NURS 8022 Final Exam – Question and Answers

NURS 8022 Final Exam – Question and Answers 1. A high school football player is hit hard in the helmet, losses consciousness for approximately 8 minutes, and when he wakes up he is confused. He is removed from the game and examined by an onsite medical professional who determines the player has suffered a Grade ______ concussion. 2. A 12 year old boy was walking in the woods and was bitten by a tick. He presents to the pediatrician with complaints of fever, malaise, joint pain, and a rash. The NP suspects Lyme disease and knows that theses symptoms are indicative of localized infection. In this early stage of Lyme disease the rash is known as_________________ 3. A communicating hydrocephalus is caused by an impairment of the: 4. A patient scrapes the knee while playing soccer and complains of sharp and well-localized pain. Which of the following should the NP document to most accurately characterize the pain? 5. Which answer indicates that a NP understands regeneration of neurons? Neurons that have the capacity for regeneration include: 6. In acute hypothermia, what physiological change shunts blood away from the colder skin to the body core in an effort to decrease heat loss? 7. A 52 year-old male patient presents with scaly, thick, silvery, and elevated lesions on his elbow. The skin appears thickened on exam. The NP knows that this disorder is a result of___________. 8. Afferent neurons are ________________ neurons and carry impulses from the _______________ to the __________________. 9. A 40-year-old male complains of uncontrolled excessive movement and progressive dysfunction of intellectual and thought processes. He is experiencing movement problems that begin in the face and arms that eventually affect the entire body. The most likely diagnosis is: 10. A 70-year-old female with osteoporosis fractures her leg at a location of preexisting abnormality. She reports that the fracture occurred following a minor fall. Which of the following best describes the fracture? 11. A 19-year-old female developed a circular, demarcated, and salmon-pink lesion. Two weeks later she developed more lesions over the trunk and upper part of the extremities. The diagnosis is pityriasis rosea, and the NP knows the disorder is normally associated with a: 12. Hikers are attempting to cross the Arizona desert with a small supply of water. The temperatures cause them to sweat profusely, become dehydrated, with nausea and slight confusion. The hikers are likely experiencing 13. The main area where somatic sensory input is received is in the _________________________. 14. A patient presents to the hospital with history of recent viral infection. He now has a complaint of weakness that started in legs and is moving up his body. The practitioner knows that the pathophysiology of this disorder is: 15. Which term is used to identify the temporary displacement of two bones causing the bone surfaces to partially lose contact? 16. Upper motor neuron syndromes cause _________paresis or paralysis. 17. A 65-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with a pathologic, compound, transverse fracture of the femur. Which of the following statements best describes this type of fracture? 18. Dark urine in rhabdomyolysis is the result of the presence of what product in the urine? 19. A 70-year-old male presents with back pain, fever, and weight loss. He reports that he had a recent respiratory infection from which he thought he recovered. Tests revealed increased white blood cell count, and a diagnosis of endogenous osteomyelitis was made. The primary organism causing this condition is: 20. A patient is diagnosed with a thrombotic CVA. The provider would explain to the patient that most thrombotic strokes are the result of what? 21. A 23-year-old female begins having problems with tiredness, weakness, and visual changes. Her diagnosis is multiple sclerosis (MS). What is occurring in the patient’s body? 22. Considering the pathophysiologic process of osteoporosis, after being activated by RANKL (receptor activator of nuclear factor ?B ligand); RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor ?B) activates which of the following? 23. A 9-year-old male presents with severe erythematous bullous lesions that are believed to be an adverse response to a medication. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? 24. A nursing faculty member is describing a type of muscle contraction characterized by the muscle maintaining a constant length as tension is increased. The student knows that the faculty member is describing _______________. 25. _______________ is associated with the clinical development of confusion, forgetfulness, emotional upset. Pathologically there is the development of neurofibrillary tangles, senile plaques, and amyloid deposits. 26. Tumors that arise from chondroblasts are which type of tumor? 27. A 75-year-old male experienced a lacunar stroke. When looking through the history of the patient’s chart, which of the following would the nurse expect to find? 28. Lesions that usually have depressed centers with rolled borders and are frequently located on the face and neck characterize which type of skin malignancy? 29. When taking a patient’s temperature, which principle should the NP remember? Regulation of body temperature primarily occurs in the