ATLS 10TH EDITION –(SHOCK) NEW VERSION QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | UPDATED TEST.100% CORRECT
1. Shock: Abnormality of the circulatory system that results in inadequate organ perfusion and tissue
oxygenation
2. Types of Shock: Hypovolaemic - Most Common
Cardiogenic, obstructive, neurogenic, septic.
3. NEUROGENIC SHOCK: a state of shock (hypoperfusion) caused by nerve paralysis that
sometimes devel- ops from spinal cord injuries
Loss of sympathetic tone and subsequent vasodilation
4. cardiac output: Volume pumped by the heart per
minute Stroke Volume x Heart Rate
5. Stroke Volume Determinants: preload, myocardial contractility, afterload
6. Preload: degree of stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers at the end of diastole
Volume of venous blood return to left and right sides of heart.
7. Determinants of Preload: 1. Venous Capacitance
2. Volume Status
3. Ditterence between mean venous systemic pressure and right atrial pressure.
8. Venous return: 70% of blood is on venous circuit
Venous volume which contribute to mean systemic venous pressure
9. Afterload: Peripheral vascular
resistance Resistance to forward flow of
the blood
10. Early signs of hypovolaemic shock:
Tachycardia Cutaneous vasoconstriction
11. cardiac tamponade:
Tachycardia Muffled Heart Sounds
Dilated Neck Veins
Hypotension
Insuflcient response to fluid therapy
12. Neurogenic Shock: Hypotension without tachycardia or cutaneous vasoconstriction
13. Normal Adult blood volume: 7% of body weight
14. Classification of Haemorrhagic Shock: Class 1 - 4
Note Reduced pulse pressure (ditterence between systolic and
diastolic) Base deficit - in keeping with a metabolic acidosis
15. Confounding Factors for recognising shock: Patient age
1/
3
ANSWERS | UPDATED TEST.100% CORRECT
1. Shock: Abnormality of the circulatory system that results in inadequate organ perfusion and tissue
oxygenation
2. Types of Shock: Hypovolaemic - Most Common
Cardiogenic, obstructive, neurogenic, septic.
3. NEUROGENIC SHOCK: a state of shock (hypoperfusion) caused by nerve paralysis that
sometimes devel- ops from spinal cord injuries
Loss of sympathetic tone and subsequent vasodilation
4. cardiac output: Volume pumped by the heart per
minute Stroke Volume x Heart Rate
5. Stroke Volume Determinants: preload, myocardial contractility, afterload
6. Preload: degree of stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers at the end of diastole
Volume of venous blood return to left and right sides of heart.
7. Determinants of Preload: 1. Venous Capacitance
2. Volume Status
3. Ditterence between mean venous systemic pressure and right atrial pressure.
8. Venous return: 70% of blood is on venous circuit
Venous volume which contribute to mean systemic venous pressure
9. Afterload: Peripheral vascular
resistance Resistance to forward flow of
the blood
10. Early signs of hypovolaemic shock:
Tachycardia Cutaneous vasoconstriction
11. cardiac tamponade:
Tachycardia Muffled Heart Sounds
Dilated Neck Veins
Hypotension
Insuflcient response to fluid therapy
12. Neurogenic Shock: Hypotension without tachycardia or cutaneous vasoconstriction
13. Normal Adult blood volume: 7% of body weight
14. Classification of Haemorrhagic Shock: Class 1 - 4
Note Reduced pulse pressure (ditterence between systolic and
diastolic) Base deficit - in keeping with a metabolic acidosis
15. Confounding Factors for recognising shock: Patient age
1/
3
