is:
A. An epidural hematoma
B. A pelvic fracture
C. Central cord syndrome
D. Intracerebral hemorrhage
E. Bilateral compartment syndrome - (Correct Answer)-MÅ SJEKKES
A 6-year-o boy is struck by an automobile and brought to the ED. He is lethargic, but withdraws
purposefully from painful stimuli. His blood pressure is 90mmHg systolic, heart rate 140 beats
per minute and his respiratory rate is 36 breaths per minute. The preferred route of venous access
in this patient is:
A. Percutaneous femoral vein cannulation
B. Cutdown on the saphenous vein at the ankle
C. Intraosseous catheter placement in the proximal tibia
D. Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
E. Central venous access via the subclavian or internal jugular vein - (Correct Answer)-D.
Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
,[Type here]
A young man sustains a gunshot wound to the abdomen and is brought promptly to the ED by
prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and he is confused. His pulse is thready
and his femoral pulse is only weakly palpable. The definitive treatment in managing this patient
is to:
A. Administer O-negative blood
B. Apply external warming devices
C. Control internal hemorrhage operatively
D. Apply a pneumatic antishock garment (PASG)
E. Infuse large volumes of intravenous crystalloid solutions. - (Correct Answer)-C. Control
internal hemorrhage operatively
Regarding shock in the child, which of the following is FALSE?
A. Vital signs are age-related
B. Children have greater physiologic reserves than do adults
C. Tachycardia is the primary physiologic response to hypovolemia
D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock is the same as in adults
E. An initial fluid bolus for resuscitation should approximate 20ml/kg Ringers Lactate - (Correct
Answer)-D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock is the same as in adults
A 33-year-old man is struck by a car travelling at 56km/h (35mph). He has obvious fractures of
the left tibia near the knee, pain in the pelvic area, and severe dyspnea. His heart rate is 182 beats
per minute, and his respiratory rate is 48 breaths per minute with no breath sounds heard in the
left chest. A tension pneumothorax is relieved by immediate needle decompression and tube
thoracostomy. Subsequently, his heart rate decreases to 144 beats per minute, his respirartory rate
decreases to 36 breaths per minute and his blood pressure is 81/53 mmHg. Warmed Ringers
lactate is adminstered intravenously. The next priority should be to:
A. Perform external fixation of the pelvis
B. Obtain abdominal and pelvic CT-scans
C. Perform arterial embolization of the pelvic vessel
D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST
, [Type here]
E. Perform a urethrogram and cystogram - (Correct Answer)-D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal
lavage or FAST
A 42-year-old man, injured in a motor vehicle crash, suffers a closed head injury, multiple
palpable left rib fractures, and bilateral femur fractures. He is intubated orotracheally without
difficulty. Initially, his ventilations are easily assisted with a bag-mask device. It becomes more
difficult to ventilate the patient over the next 5 minutes, and his hemoglobin oxygen saturation
level decreases from 98% to 89%. The most appropriate next step is to:
A. Obtain a chest x-ray
B. Decrease the tidal volume
C. Decrease PEEP
D. Increase the rate of assisted ventilations
E. Perform needle decompression of the left chest. - (Correct Answer)-A. Obtain a chest x-ray
(MÅ SJEKKES)
A 30-year-old man sustains a severely comminuted, open, distal right femur fracture in a
motorcycle crash. The wound is actively bleeding. Normal sensation is present over the lateral
aspect of the foot but decreased over the medial foot and great toe. Normal motion of the foot is
observed. Dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses are easily palpable on the left, but heard only
by Doppler on the right. Immediate efforts to improve circulation to the injured extremity should
involve:
A. Immediate angiography
B. Tamponade of the wound with a pressure dressing
C. Wound exploration and removal of bony fragments
D. Realignment of the fracture segments with a traction splint
E. Fasciotomy of all four compartments in the lower extremity - (Correct Answer)-B. Tamponade
of the wound with a pressure dressing
An 18-yeard-old, unhelmeted motorcyclist is brought by ambulance to the ED following a crash.
He had decreased level of consciousness at the scene, but then was alert and conversational
during transportation. Now his GCS is only 11. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Cerebral perfusion is intact
AND CORRECT ANSWERS AGRADE
Which of the following is the recommended Method for trestemt frostbite?
A. Vasodilators
B. Anticigulants
C. Warm (40 degrees) water
D. Padding and elevation
E. Application of heat from a hairdryer - (Correct Answer)-C. Warm (40 degrees) water
Which of the following physical findings suggest a cause of hypotension other than spinal cord
injury?
A. Prispism
B. Bradycardia
C. Diaphragmatic breathing
D. Presence of deep tendon reflexes
E. Ability to flex forearms but not extend them - (Correct Answer)-D. Presence of deep tendon
reflexes. Spinal shock refers to loss of muscle toe (flaccidty) and loss of reflexes.
