BIO156 Exam – Questions With Valid Solutions
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Terms in this set (183)
Who conducted the Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
experiment that
confirmed DNA is the
genetic material?
used bacteriophages(virus that can infect bacteria)
to determine whether DNA or protein is the genetic
Hershey and Chase(1952) material.
- Concluded that DNA is responsible for heredity
not protein.
What are purines Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)
What are pyrimidines? Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T)
Watson and Crick(1953) proposed the double helix model of DNA
X-ray crystallography images were essential to
Rosalind Franklin
revealing DNA's helical shape
worked with Franklin and shared data with Watson
Maurice Wilkins and Crick
-model was informed by Chagraff's Rule(A=T, G=C)
Y- shaped region where DNA contains one parent -
Replication fork
strand
DNA Polymerase enzyme that builds the new DNA strand
DNA ligase enzyme that connects fragments of DNA
RNA polymerase the enzyme responsible for building RNA
tRNA "translates"mRNA codons into amino acids
is a class of double- stranded RNA molecules
siRNA
involved in gene silencing through RNA
, a process in which RNA molecules slow gene
RNAi
expression by neutralizing specific message RNA
a master control gene that regulates groups of
Homoetic gene other genes that determine the anatomy of parts of
the body
The phage replication cycle refers to how
Phage Replication cycle bacteriophages, which are viruses that infect
bacteria, multiply within a host cell
a process where a virus infects a host cell, replicates
Lytic cycle
itself, and the destroys the host cycle
Prions infectious proteins-no DNA or RNA involved
The transfer of bacterial transduction
genes by. a phage is
called
Conjugation transfer of DNA between 2 bacteria cells
the ability to control which genes are expressed and
Gene regulation
how much in response to internal/external signals
Transcription DNA to RNA in the nucleus
Translation RNA to protein
Transcription phases are? initiation, elongation, termnation
RNA polymerase bids to a procurer region of DNA
Initiation
- It unwinds the dna making RNA
RNA polymerase moves along DNA, adding RNA
Elongation
nucleotides
where RNA polymerase reaches a terminator
Termination
sequence transcription ends
What does the T2 Phage infects E.Coli and is made of only DNA and protein
do?
What did Frederick He studied pneumonia-causing bateria
Griffith do? -
the process by which a parent cell divides into two
What is cell division?
or more daughter cells.
, Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that
What is asexual
involves a single parent producing offspring that are
reproduction?
genetically identical to itself.
What is a clone? a genetically identical copy of a gene or organism
What is a gamete? reproductive cell
Binary fusion means dividing it in half
the complex DNA and proteins that makes up
Why is chromatin
chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
What are sister identical copies of a chromosome formed after
chromatids? DNA replication during the S phase.
a series of events that a cell goes through as it
grows and divides
What is a cell cycle?
- 2 main stages are the interphase and the mitotic
phase
a period where the cell doubles everything in its
What is interphase?
cytoplasm and replicates its DNA.
What is the mitotic the cell divides its copied DNA and cytoplasm to
phase? make two new cells
The interphase phases G phase(first gap), S phase(DNA replication) and the
are? G2 phase(second gap)
the cell increases in size, synthesizes RNA and
G phase
proteins, and prepares for DNA replication.
where DNA replication occurs(cell makes an exact
S phase
copy of DNA)
where the cell undergoes final preparations for
G2 phase mitosis, focusing on growth & DNA repair to ensure
a successful cell division.
What are the two mitosis(nuclear division) and cytokinesis(cytoplasmic
processes in the mitotic division)
phase?
a type of cell division where one cell divides into
What is mitosis?
two identical daughter cells
Save
Terms in this set (183)
Who conducted the Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
experiment that
confirmed DNA is the
genetic material?
used bacteriophages(virus that can infect bacteria)
to determine whether DNA or protein is the genetic
Hershey and Chase(1952) material.
- Concluded that DNA is responsible for heredity
not protein.
What are purines Adenine (A) and Guanine (G)
What are pyrimidines? Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T)
Watson and Crick(1953) proposed the double helix model of DNA
X-ray crystallography images were essential to
Rosalind Franklin
revealing DNA's helical shape
worked with Franklin and shared data with Watson
Maurice Wilkins and Crick
-model was informed by Chagraff's Rule(A=T, G=C)
Y- shaped region where DNA contains one parent -
Replication fork
strand
DNA Polymerase enzyme that builds the new DNA strand
DNA ligase enzyme that connects fragments of DNA
RNA polymerase the enzyme responsible for building RNA
tRNA "translates"mRNA codons into amino acids
is a class of double- stranded RNA molecules
siRNA
involved in gene silencing through RNA
, a process in which RNA molecules slow gene
RNAi
expression by neutralizing specific message RNA
a master control gene that regulates groups of
Homoetic gene other genes that determine the anatomy of parts of
the body
The phage replication cycle refers to how
Phage Replication cycle bacteriophages, which are viruses that infect
bacteria, multiply within a host cell
a process where a virus infects a host cell, replicates
Lytic cycle
itself, and the destroys the host cycle
Prions infectious proteins-no DNA or RNA involved
The transfer of bacterial transduction
genes by. a phage is
called
Conjugation transfer of DNA between 2 bacteria cells
the ability to control which genes are expressed and
Gene regulation
how much in response to internal/external signals
Transcription DNA to RNA in the nucleus
Translation RNA to protein
Transcription phases are? initiation, elongation, termnation
RNA polymerase bids to a procurer region of DNA
Initiation
- It unwinds the dna making RNA
RNA polymerase moves along DNA, adding RNA
Elongation
nucleotides
where RNA polymerase reaches a terminator
Termination
sequence transcription ends
What does the T2 Phage infects E.Coli and is made of only DNA and protein
do?
What did Frederick He studied pneumonia-causing bateria
Griffith do? -
the process by which a parent cell divides into two
What is cell division?
or more daughter cells.
, Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that
What is asexual
involves a single parent producing offspring that are
reproduction?
genetically identical to itself.
What is a clone? a genetically identical copy of a gene or organism
What is a gamete? reproductive cell
Binary fusion means dividing it in half
the complex DNA and proteins that makes up
Why is chromatin
chromosomes within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
What are sister identical copies of a chromosome formed after
chromatids? DNA replication during the S phase.
a series of events that a cell goes through as it
grows and divides
What is a cell cycle?
- 2 main stages are the interphase and the mitotic
phase
a period where the cell doubles everything in its
What is interphase?
cytoplasm and replicates its DNA.
What is the mitotic the cell divides its copied DNA and cytoplasm to
phase? make two new cells
The interphase phases G phase(first gap), S phase(DNA replication) and the
are? G2 phase(second gap)
the cell increases in size, synthesizes RNA and
G phase
proteins, and prepares for DNA replication.
where DNA replication occurs(cell makes an exact
S phase
copy of DNA)
where the cell undergoes final preparations for
G2 phase mitosis, focusing on growth & DNA repair to ensure
a successful cell division.
What are the two mitosis(nuclear division) and cytokinesis(cytoplasmic
processes in the mitotic division)
phase?
a type of cell division where one cell divides into
What is mitosis?
two identical daughter cells