The primary indication for transferring A patient to a higher level trauma center is:
A. Unavailibility of surgeon or operating staff
B. Multiple system injuries, including severe head injury
C. Resource limitations as determined by the transferring doctor
D. Resource limitations as determined by the hospital administration
E. Widened mediastinum on chest x-ray following blunt trauma - (Correct Answer)-C. Resource
limitations as determined by the transferring doctor (MÅ SJEKKES)
A young man sustains a rifle wound to the mid-abdomen. He is brought promptly to the ED by
prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and his systolic blood pressure is
58mmHg. Warmed crystalloid fluids are initiated without improvement in his vital signs. The
next, most appropriate, step is to perform:
,[Type here]
A. a laparotomy
B. An abdominal CT-scan
C. Diagnostic laparoscopy
D. Abdominal ultrasonography
E. A diagnostic peritoneal lavage - (Correct Answer)-A. Laparotomy because of hemodynamic
abnormality
A 42-year-old man is trapped from the waist down beneath his overturned tractor for several
hours before medical assistance arrives. He is awake and alert until just before arriving in the
ED. He is now unconscious and responds only to painful stimuli by moaning. His pupils are
3mm in diameter and symmetrically reactive to light. Prehospital personnel indicate that they
have not seen the patient move either of his lower extremities. On examination in the ED, no
movement of his lower extremities are detected, even in response to painful stimuli. The most
likely cause for this finding is:
A. An epidural hematoma
B. A pelvic fracture
C. Central cord syndrome
D. Intracerebral hemorrhage
E. Bilateral compartment syndrome - (Correct Answer)-MÅ SJEKKES
A 6-year-o boy is struck by an automobile and brought to the ED. He is lethargic, but withdraws
purposefully from painful stimuli. His blood pressure is 90mmHg systolic, heart rate 140 beats
per minute and his respiratory rate is 36 breaths per minute. The preferred route of venous access
in this patient is:
A. Percutaneous femoral vein cannulation
B. Cutdown on the saphenous vein at the ankle
C. Intraosseous catheter placement in the proximal tibia
D. Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
E. Central venous access via the subclavian or internal jugular vein - (Correct Answer)-D.
Percutaneous peripheral veins in the upper extremities
,[Type here]
A young man sustains a gunshot wound to the abdomen and is brought promptly to the ED by
prehospital personnel. His skin is cool and diaphoretic, and he is confused. His pulse is thready
and his femoral pulse is only weakly palpable. The definitive treatment in managing this patient
is to:
A. Administer O-negative blood
B. Apply external warming devices
C. Control internal hemorrhage operatively
D. Apply a pneumatic antishock garment (PASG)
E. Infuse large volumes of intravenous crystalloid solutions. - (Correct Answer)-C. Control
internal hemorrhage operatively
Regarding shock in the child, which of the following is FALSE?
A. Vital signs are age-related
B. Children have greater physiologic reserves than do adults
C. Tachycardia is the primary physiologic response to hypovolemia
D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock is the same as in adults
E. An initial fluid bolus for resuscitation should approximate 20ml/kg Ringers Lactate - (Correct
Answer)-D. The absolute volume of blood loss required to produce shock is the same as in adults
A 33-year-old man is struck by a car travelling at 56km/h (35mph). He has obvious fractures of
the left tibia near the knee, pain in the pelvic area, and severe dyspnea. His heart rate is 182 beats
per minute, and his respiratory rate is 48 breaths per minute with no breath sounds heard in the
left chest. A tension pneumothorax is relieved by immediate needle decompression and tube
thoracostomy. Subsequently, his heart rate decreases to 144 beats per minute, his respirartory rate
decreases to 36 breaths per minute and his blood pressure is 81/53 mmHg. Warmed Ringers
lactate is adminstered intravenously. The next priority should be to:
A. Perform external fixation of the pelvis
B. Obtain abdominal and pelvic CT-scans
C. Perform arterial embolization of the pelvic vessel
D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal lavage or FAST
, [Type here]
E. Perform a urethrogram and cystogram - (Correct Answer)-D. Perform diagnostic peritoneal
lavage or FAST
A 42-year-old man, injured in a motor vehicle crash, suffers a closed head injury, multiple
palpable left rib fractures, and bilateral femur fractures. He is intubated orotracheally without
difficulty. Initially, his ventilations are easily assisted with a bag-mask device. It becomes more
difficult to ventilate the patient over the next 5 minutes, and his hemoglobin oxygen saturation
level decreases from 98% to 89%. The most appropriate next step is to:
A. Obtain a chest x-ray
B. Decrease the tidal volume
C. Decrease PEEP
D. Increase the rate of assisted ventilations
E. Perform needle decompression of the left chest. - (Correct Answer)-A. Obtain a chest x-ray
(MÅ SJEKKES)
A 30-year-old man sustains a severely comminuted, open, distal right femur fracture in a
motorcycle crash. The wound is actively bleeding. Normal sensation is present over the lateral
aspect of the foot but decreased over the medial foot and great toe. Normal motion of the foot is
observed. Dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses are easily palpable on the left, but heard only
by Doppler on the right. Immediate efforts to improve circulation to the injured extremity should
involve:
A. Immediate angiography
B. Tamponade of the wound with a pressure dressing
C. Wound exploration and removal of bony fragments
D. Realignment of the fracture segments with a traction splint
E. Fasciotomy of all four compartments in the lower extremity - (Correct Answer)-B. Tamponade
of the wound with a pressure dressing
An 18-yeard-old, unhelmeted motorcyclist is brought by ambulance to the ED following a crash.
He had decreased level of consciousness at the scene, but then was alert and conversational
during transportation. Now his GCS is only 11. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Cerebral perfusion is intact
